10 Questions
Who suggested a model in which the electrons and protons are uniformly mixed throughout the atom?
J.J. Thomson
What was the name of the experiment devised by Rutherford to test Thomson's model?
Gold Foil experiment
Which particles did Rutherford use to bombard the gold foil in his experiment?
Alpha particles
What was observed by Rutherford in the 'gold foil' experiment?
Most of the alpha particles passed straight through the gold foil
Which scientist tested Thomson's model by conducting the 'gold foil' experiment?
Ernest Rutherford
What is the primary focus of physical chemistry?
Interactions and transformations of materials
Which subdiscipline of chemistry deals with the study of living organisms?
Biochemistry
What is the state of matter in which particles are fixed and very close together with very strong interactions?
Solid
In which state of matter do particles have a random arrangement, are far apart, and have essentially no interactions between them?
Gas
What is the force exerted per unit area by gas molecules as they strike the surfaces around them?
Pressure
Study Notes
Atomic Structure
- Ernest Rutherford suggested a model in which electrons and protons are uniformly mixed throughout the atom, contradicting Thomson's model.
Rutherford's Experiment
- Rutherford devised the 'gold foil' experiment to test Thomson's model.
- He bombarded the gold foil with alpha particles (high-energy helium nuclei).
Results of Rutherford's Experiment
- Rutherford observed that most alpha particles passed through the gold foil, but some were deflected or even bounced back, indicating the presence of a small, dense, and positively charged nucleus.
Fields of Chemistry
- Physical chemistry is focused on the physical principles underlying chemical reactions.
- Biochemistry is the subdiscipline of chemistry that deals with the study of living organisms.
States of Matter
- Solids are characterized by fixed particles that are very close together with very strong interactions.
- Gases are characterized by particles having a random arrangement, being far apart, and having essentially no interactions between them.
Gas Properties
- Pressure is the force exerted per unit area by gas molecules as they strike the surfaces around them.
Test your knowledge of physical chemistry and bio-chemistry concepts for first year students with this quiz. Topics covered include state of matter, atomic structure, and models of the atom such as Thomson’s model, Rutherford’s model, and Bohr’s model.
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