Physical Features of India Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following physical features is NOT mentioned as present in the country?

  • Deserts
  • Lakes (correct)
  • Mountains
  • Plains

The land of India has no physical variation.

False (B)

What is one major physical feature of the earth that is found in India?

Mountains

India has a variety of physical features, including mountains, plains, deserts, plateaus, and __________.

<p>islands</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following physical features with their characteristics:

<p>Mountains = High elevated land forms Plains = Flat, low-lying areas Deserts = Arid regions with little rainfall Plateaus = Flat elevated areas</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which rivers lie between the Kumaon Himalayas?

<p>Satluj and Kali (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Nepal Himalayas are located between the Tista and Dihang rivers.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What geological composition is primarily found in the Purvachal Hills?

<p>strong sandstones</p> Signup and view all the answers

The _____ Himalayas lie between the Tista and Dihang rivers.

<p>Assam</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following regions with their corresponding river boundaries:

<p>Kumaon Himalayas = Satluj to Kali Nepal Himalayas = Kali to Tista Assam Himalayas = Tista to Dihang Purvachal Hills = Beyond Dihang gorge</p> Signup and view all the answers

What direction do the Himalayas bend after the Dihang gorge?

<p>South (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Purvachal Hills are an extension of the western Himalayas.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the geographical significance of the Purvachal Hills?

<p>They form the northeastern boundary of India.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following hills is NOT mentioned as one of the important hills?

<p>Himalayan (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Indus Plains are formed by the River Ganga and its tributaries.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name one river that is part of the Indus Plains.

<p>Jhelum</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Northern Plains of India are primarily made up of __________ plains.

<p>alluvial</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following rivers with their respective plains:

<p>Indus = Indus Plains Ganga = Ganga Plains Yamuna = Ganga Plains Beas = Indus Plains</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which river is NOT a tributary of the River Indus?

<p>Kosi (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Ganga Plains extend between the Ghaggar and Teesta rivers.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the height of Mount Everest?

<p>8848 metres (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

List three rivers that form the Ganga Plains.

<p>Yamuna, Ghaghara, Gandak</p> Signup and view all the answers

Kanchenjunga is taller than Mount Everest.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the average height range of the Lesser Himalayas?

<p>3700 to 4500 metres</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Ganga river rises from the _______ glacier.

<p>Gangotri</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following ranges form the most rugged areas of the Himalayas?

<p>Himachal (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following mountains with their characteristics:

<p>Mount Everest = Highest mountain in the world Kanchenjunga = Third highest mountain PirPanjal = Rugged range in Lesser Himalayas Mahabharat = Major range in Northern India</p> Signup and view all the answers

The folds of the Himalayan region are symmetrical in nature.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name one river that rises from the Himalayas.

<p>Ganga</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of the Bhabar region?

<p>Rivers deposit pebbles in a narrow belt. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Streams and rivers disappear in the Terai region.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What has the Terai region been cleared for?

<p>Cultivation</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Bhangar region is primarily made up of _______ alluvium.

<p>older</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following regions with their characteristics:

<p>Bhabar = Deposits pebbles in a narrow belt Terai = Wet, swampy and marshy region Bhangar = Largest part made of older alluvium</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the Terai region?

<p>It was originally rich in wildlife. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Bhabar region lies below the Terai region.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How wide is the Bhabar region?

<p>8-16 km</p> Signup and view all the answers

What feature characterizes the region above the floodplains?

<p>Terrace-like structure (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Kankar deposits in the region are known for making the soil highly fertile.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are Khadar deposits known for?

<p>They are fertile and renewed annually by floods.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The soil above the flood plains contains __________ deposits called Kankar.

<p>calcareous</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following features with their descriptions:

<p>Terrace-like feature = Region above flood plains Khadar = Fertile younger deposits renewed by floods Kankar = Calcareous deposits that hinder fertility Flood plains = Areas prone to annual flooding</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true regarding the Northern Plains of India?

<p>They provide fertile land suitable for cultivation. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flooding has a negative impact on the fertility of Khadar deposits.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe the significance of the Northern Plains.

