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Questions and Answers
What are the three most common phases of matter?
What are the three most common phases of matter?
- Solid, Plasma, Gas
- Liquid, Gas, Vapor
- Solid, Gel, Plasma
- Solid, Liquid, Gas (correct)
The process of a solid changing into a liquid is called ______.
The process of a solid changing into a liquid is called ______.
melting
What is latent heat?
What is latent heat?
Latent heat is the amount of heat energy absorbed or released during a phase change.
Ice changes its temperature immediately when heated.
Ice changes its temperature immediately when heated.
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What happens to the molecules of water as temperature continues to decrease?
What happens to the molecules of water as temperature continues to decrease?
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What is boiling?
What is boiling?
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The process in which a liquid changes into a gas at the surface is known as ______.
The process in which a liquid changes into a gas at the surface is known as ______.
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Study Notes
Phase Changes in Matter
- Phase changes occur when matter transitions between physical states: solid, liquid, and gas.
- Common phase changes include:
- Melting: solid to liquid
- Freezing: liquid to solid
- Vaporization (Boiling): liquid to gas
- Condensation: gas to liquid
- Sublimation: solid to gas
- Deposition: gas to solid
Latent Heat
- Latent heat refers to the energy absorbed or released during a phase change without changing temperature.
- When ice melts, heat is absorbed to break intermolecular bonds, allowing molecules to move freely.
- The temperature remains constant during this energy absorption until the entire solid is converted to liquid.
- As water cools, heat is released, leading to more tightly packed molecules and the formation of solid ice.
Melting
- Melting occurs when a solid is heated, increasing molecular kinetic energy and causing vibrations.
- The breaking of intermolecular bonds allows molecules to move apart, transforming the solid into a liquid.
Boiling
- Boiling transforms a liquid into gas due to increased temperature and pressure.
- Heat addition increases molecular movement and collision frequency, converting the entire liquid into gas.
Evaporation
- Evaporation is a process where surface molecules of a liquid gain enough energy to escape into the gas phase.
- This happens at temperatures below the boiling point, leading to a gradual loss of liquid.
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