Physical Pharmacy: Ionic Equilibria and Acid-Base Theories

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Which theory defines an acid as a substance that liberates hydrogen ions and a base as a substance that supplies hydroxyl ions on dissociation in aqueous media?

Arrhenius theory (correct)

Bronsted-Lowry theory

Lewis Electronic Theory

None of the above

According to the Bronsted-Lowry theory, what is an acid?

A substance that accepts a proton

A substance that liberates hydrogen ions

A substance that donates a proton (correct)

A substance that supplies hydroxyl ions

In which solvent is HCI considered a weak acid?

Liquid ammonia

Glacial acetic acid (correct)

Water

Methanol

Which theory defines an acid as a molecule or an ion that accepts an electron pair to form a covalent bond?

Lewis Electronic Theory Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is classified as a Lewis base according to the Lewis definition?

Amines Signup and view all the answers

What type of bond is formed when a Lewis acid accepts an electron pair from a Lewis base?

Covalent bond Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following can be classified as a Lewis base?

Ammonia (NH3) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of an acid according to the Arrhenius theory?

Liberates hydrogen ions Signup and view all the answers

Which type of solvent is capable of accepting protons from the solute?

Protophilic solvent Signup and view all the answers

Which type of solvent is a proton-donating compound?

Protogenic solvent Signup and view all the answers

Which class of solvents act as both proton acceptors and proton donors?

Amphiprotic solvents Signup and view all the answers

Which type of solvents neither accept nor donate protons?

Aprotic solvents Signup and view all the answers

What is the pH value representing the neutral point?

7 at room temperature Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the autoprotolysis constant or ion product of water?

Ionic equilibria Kw Signup and view all the answers

What is the pH at which zwitterion concentration is at its maximum?

IEP (Isoelectric point) Signup and view all the answers

What is the net charge of a molecule at its Isoelectric point (IEP)?

-1 Signup and view all the answers

What is the charge of a molecule at pH above its Isoelectric point (IEP)?

+1 Signup and view all the answers

What is the charge of a molecule at pH below its Isoelectric point (IEP)?

-2 Signup and view all the answers

In the measurement of pH, what happens with a strong acid concentration?

Concentration of H is equal to initial concentration of acid. Signup and view all the answers

In solutions containing a single conjugate acid-base pair, what example illustrates the measurement of pH?

Example 7-16 and 17 Signup and view all the answers