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Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of the light-dependent reactions in photosynthesis?
What is the primary function of the light-dependent reactions in photosynthesis?
- To generate ATP and NADPH from light energy (correct)
- To produce oxygen as a byproduct
- To synthesize glucose from water and carbon dioxide
- To convert CO2 into organic compounds
In which part of the chloroplast do the light-independent reactions take place?
In which part of the chloroplast do the light-independent reactions take place?
- Thylakoid membranes
- Chloroplast membrane
- Mitochondria
- Stroma (correct)
What is the byproduct of photosynthesis that is essential for most living organisms?
What is the byproduct of photosynthesis that is essential for most living organisms?
- NADPH
- Glucose
- Oxygen (correct)
- ATP
What is the overall equation for photosynthesis?
What is the overall equation for photosynthesis?
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What is the role of ATP and NADPH in the light-independent reactions?
What is the role of ATP and NADPH in the light-independent reactions?
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What factor affects photosynthesis by influencing the rate of light absorption?
What factor affects photosynthesis by influencing the rate of light absorption?
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Study Notes
Photosynthesis
Overview
- Process by which plants, algae, and some bacteria convert light energy from the sun into chemical energy in the form of organic compounds
- Occurs in specialized organelles called chloroplasts
Light-Dependent Reactions
- Light absorption by pigments such as chlorophyll and other accessory pigments
- Energy from light is used to generate ATP and NADPH
- Takes place in the thylakoid membranes of the chloroplast
Light-Independent Reactions (Calvin Cycle)
- Fixation of CO2 into organic compounds using ATP and NADPH produced in the light-dependent reactions
- Also known as the Calvin-Benson cycle
- Takes place in the stroma of the chloroplast
Equation
- 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + light energy → C6H12O6 (glucose) + 6 O2
Factors Affecting Photosynthesis
- Light intensity
- Temperature
- Water availability
- CO2 concentration
Importance of Photosynthesis
- Produces oxygen (O2) as a byproduct, which is essential for most living organisms
- Provides energy and organic compounds for the food chain
- Supports nearly all life on Earth
Photosynthesis
Definition and Location
- The process by which plants, algae, and some bacteria convert light energy into chemical energy in the form of organic compounds
- Occurs in specialized organelles called chloroplasts
Light-Dependent Reactions
- Absorption of light by pigments such as chlorophyll and other accessory pigments
- Energy from light generates ATP and NADPH
- Takes place in thylakoid membranes of the chloroplast
Light-Independent Reactions (Calvin Cycle)
- CO2 fixation into organic compounds using ATP and NADPH produced in light-dependent reactions
- Also known as the Calvin-Benson cycle
- Takes place in the stroma of the chloroplast
Photosynthesis Equation
- 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + light energy → C6H12O6 (glucose) + 6 O2
Factors Affecting Photosynthesis
- Light intensity: affects the rate of photosynthesis
- Temperature: optimal temperatures range between 20-30°C
- Water availability: essential for photosynthesis
- CO2 concentration: affects the rate of photosynthesis
Importance of Photosynthesis
- Produces oxygen (O2) as a byproduct, essential for most living organisms
- Provides energy and organic compounds for the food chain
- Supports nearly all life on Earth
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