Physical & Chemical Change Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What kind of mixture is salt water?

Homogeneous mixture (correct)

Heterogeneous mixture

Compound

Element

Breaking down water molecules into Hydrogen and Oxygen gas is what type of change?

Chemical change

What are the four states of matter?

Solid, Liquid, Gas, Plasma

What are the two ways of separating a mixture?

Distillation and Filtration Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between physical and chemical change?

Physical change is the change in states of matter while chemical change is the change in atomic structure. Signup and view all the answers

What does homogeneous mean?

The same Signup and view all the answers

What change occurs between an element and a compound?

Chemical change Signup and view all the answers

List 3 examples of homogeneous & heterogeneous mixtures.

Homogeneous: juice, salt water, air; Heterogeneous: cookie, ramen, sand & water Signup and view all the answers

When sand is compressed to form glass, is that a physical or chemical change? Why?

Physical change Signup and view all the answers

What type of change is from pure substance to mixture?

Chemical Signup and view all the answers

Define compound.

A substance made up of elements that always have the same elemental composition. Signup and view all the answers

When you add food coloring to water and stir, is this a physical or chemical change?

Physical change Signup and view all the answers

What change occurs between a heterogeneous and homogenous mixture?

Physical Change Signup and view all the answers

Define element.

A substance that can't be broken down into other substances by chemical methods. Signup and view all the answers

Name some typical physical properties.

Smell, color, state Signup and view all the answers

When gunpowder explodes, is it a physical or chemical change?

Chemical Signup and view all the answers

What is a pure substance?

A substance with a fixed composition Signup and view all the answers

Define mixture.

Something that has variable composition, not composed of one thing. Signup and view all the answers

Explain why ramen and cookies are considered heterogeneous mixtures.

You can easily separate each component and it is not a mixture that is evenly distributed throughout. Signup and view all the answers

What's the process of distillation?

Heating up mixtures so certain substances can evaporate, causing the mixture to separate. Signup and view all the answers

What's the difference between chemical and physical change?

Chemical change is any change that results in the formation of new chemical substances while physical changes are changes affecting the form of a chemical substance, but not its chemical composition. Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of filtration?

Using a filter to separate a mixture, most commonly a heterogeneous mixture. Signup and view all the answers

A blueberry muffin is a heterogeneous mixture. Why?

Because there are regions that contain different properties than others. Signup and view all the answers

How might one separate dissolved salt from water? Why does this work?

Heating up the water so it evaporates, leaving behind the salt. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Mixtures and States of Matter

Salt water is classified as a homogeneous mixture, where salt is uniformly dispersed in water.
The four states of matter are solid, liquid, gas, and plasma.
Homogeneous mixtures include juice, salt water, and air; heterogeneous mixtures include cookies, ramen, and sand mixed with water.
In heterogeneous mixtures, different regions exhibit varying properties, making components easily separable.

Changes in Matter

Breaking down water into hydrogen and oxygen represents a chemical change, altering the substance's fundamental structure.
Changing the state of an element or compound involves a physical change, with no alteration in chemical composition.
Glass formed from compressed sand demonstrates a physical change, as the chemical identity of sand remains intact despite the transformation.

Differences Between Changes

A physical change affects the appearance or state of matter without altering its identity, while a chemical change creates new substances through the alteration of atomic structure.
The process of distillation involves heating mixtures to separate components based on differences in boiling points, resulting in vaporization and condensation.
Filtration uses a barrier (filter) to separate heterogeneous mixtures, retaining larger particles while allowing smaller ones to pass through.

Pure Substances and Compounds

A pure substance is defined as having a fixed composition without variation in its makeup.
Compounds consist of two or more elements that maintain a consistent elemental ratio.
Elements cannot be broken down into simpler substances through chemical methods and serve as fundamental building blocks for compounds and mixtures.

Observing Changes

Adding food coloring to water represents a physical change, as the water's chemical structure remains unchanged despite the alteration in color.
Gunpowder exploding is a chemical change, characterized by the formation of new substances as a result of the reaction.
The transition from a pure substance to a mixture is a chemical change due to the alterations in composition.

Understanding Physical Properties

Typical physical properties include smell, color, and state, which describe the observable characteristics of a substance.
Changes between heterogeneous and homogeneous mixtures involve physical changes, as molecular structures do not change.

Special Considerations

Ramen and cookies are classified as heterogeneous due to the non-uniform distribution of their components, which can be physically separated.
The separation of dissolved salt from water can be accomplished by evaporation, allowing the solid salt to remain while the water transitions to gas.

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Description

Test your knowledge on physical and chemical changes with these flashcards! Discover the concepts of mixtures, states of matter, and types of changes in matter. Perfect for students seeking to reinforce their understanding of these fundamental scientific principles.