Physical Education and Health Definitions

Definition of Physical Education and Health

• Physical education is a course of study focusing on health and wellness.
• It includes cognitive content and guidance intended to help improve pupils' motor skills, knowledge, physical habits, and overall health.
• Physical education is vital for general education and contributes to pupils' overall development by having them participate in a variety of activities that allow them to learn lifelong skills.
• Health education promotes health and prevents illness and premature death through education-driven, voluntary behavioral changes.
• Health education enhances awareness, attitudes, skills, and actions positively

Definitions of Physical Education

• Barrow describes physical education as "education in and by human movement," achieving educational goals through physical activities.
• Webster’s Dictionary describes it as a field teaching body development and care, ranging from callisthenics to hygiene, gymnastics, and competitive sports.
• Jackson R.Sharman defines physical education as activities involving the human body's motor system, resulting in developing individual behavior patterns.
• Charles A. Bucher describes it as a field that aims to form physically, psychologically, emotionally, and socially fit individuals through selected activities.
• The Central Advisory Board of Physical Education and Recreation describes physical education as "education by physical activities" for the development of a child's total personality.

Health Promotion

• Defined by the World Health Organization (WHO), enables people to increase control over their health by addressing the root causes of ill health.
• Wellness is linked to disease prevention and health promotion and is considered a state of mind and active decision-making.
• According to Dr. W.W. Bauer, health education encompasses all interactions and motivations that shape our understanding of and actions related to our health.

Importance of Health and Physical Education

• Health education is the practice of teaching the general population and individuals how to protect themselves from health risks.
• Physical education is critical for improving motor skills and reflexes, instilling value, and developing responsible decision-makers regarding health and safety.

Benefits of Physical Education

• Improves a pupil's personality and self-esteem, communication skills, and the ability to work cooperatively.
• It is important for developing motor skills, improving reflexes and hand-eye coordination, and aiding in developing a healthy posture.
• Instills the value of physical fitness and teaches healthy eating habits and dietary recommendations.
• Helps pupils relieve stress caused by curriculum, assignments, families, and social pressures by offering a way to relax.
• Necessary considerations exist for pupils with health issues to proceed under medical direction.

Community Health Education

• Aims to create a healthier society through collaboration between teachers, health workers, and community stakeholders.
• It promotes health and ensures equitable access to healthcare from ordinary citizens to government and medical officials.
• Explores the general health of a community and works with partners to solve health problems, impacting chronic disease awareness and prevention.
• Targets maternal and infant health, tobacco and substance abuse, injury and violence prevention, mental and nutritional health, exercise, and obesity.
• Community health educators collaborate with public health departments, schools, government agencies, and charities to meet community needs.

Goals of Physical Education

• Regular physical education (PE) is not as favored as in past years.
• Lack of physical activity may lead to cardiovascular health problems.
• The new curriculum can hinder physical education in favor of focusing time in the classroom to achieve important exercise goals.

Three Goals of Teaching Physical Education

• Schools for pupils of all ages should teach the importance of physical activity for fitness, leisure, and social engagement.
• Teaching essential body management skills encompasses more than breaking sedentary habits, also teaching skills for the rest of their lives.
• Physical education courses give younger children the first opportunity to learn about the connections between diet, exercise, fitness, and basic body management skills.
• Promoting physical fitness: Children should learn basic motor habits with devoted educators.
• Pupils should be taught that being involved in physical activities can be a normal and pleasurable habit.
• Developing Teamwork, Sportsmanship, and Cooperation: Physical education should encourage children to engage in positive social interactions.
• Social skills should persist for the remainder of a child’s life to help them take leadership positions and have mental well-being.
• Physical exercise can alleviate stress and improve mental health and learning skills.

Setting Goals

• Engage pupils, attract distracted pupils, cultivate movement, and teach the values of health and exercise.
• Encourage pupils with specific interests by tracking each child’s best sprint time and showing them how they progress.
• Designed goals can boost a child’s education and prepare them for an active, healthy, and productive lifestyle.

Goals of Health Education

• Health educators assist people in improving their health throughout their lives in a wide variety of ways.
• They educate on healthy eating and the value of staying healthy.
• Educators assist in making better health decisions, and tailor their message to the audience.
• It is important that pupils have an awareness of the importance of a healthy diet.
• Prevention of life-threatening illnesses: Proper diet and exercise can reduce the risk of diabetes and heart disease.
• Limiting high-cholesterol and high-sugar foods reduces the risk of developing diseases.
• Dispelling misconceptions: Educators dispel myths that harm people’s health.
• Artificial sweeteners can similarly be dangerous, and educators should teach about high-sugar diets.
• Providing Resources: Health educators distribute flyers and pamphlets and also inform groups about public services.

Objectives of Physical Education and Health

• It is important to keeps pupils safe and promote good health seeking to encourage individuals.
• Giving pupils knowledge and skills to understand and conduct a range of health-related activities and disseminate information about improving fitness.
• Developing positive self-esteem by being aware and in charge of their own bodies, and sharing the knowledge with others as part of their social responsibility.

Physical Educations Goal

• Assist pupils’ in acquiring understanding behaviors & attitudes to help them grow to a healthy lifestyle.
• Concentration on the following: Physical, Mental, Social and Emotional development.
• To train individuals to be fit and participate in activities to maintain a healthy body.
• Improving the understanding of learning, examining body movement, game skills, and making important decisions.

Social Development

• He/She learns to value others and practice fair play, sportsmanship, respect, and learns leadership.
• Pupils develop healthy habits, appreciation, and beliefs. Creating courage, self-confidence, discipline, self-expression.

