15 Questions
What are macromolecules?
Very large molecules assembled from smaller molecules
Which of the following is NOT a naturally occurring macromolecule?
Nylon
Why is it important to understand the structural features of macromolecules?
To understand their physical and chemical properties
What do macromolecules give rise to that require investigation?
Molar masses and shapes
At what different levels does the meaning of the structure of a macromolecule change?
Arrangement of building blocks levels
What type of units compose polymers such as nylon and polystyrene?
Monomers
What gives the protein its unique identity?
The sequence of amino acids along the protein chain
Which molecule is a result of the transfer of a proton from the carboxylic acid group to the amine group?
A zwitterion
What type of polymer is shown in (b) in Figure 1?
A cross-linked polymer
What are proteins made up of?
A large number of amino acids linked together by peptide bonds
What gives rise to the formation of a peptide bond?
A condensation reaction between the carboxyl group of one amino acid and the amino group of another amino acid
What predominates at near-neutral pH values?
Zwitterion formation
What characteristic gives proteins their limitless possible arrangements of amino acids?
The fact that proteins consist of hundreds of amino acids
What term is used for molecules containing an amine group and a carboxylic acid group?
-amino acids
What are natural macromolecules dependent on for their shapes?
$nonbonding interactions between molecules$
Study Notes
Macromolecules
- Macromolecules are large molecules composed of smaller units, found naturally or synthesized.
Importance of Structural Features
- Understanding the structural features of macromolecules is crucial because it affects their functions and interactions.
Characteristics of Macromolecules
- Macromolecules give rise to complex structures and functions that require investigation.
- The meaning of a macromolecule's structure changes at different levels, including primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary structures.
Polymers
- Polymers like nylon and polystyrene are composed of repeating units called monomers.
Proteins
- Proteins are made up of amino acids, which give them unique identities.
- The transfer of a proton from a carboxylic acid group to an amine group results in a peptide bond.
- Proteins are composed of amino acids, which are linked by peptide bonds.
pH and Proteins
- At near-neutral pH values, zwitterions predominate.
Amino Acids and Proteins
- The limitless possible arrangements of amino acids give proteins their unique characteristics.
- Molecules containing an amine group and a carboxylic acid group are called amino acids.
- Natural macromolecules, such as proteins, are dependent on their shapes, which are crucial for their functions.
Test your knowledge of macromolecules and their assembly from smaller molecules, including polysaccharides, polypeptides, and polynucleotides. This quiz covers the physical chemistry aspect of macromolecules as well as their biological and industrial significance.
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