Questions and Answers
Define a hazardous chemical.
A hazardous chemical is any chemical that is a physical or a health hazard.
What are some examples of a physical hazard?
Flammable materials, combustible liquids, oxidizers, pyrophoric materials, organic peroxides, compressed gases, explosive materials, unstable materials, water reactives.
Define flammable solids.
Flammable solids are chemicals that cause fire through friction, absorption of water, retained heat or a chemical that spontaneously burns vigorously.
Define flammable liquids.
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Define explosive materials and provide an example.
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Define unstable materials and provide an example.
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Define polymerization and provide an example of a compound that undergoes polymerization.
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Define water reactives and give an example.
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Study Notes
Hazardous Chemicals
- A hazardous chemical poses either a physical or health threat.
Physical Hazards
- Common examples include:
- Flammable materials: solids, liquids, and gases
- Combustible liquids
- Oxidizers
- Pyrophoric materials
- Organic peroxides
- Compressed gases
- Explosive materials
- Unstable materials
- Water reactives
Flammable Solids
- Flammable solids can ignite through friction, moisture absorption, retained heat, or spontaneous ignition.
Flammable Liquids
- Defined as liquids with a flash point below 104 psia at 130 °F or those with a vapor pressure exceeding 40 psia at 100 °F.
- psia stands for pounds per square inch absolute.
Explosive Materials
- Explosive materials rapidly decompose in violent reactions generating heat, pressure, and gases.
- Example: Nitroglycerine, which produces 1000 liters of gas from 1 liter.
Unstable Materials
- Unstable materials can decompose or polymerize vigorously with slight changes in temperature, pressure, or shock.
- Example: Ammonium compounds can decompose when heated, producing gas.
Polymerization
- Polymerization refers to the rapid, uncontrollable formation of a polymer chain.
- Example: Acrylonitrile undergoes polymerization.
Water Reactives
- Water reactives react violently with water to yield toxic or flammable gases.
- Example: Sodium reacts with water to produce sodium hydroxide and hydrogen gas, with the reaction being highly exothermic and capable of igniting the hydrogen.
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Description
Explore the definitions and examples of hazardous chemicals in this flashcard quiz. Learn about different physical hazards and their classifications, including flammable materials and explosive substances. Test your knowledge to enhance your understanding of safety in chemical handling.
