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Questions and Answers
Who suggested a model in which the electrons and protons are uniformly mixed throughout the atom?
What was the name of the experiment devised by Rutherford to test Thomson's model?
Which particles did Rutherford use to bombard the gold foil in his experiment?
What was observed by Rutherford in the 'gold foil' experiment?
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Which scientist tested Thomson's model by conducting the 'gold foil' experiment?
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What is the primary focus of physical chemistry?
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Which subdiscipline of chemistry deals with the study of living organisms?
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What is the state of matter in which particles are fixed and very close together with very strong interactions?
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In which state of matter do particles have a random arrangement, are far apart, and have essentially no interactions between them?
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What is the force exerted per unit area by gas molecules as they strike the surfaces around them?
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Study Notes
Atomic Structure
- Ernest Rutherford suggested a model in which electrons and protons are uniformly mixed throughout the atom, contradicting Thomson's model.
Rutherford's Experiment
- Rutherford devised the 'gold foil' experiment to test Thomson's model.
- He bombarded the gold foil with alpha particles (high-energy helium nuclei).
Results of Rutherford's Experiment
- Rutherford observed that most alpha particles passed through the gold foil, but some were deflected or even bounced back, indicating the presence of a small, dense, and positively charged nucleus.
Fields of Chemistry
- Physical chemistry is focused on the physical principles underlying chemical reactions.
- Biochemistry is the subdiscipline of chemistry that deals with the study of living organisms.
States of Matter
- Solids are characterized by fixed particles that are very close together with very strong interactions.
- Gases are characterized by particles having a random arrangement, being far apart, and having essentially no interactions between them.
Gas Properties
- Pressure is the force exerted per unit area by gas molecules as they strike the surfaces around them.
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Description
Test your knowledge of physical chemistry and bio-chemistry concepts for first year students with this quiz. Topics covered include state of matter, atomic structure, and models of the atom such as Thomson’s model, Rutherford’s model, and Bohr’s model.