<p>They provide fertile land for agriculture, supporting large populations through intensive cultivation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Kumaon Himalayas

These Himalayas are located between the Satluj and Kali rivers. They are known for their rugged terrain and high peaks.

Nepal Himalayas

These Himalayas are located between the Kali and Tista rivers. They are known for their diverse flora and fauna.

Assam Himalayas

These Himalayas are located between the Tista and Dihang rivers. They are known for their dense forests and tea plantations.

Purvachal Hills

These hills are the northeastern extension of the Himalayas. Beyond the Dihang gorge, the Himalayas bend sharply to the south and spread along the northeastern boundary of India.

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Composition of Purvachal Hills

The Purvachal Hills are mainly composed of strong sandstones.

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Northern Plains

The fertile land in northern India formed by the deposition of sediments from rivers.

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Indus Plains

The area in the Northern Plains of India formed by the Indus River and its tributaries, including the Jhelum, Chenab, Ravi, Beas, and Satluj.

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What are tributaries?

Tributaries are smaller rivers that flow into a larger river.

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Ganga Plains

The area in the Northern Plains of India formed by the Ganges River and its tributaries, including the Yamuna, Ghaghara, Gandak, and Kosi.

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What forms the Indus Plains?

The Indus Plains are formed by the deposition of sediments from the Indus River and its tributaries.

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What forms the Ganga Plains?

The Ganga Plains are formed by the deposition of sediments from the Ganges River and its tributaries.

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How are the Northern Plains divided?

The Northern Plains are divided into the Indus Plains, the Ganga Plains, and the Brahmaputra Plains.

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What forms the Brahmaputra Plains?

The Brahmaputra Plains are formed by the deposition of sediments from the Brahmaputra River and its tributaries.

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What is the Bhabar?

A narrow belt of land (8-16 km wide) located parallel to the Shiwaliks, formed by pebbles deposited by rivers flowing down from the mountains.

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What is the Terai?

A wet, swampy area located below the Bhabar belt, where rivers and streams reappear after disappearing in the Bhabar.

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What is Bhangar?

The largest part of the Northern Plains, composed of older alluvium (soil deposited by rivers).

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What are the Himalayas?

The Himalayas are a mountain range in Asia, known for their towering peaks, including Mount Everest.

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What is the Himadri?

The highest peaks of the Himalayas, located in the north, are known as the Himadri.

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What are the key features of the Himadri?

The Himadri is characterized by asymmetrical folds, perennially snow-bound peaks, and the origin of many rivers, such as the Ganga.

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What are the Lesser Himalayas?

The Lesser Himalayas, located south of the Himadri, are the most rugged and are composed of highly compressed and altered rocks.

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What is the average height of the Lesser Himalayas?

The average height of the Lesser Himalayas is between 3700 and 4500 meters.

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What are some important ranges in the Lesser Himalayas?

Some important ranges within the Lesser Himalayas include the Pir Panjal, Dhaula Dhar, and Mahabharat.

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Why are the Himalayas important?

The Himalayas are crucial for several reasons. They are a source of major rivers, provide important resources, and influence weather patterns.

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What is the significance of the Himalayas?

The Himalayas are a vast and complex mountain range, playing a vital role in the geography and culture of Asia.

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Bhabar

The older and higher elevated region in the Northern Plains, situated above the floodplains. It's characterized by less fertile soil with calcareous deposits called 'kankar'.

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Khadar

The newer, younger deposits of the floodplains found in the lower river valley and at the river's mouth. They are highly fertile and renewed annually by floods, making them ideal for intensive agriculture.

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Significance of the Northern Plains

The Northern Plains are vital for India's economy and population. They are an important agricultural region, support a vast population, and provide fertile land for agriculture. They are also an important transportation route and connect different regions of the country.

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Agriculture

An important agricultural region in India, providing fertile land for cultivation. It supports a large population and contributes significantly to India's food security.

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Population

The Northern Plains are densely populated, supporting a large number of individuals.

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Transportation

The Northern Plains are a crucial transportation route, connecting different parts of India and facilitating the movement of goods and people.

