Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of the Calvin cycle?
What is the primary function of the Calvin cycle?
Where does the light reaction of photosynthesis take place?
Where does the light reaction of photosynthesis take place?
What is the first product of the C4 pathway?
What is the first product of the C4 pathway?
Which molecule acts as the H2 donor during photosynthesis?
Which molecule acts as the H2 donor during photosynthesis?
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What process occurs during non-cyclic photophosphorylation?
What process occurs during non-cyclic photophosphorylation?
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What is the reaction-center chlorophyll of photosystem I known as?
What is the reaction-center chlorophyll of photosystem I known as?
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What is the relationship between the light reactions and the Calvin cycle?
What is the relationship between the light reactions and the Calvin cycle?
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In which cell would you expect photorespiration to occur?
In which cell would you expect photorespiration to occur?
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Which of the following processes directly produces molecular oxygen (O2)?
Which of the following processes directly produces molecular oxygen (O2)?
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In a plant cell, where are the ATP synthase complexes primarily located?
In a plant cell, where are the ATP synthase complexes primarily located?
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Which of the following statements correctly describes the functioning of photosystem II?
Which of the following statements correctly describes the functioning of photosystem II?
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What is the primary purpose of the Calvin cycle?
What is the primary purpose of the Calvin cycle?
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Which molecule is gained during the reduction phase of the Calvin cycle after phosphorylation?
Which molecule is gained during the reduction phase of the Calvin cycle after phosphorylation?
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What does the chemiosmotic process in chloroplasts primarily involve?
What does the chemiosmotic process in chloroplasts primarily involve?
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How many ATP molecules are produced through substrate-level phosphorylation during glycolysis?
How many ATP molecules are produced through substrate-level phosphorylation during glycolysis?
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If there is a puncture in a thylakoid that allows the stroma to mix with the thylakoid space, which process will be most directly affected?
If there is a puncture in a thylakoid that allows the stroma to mix with the thylakoid space, which process will be most directly affected?
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Study Notes
Photosynthesis
- CAM plants close stomata during the day to conserve water, fixing CO2 into organic acids at night.
- C4 plants use PEP carboxylase to initially fix CO2, preventing photorespiration.
- Photorespiration is expected to occur in cell I.
- Non-cyclic photophosphorylation reduces NADP+.
- The Calvin cycle forms 1 glucose molecule from 6 CO2, 18 ATP, and 12 NADPH.
- Light reactions occur in the grana of the chloroplast.
- Excited chlorophyll molecules in PS-l transfer electrons to pheophytin.
- Non-cyclic photophosphorylation produces ATP and NADPH.
- Maximum photosynthesis occurs in red light.
- The first CO2 acceptor in C4 plants is phosphoenolpyruvate.
- The first product of the C4 pathway is oxaloacetate.
- Robert Emerson proposed the two pigment system theory of photosynthesis.
- NADPH acts as the H2 donor during photosynthesis.
- The light-dependent reactions provide ATP and NADPH to the Calvin cycle, which in turn returns ADP, P, and NADP+ to the light reactions.
- The Calvin cycle produces simple sugars from carbon dioxide.
- Oxygen is released as a byproduct during the splitting of water molecules during the light-dependent reactions.
- Photosystem I pigment P700 best absorbs light with a 700 nm wavelength.
- Wavelengths and energy per photon are inversely related.
- Photosynthesis splits carbon dioxide into oxygen and carbon compounds.
- Reduction of NADP+ occurs during photosynthesis.
- ATP synthesis via chemiosmosis occurs in both photosynthesis and respiration.
- Electron transport chain molecules are found in the inner membrane of mitochondria.
- The Calvin cycle alone produces simple sugars.
- The Calvin cycle alone requires CO2.
- Light reactions alone produce molecular oxygen (O2), NADPH, and light absorption.
- Both the light reactions and the Calvin cycle require ATP.
- Neither the light reactions nor the Calvin cycle produce NADH.
- Light absorption and funneling to reaction-center chlorophylls occur in the light reactions of photosynthesis.
- Photosystem II replaces electron vacancies in P680 with electrons from water.
- Photosystem I receives electrons from plastocyanin and passes them to plastoquinone.
- Damage to the thylakoid membrane hinders ATP synthesis.
- Chemiosmosis in chloroplasts establishes a proton gradient.
- ATP synthase complexes are in thylakoid membranes and inner mitochondrial membranes.
- Chemiosmosis in chloroplasts moves protons from the stroma to the thylakoid space.
Cellular Respiration
- The electron transport chain takes place in the inner membrane of the mitochondria.
- NADH is the oxidized form of a molecule yielding 3 ATP.
- Substrate-level phosphorylation produces 4 ATP.
- Citric acid/Krebs cycle's first product is citric acid.
- Glycolysis produces two 3-carbon compounds (glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate).
- Pyruvate is a byproduct of glycolysis.
Additional Considerations
- Glucose -> 4 Pyruvic acid requires 2 glucose molecules.
- FADH2 is the reduced form of Flavin Adenine Dinucleotide (FAD). (Note: This was in the original, and assumed to be a detail for the student)
- The preparatory stage of cellular respiration occurs in the cytoplasm.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the processes of photosynthesis, including the differences between CAM and C4 plants, the role of chlorophyll, and the Calvin cycle. This quiz covers the key concepts and chemical reactions involved in how plants convert light energy into chemical energy.
