Chordata Characteristics Quiz: Phylum Chordata Traits

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Questions and Answers

What is the main characteristic of the head region of the body?

It is the anterior-most region which extends to the rear of a bony flap (correct)

It is a single, ventral fin

It extends from the anus to the tip of the tail

It is a set of filamentous structures under each operculum

What is the function of the operculum?

It is a large anterior opening for ingestion

It is a bony flap covering the gills on each side (correct)

It is a set of filamentous structures for food capture

It is a pair of dorsal openings for respiration

What is the main difference between the urogenital opening in males and females?

In males, it is located on the dorsal surface, while in females, it is located on the ventral surface

In males, it is located on the ventral surface, while in females, it is located on the dorsal surface

In males, it is a separate genital pore and a urinary pore, while in females, it is a single, anterior opening (correct)

In males, it is a single, anterior opening, while in females, it is a separate genital pore and a urinary pore

What is the characteristic of the fins in amphibians?

They are membranous extensions of the skin supported by numerous bony fin rays Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of amphibians as a group of vertebrates?

They are semi-terrestrial Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the mucus glands found in the skin of a fish?

To reduce friction in the water Signup and view all the answers

What is the location of the pelvic fins in relation to the body?

They are paired, ventral and posterior to the anus Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the group that includes sharks, chimeras, and rays?

Cl.Chondrichthyes Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic feature of the skin of a cartilaginous fish like Squalus?

It is covered with tough, leathery skin with placoid scales Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the lateral line in a fish?

To detect vibrations in the water Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the group that includes ostracoderms, lampreys, and hagfishes?

Cl.Agnatha Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic feature of the endoskeleton of a cartilaginous fish like Squalus?

It is made of cartilage Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the wing segments in the folded condition?

They make angles with each other like the letter Z Signup and view all the answers

How many digits are present in the hind limbs of birds?

Four Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the uropygial gland in birds?

Producing oil for preening feathers Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the heart in mammals?

Four-chambered Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the diaphragm in mammals?

Separating the thoracic and abdominal cavities Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the integument in mammals?

Covered with hair and having glands Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic that distinguishes vertebrates from other chordates?

Presence of a vertebral column Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following chordates is NOT a vertebrate?

Lancelets Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the cranium in chordates?

Protection of the brain and organs of special sense Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the phylum that includes tunicates, lancelets, and vertebrates?

Chordata Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the marine animal that is of evolutionary importance because it displays all chordate characteristics?

A lancelet Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the study in which a prepared slide of lancelets is examined under a dissecting microscope?

Biology 132L Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the 'wheel organ' in the given organism?

To carry seawater containing suspended food through the mouth Signup and view all the answers

What is the structure that extends from the anterior portion of the head to the tail?

Notochord Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the structure that is homologous to the vertebrate liver?

Midgut caecum Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the fringe of ciliated tentacles that border the oral hood?

Oral cirri Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the gill bars?

To border the gill slits Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the opening located anterior to the ventral fin?

Atriopore Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Fish Characteristics

Fins have important functions
The exterior surface of the fish is covered with tough skin, which contains many mucus glands and produces scales formed in an epidermal pocket
Scales are arranged in a specific pattern
The lateral line extends from the operculum behind each eye to the base of the caudal fin and has a specific function
The lateral line is found on each side of the fish

Fish Diversity

Fishes are grouped into four classes: jawless fishes (Cl.Agnatha), extinct jawed fishes (Cl.Placodermii), cartilaginous fishes (Cl.Chondrichthyes), and bony fishes (Cl.Osteichthyes)
Cartilaginous fishes (Cl.Chondrichthyes) include sharks, chimeras, and rays
Bony fishes (Cl.Osteichthyes) are a distinct class

Cartilaginous Fish: Squalus (Dogfish Shark)

Has a cartilaginous endoskeleton
Has biting jaws and paired appendages
Has tough leathery skin covered with placoid scales
Is commonly called an elasmobranch due to its exposed gill openings

Reptilia: Lizard

Vertebrates that made the transition from water to land
Has a specific wing structure, with the segments making angles with each other like the letter Z
Has a short upper arm and a longer forearm
Has a fused wrist and hand directed caudad
Has three digits (first, second, and third)
Has a modified hind limb, with feathers and horny scales, and four digits terminating in claws
Has a ventrally directed hind limb, raising the animal high above the ground
Has a tail stump covered with large flight feathers (rectrices)

Aves: Bird

Has a modified hind limb, with feathers and horny scales, and four digits terminating in claws
Has a ventrally directed hind limb, raising the animal high above the ground
Has a tail stump covered with large flight feathers (rectrices)
Has an anus or cloaca, a transverse opening with protruding lips
Has papillae, elevated openings of the uropygial gland from which birds obtain oil for preening feathers

Mammalia: Fetal Pig

Has a body surface covered with hair
Has an integument (skin) with several types of glands
Has teeth borne on bony jaws
Has a four-chambered heart
Has a muscular diaphragm separating the thoracic and abdominal cavities
Has a head, trunk, and tail region
Has a mouth, nostrils, operculum, gills, and eyes on the head
Has an anus, urogenital opening, and fins on the ventral surface
Has dorsal, anal, caudal, pectoral, and pelvic fins

Amphibia: Toad

Includes toads, frogs, and salamanders
Is generally semi-terrestrial
Belongs to Phylum Chordata, which is divided into three subphyla: Urochordata, Cephalochordata, and Vertebrata
Shares many characteristics with other chordates, including a brain and organs of special sense housed in a cranium (skull)

Branchiostoma (Lancelets or Amphioxus)

A small, lance-shaped marine animal that swims along the sandy bottoms of coastal waters
Is a filter feeder, with a specific body structure
Has a long dorsal fin, a short ventral fin, and an enlarged caudal fin (tail)
Has short fin rays composed of connective tissue within the fins
Has a rostrum, oral hood, mouth, pharynx, gill bars, myomeres, notochord, dorsal nerve cord, intestine, midgut caecum, and atriopore

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Description

This quiz covers the characteristics and classification of phylum Chordata, including subphyla Urochordata, Cephalochordata, and Vertebrata. Learn about the shared features of chordates and their relationships. Test your knowledge of this diverse group of animals.

Phylum Chordata Characteristics