Objectives of Health Education in Schools

• Develop a scientific view of health with reference to traditional and modern concepts.
• Identify health problems and medical agencies.
• Take interest in current health-related events.
• Arrive at conclusions based on knowledge, and act for family/community protection.
• Enable understanding of air, water, soil, and food pollution causes.
• Enable gaining of sufficient knowledge of first aid, and knowledge about marriage, sex, and family planning
• Help pupils understand the importance of sports, games, and yogic exercises
• Emphasizing bad effects of smoking.
• Acquainting pupils with organizations maintaining health.
• Understanding the increased hazards due to science and technology.

Bloom's Taxonomy of Behavioral Objectives of Physical Education

• Physical education allows full potential of the progress of psychomotor, cognitive, and affective skills.
• Psychomotor Objectives (physical exercise, part, movement), enhances the stamina, power, flexibility, balance, and agility.
• Cognitive Objectives, which helps improve skills as well as comprehend safety precautions regarding physical activities.
• Affective Objectives allow courage, self-control, self-expression, aesthetic appreciation, cooperation, sportsmanship, respect, and leadership to be developed.

Components of Physical Education

• The four components are (1) curriculum; (2) motivation; (3) environment; (4) assessment.
• Curriculum serves the purpose of standardizing the curriculum in a school district and ensuring equitable education for all pupils.
• "Move to Learn, Learn to Move" is the Department of Education's aim and slogan for physical education in the Philippines.

The 5 main strands of physical education

• Body management, movement skills, physical fitness, games and sports, and rhythms and dance.
• Kindergarten to grade 3, all strands must be obtained through basic teachings. Grades 4 to 6, all must be done except for body management.
• Grades 7 to 10, all strands are focused on physical fitness, games and sports, and rhythms and dance.
• Physical education time allotment for Kindergarten is integrated with other subject areas.
• On the other hand the PE time allotment is 40 minutes per week for Grades 1 to 6; 60 minutes per week for Grades 7 to 10; and 120 for grades 11-12.

Motivation

• Adults over 18 are more likely to repeat behaviors.
• Important subject to cultivate well-being behaviors and other types of active tasks.
• Psychological and social influences are critical in achieving optimum experiences for a safe and active lifestyle.
• Facility design and configuration of the classroom as the physical environment.

Student Assessment

• Teachers gather and track evidence data to instruct and measure the progress of each child in physical and tangible skills.
• Assessment is a key component of the educational process: pre-assessments, formative assessments, and summative assessments.

Components of Health

• Always follow the essential components of health (WHO), working with leaders in the medical community.
• Six components of health: physical, social, cognitive, emotional, cultural, and spiritual health.
• Studies prove that maintaining regular physical health improves overall mood and reduces anxiety and depression as it increases hormones.

Other Aspects of Health

• Social wellness relates to interacting and communicating with others, which helps lessen depression and anxiety.
• A healthy social life means people live longer and greatly reduces risk factors and development of Alzheimer's.
• Cognitive health is the brain’s memory, judgement, and ability to perform, which can be maintained regularly through social interactions.
• Emotional health is ability to recognize the world, be confident with your skin, and be free of mental disorders.
• Cultural health: The modern culture improves your health and wellness.

Curriculum Definition

• Curriculum comes from a Latin word meaning race, referring to the academic material taught in school for them to follow the content requirements.
• Describes education as all the pupil's experiences that occur during the educational process, using unique goals, content, methods, metrics, and resources.
• The curriculum has evolved drastically over the last two centuries with a variety of different modes, and no formal or informal instructions is possible without it.

Activity and Child-Centered Curriculum for PE and Health

• Activity curriculum is constant flow of activities. -Wardha scheme stated the activity curriculum meaning schools should be creativity rather than passive absorption.
• Rousseau states to keep the child occupied instead of pressuring them to concentrate. As for Pestalozzi the method of instruction suits the child, and Comenius believed all needs to be learned through practice.
• Many teaching approaches emphasized learning thru doing such as Dalton and problem-solving methods.
• Child centered curriculum's core relates to dewey's progressive views.
• The goal of child centered learning empowes the child but the teachers jobs is to encourage.
• Elementary courses aim to assist children develop an understanding of their body.
• There are three domains (cognitive, affective, and psychomotor) that are emphasized and the primary courses must be on movements that they can participate with.

Theories for Teaching

• The goal is to make good decisions on choosing appropriate learning approaches and incorporating programs.
• Understand the process and meet assumptions if they are ware of the learning process
• Theories assist with experience and provide instructions in design and growth of learning.
• Designer should apply critical thinking to education.

Learning Theories

• Cognitive learning: examines people's mental processes; knowing influences pupils and requires an understanding of cognitive theory.
• Pupils are affected by using their thinking and knowledge.
• Mechanisms that pupils use to retreive knowledge is applied to the input of stimulus as the mind goes thru a phase.
• Includes all sorts of components

Benefits to P.E and Constructivism

• Helps boost, and helps learn make material skills.
• Help children with decide and know how to take a picture.
• Cognitive helps improves children's and problem skills as well with confidence.

Constructivism Learning

• Consructivinism is a teory stating take more info or pupils constructing knolwedge.
• They observe the world they reflect to their awareness.
• Pupils integrate it thier prior experiances
• Its critical assisting many types of pupils in there learning .

Assimilation

• Integrating with data
• Related to method for revising with schemas.
• Pupills are better when involved when they are not engaged.
• Teaching is necessary theough expriences but it not directly imparted.
• It aims create key elements regarding planning
• Elict prior knwoledge

Benefits of Exercise

• Aims to create change and encourage the pupil but relate the pre exisiting to current situation ,
• Assess feedback with current.
• Physical deals while the health deals with acquiring knolwedge.
• It means learning how to be fit and play games and recreational.