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Economic Significance

The Northern Plains contribute significantly to India's economy through agriculture, industry, and trade.

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Cultural Significance

The Northern Plains have played a historical role in shaping India's culture and civilization. They have been home to ancient empires, religions, and cultural traditions.

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Study Notes

Physical Features of India

  • Landslides: Most common in the Lesser Himalayan region.
  • Peninsula: A landmass surrounded by sea on three sides.

Mountain Ranges in India

  • Eastern Boundary: The mountain ranges bordering Myanmar are collectively called the Purvanchal.

Western Coastal Strip

  • South of Goa: Referred to as the Konkan.

Highest Peak in the Eastern Ghats

  • Mahendragiri is the highest peak in the Eastern Ghats.

Matching Columns

Column A Column B
Majuli Brahmaputra
Great Himalayas Central Highlands
Southern part of western Granite

Assertion and Reasoning

  • Assertion (A): The Western and Eastern Ghats mark the Western and Eastern edges of the Deccan Plateau, respectively.
  • Reason (R): The Western Ghats are higher than the Eastern Ghats.

Physical Features of India

  • Physical Features: India comprises mountains, plains, deserts, plateaus, and islands.
  • Physical Variation: The land of India displays significant physical variation.

Oldest Feature of India

  • The Himalayas are the oldest feature of India.

River Draining into Desert Region

  • The only river mentioned as draining into the Desert Region is not specified.

Mountain Heights

  • Mt. Everest's height is not specified.

Himalayan Valleys

  • The famous valleys are Kashmir, Kangra, and Kullu. These are located in the Himalayas.

Himalayan Divisions

  • Punjab Himalayas: Located between the Indus and Satluj rivers.
  • Kumaon Himalayas: Located between the Satluj and Kali rivers.
  • Nepal Himalayas: Located between the Kali and Tista rivers.
  • Assam Himalayas: Located between the Tista and Dihang rivers.
  • Purvanchal Hills: Are the northeastern extension of the Himalayas, extending beyond the Dihang gorge.

Northern Plains Divisions

  • Indus Plains: Formed by the Indus River and its tributaries (Jhelum, Chenab, Ravi, Beas and Satluj).
  • Ganga Plains: Formed by the Ganga River and its tributaries (Yamuna, Ghaghara, Gandak, Kosi).
  • Brahmaputra Plains: Located mainly in Assam, drained by the Brahmaputra River and its tributaries.

Himalayan Ranges

  • Himadri (Greater Himalayas): The most continuous range.
  • Lesser Himalayas (Himachal): The rugged mountain range south of the Himadri.
  • Outer Himalayas (Shiwaliks): Ranges of unconsolidated mud and rocks extending for 10-50 km and 900-1100 metres in height.

Northern Plains Regions

  • Bhabar: A narrow belt (8-16 km) parallel to the Shiwalik slopes, where rivers deposit pebbles, streams disappearing within.
  • Terai: A region south of the Bhabar, characterized by wet, swampy, and marshy land, where rivers and streams re-emerge.
  • Bhangar: Older alluvial deposits in the northern plains, forming a terrace-like elevation.
  • Khadar: Newer alluvial deposits from floods in the lower river valleys.

Significance of Northern Plains

  • Fertile Region: The plains are fertile and a major source of food grains.
  • Population Density: Densely populated with religious sites.
  • Water Resources: Perennial rivers (e.g., Ganga, Yamuna) provide irrigation.
  • Transportation: Network of transportation (railways, roads).
  • Early Civilizations: The plains provided foundation for early civilizations.

Complementing Physical Divisions

  • Water and Forest Resources: The Northern mountains provide water and forest resources.
  • Granaries: The Northern Plains serve as granaries due to fertile soil.
  • Mineral Wealth: The Peninsular plateau houses significant mineral resources.
  • Manufacturing: The coastal plains support fishing and port activities.
  • Flora and Fauna Diversity: Island groups display rich biodiversity.

Lakshadweep Islands

  • Old Name: Laccadive, Minicoy, and Amindive Islands.
  • Island with Sanctuary: Pitti Island.
  • Administrative Headquarters: Kavaratti Island.

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