Physical Geography of Europe

Physical Geography

Mountains

• The Alps are the largest mountain range in Europe, stretching across 8 countries
• The Carpathian Mountains stretch across Central and Eastern Europe
• The Pyrenees separate France and Spain
• The Apennine Mountains run along the Italian peninsula
• The Balkan Mountains stretch across Eastern Europe

Rivers

• The Volga River is the longest in Europe, flowing through Russia
• The Danube River flows through 10 countries, including Germany, Austria, and Romania
• The Rhine River forms part of the border between Germany and France
• The Seine River flows through Paris, France

Islands

• Iceland is a large island nation in the North Atlantic
• The British Isles include the UK and Ireland
• The Mediterranean islands include Sicily, Sardinia, and Corsica
• The Baltic Sea is home to many small islands, including Gotland and Öland

Human Geography

Countries and Capitals

• There are 50 countries in Europe, with 6 countries bordering the Mediterranean Sea
• The European Union has 27 member states
• The 5 largest countries by population are:
  1. Russia (partially in Asia)
  2. Germany
  3. United Kingdom
  4. France
  5. Italy

Languages

• Indo-European languages are spoken by the majority of Europeans
• Slavic languages are spoken in Eastern Europe, including Russian, Polish, and Czech
• Romance languages are spoken in Southern Europe, including Spanish, French, and Italian
• Germanic languages are spoken in Northern and Western Europe, including English, German, and Dutch

Economic Geography

• The European Union is a major economic power, with 22 of its member states using the Euro as their official currency
• The service sector dominates the economies of Western Europe
• Agriculture is important in Eastern Europe, particularly in Poland and Romania
• The North Sea is a major source of oil and gas for Europe

Physical Geography

• The Alps are the largest mountain range in Europe, spanning across 8 countries.
• The Carpathian Mountains stretch across Central and Eastern Europe.
• The Pyrenees form a natural border between France and Spain.
• The Apennine Mountains run along the Italian peninsula.
• The Balkan Mountains stretch across Eastern Europe.

Rivers

• The Volga River is the longest in Europe, flowing through Russia.
• The Danube River flows through 10 countries, including Germany, Austria, and Romania.
• The Rhine River forms part of the border between Germany and France.
• The Seine River flows through Paris, France.

Islands

• Iceland is a large island nation in the North Atlantic.
• The British Isles include the UK and Ireland.
• The Mediterranean islands include Sicily, Sardinia, and Corsica.
• The Baltic Sea is home to many small islands, including Gotland and Öland.

Human Geography

• There are 50 countries in Europe, with 6 countries bordering the Mediterranean Sea.
• The European Union has 27 member states.
• Russia, partially in Asia, is the largest country in Europe by population.
• Germany, United Kingdom, France, and Italy are the next 4 largest countries by population.

Languages

• Indo-European languages are spoken by the majority of Europeans.
• Slavic languages are spoken in Eastern Europe, including Russian, Polish, and Czech.
• Romance languages are spoken in Southern Europe, including Spanish, French, and Italian.
• Germanic languages are spoken in Northern and Western Europe, including English, German, and Dutch.

Economic Geography

• The European Union is a major economic power, with 22 of its member states using the Euro as their official currency.
• The service sector dominates the economies of Western Europe.
• Agriculture is important in Eastern Europe, particularly in Poland and Romania.
• The North Sea is a major source of oil and gas for Europe.