Photosynthesis Quiz Chapter 5

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT a reactant in photosynthesis?

Water

Sunlight

Oxygen (correct)

Carbon dioxide

What is the primary function of chlorophyll in photosynthesis?

Regulating the rate of photosynthesis

Converting carbon dioxide into glucose

Absorbing sunlight energy (correct)

Transporting water to the leaves

Which of the following statements accurately describes the role of the light-dependent stage of photosynthesis?

It is responsible for the release of carbon dioxide.

It directly converts carbon dioxide into glucose.

It produces ATP and NADPH, which are used in the light-independent stage. (correct)

It occurs primarily in the stroma of the chloroplast.

Which of the following factors would NOT increase the rate of photosynthesis?

Decreasing the temperature (B) Signup and view all the answers

During photosynthesis, where does the light-dependent stage take place?

Grana (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary source of electrons used during photosynthesis?

Water (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a benefit of photosynthesis?

Direct production of fossil fuels (D) Signup and view all the answers

How does increasing the carbon dioxide concentration in a greenhouse affect photosynthesis?

It increases the rate of the Calvin cycle (light-independent reactions). (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is TRUE about the dark stage of photosynthesis?

It utilizes the products of the light stage to produce carbohydrates. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason plants appear green?

They reflect green light more than other colors. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the electron transport chain in cyclic photophosphorylation?

To release energy for ATP production. (C) Signup and view all the answers

During cyclic photophosphorylation, what happens to the electrons once they have passed through the electron transport chain?

They return to the reaction center chlorophyll. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the MAIN function of the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis?

To produce ATP and NADPH. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors directly affects the rate of the dark stage of photosynthesis?

The temperature. (C) Signup and view all the answers

During the light-dependent reactions, what molecule directly receives the energized electrons from the reaction center chlorophyll?

Electron acceptor. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the electron transport chain in the overall process of photosynthesis?

It generates ATP used in the dark stage. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of NADPH in the light-dependent stage of photosynthesis?

It carries electrons to the dark stage reactions and provides protons for the reduction of carbon dioxide. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the light-dependent stage is TRUE?

Light energy is used to split water molecules, releasing oxygen. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of ATP in the dark stage reactions?

To provide energy to power the reactions that convert carbon dioxide into glucose. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the proton pool in photosynthesis?

To provide protons for the reduction of carbon dioxide. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of adding excess sodium bicarbonate to the water in the experiment?

To provide a source of carbon dioxide for photosynthesis. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the electron transport chain during the light-dependent reactions?

It uses the energy of electrons to produce ATP. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Why is Elodea used in this experiment?

Elodea is a plant that is easily visible, making the release of oxygen bubbles easier to observe. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important that the electrons do not return to the chlorophyll after they have been energized?

They are needed to reduce carbon dioxide in the dark stage reactions. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the stomata in photosynthesis?

To absorb carbon dioxide. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to maintain a constant temperature in the experiment?

All of the above. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Why is the elodea allowed to adjust to the new conditions for 5 minutes before counting the bubbles?

To allow the plant to acclimate to the new light intensity. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of chlorophyll in photosynthesis?

To capture light energy and transfer it to electrons. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the limiting factor when the rate of photosynthesis plateaus?

Temperature. (B), Carbon dioxide concentration. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of repeating the experiment three times and finding the average?

To increase the reliability of the experiment. (D) Signup and view all the answers

How does light intensity affect the rate of photosynthesis?

Light intensity has a positive effect on the rate of photosynthesis, but only up to a certain point. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is likely to happen to the rate of photosynthesis if the temperature of the water bath is increased?

The rate of photosynthesis will initially increase, then decrease. (A), The rate of photosynthesis will increase. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Photosynthesis

Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants produce their own food (glucose) using light energy from sunlight, trapped by chlorophyll.
The overall reaction is: 6CO₂ + 6H₂O → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ (carbon dioxide + water → glucose + oxygen).
Photosynthesis occurs in chloroplasts within plant cells.
Chlorophyll absorbs light energy, which is the source of electrons.
Photosynthesis is divided into two stages: light-dependent and light-independent (dark) reactions.

Light-dependent Reactions

These reactions occur in the grana of chloroplasts.
Light energy is absorbed by pigments (e.g., chlorophyll) which transfer energy until it reaches the reaction center chlorophyll.
This energizes electrons which are then transferred to an electron transport chain.
As electrons move along the chain, they lose energy, which is used to form ATP (adenosine triphosphate) through a process called photophosphorylation.
Water is split (photolysis) to replace lost electrons in chlorophyll.
ATP and NADPH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate) are produced, which carry energy and reduce power to the dark stage reducing reactions.
Oxygen is released as a byproduct.

Light-independent Reactions (Dark Reactions)

These reactions occur in the stroma of the chloroplast.
They do not directly require light but use the ATP and NADPH produced in the light-dependent stage.
CO₂ from the atmosphere enters the chloroplast.
CO₂ combines with hydrogen ions (protons) from NADPH and energy from ATP to form glucose.
The glucose is then converted into other organic compounds like starch or cellulose.
The ADP and NADP+ return to the light-dependent stage to be reused.

Factors Affecting Photosynthesis

Light intensity: increases the rate until a saturation point is reached.
Carbon dioxide concentration: increases the rate until saturation point reached.
Temperature: affects the rate; has an optimum temperature.
Chlorophyll concentration: affects the rate; affects the light absorbed.

Role of Photosynthesis

Produce food for plants and animals.
Produce oxygen for aerobic respiration.
Remove carbon dioxide from the air.
Responsible for forming fossil fuels.

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Description

Test your knowledge about the process of photosynthesis with this quiz. Focus on the reactants, stages, and functions involved in photosynthesis, as covered in Chapter 5. Answer questions about chlorophyll, light-dependent reactions, and factors affecting photosynthesis.