Photosynthesis Process in Chloroplasts Quiz

Bendall: “Z” scheme of photosynthetic transfer of ______ 1961

P.Mitchel*: chemiosmotic theory of ______ 1966

MD Hatch & CR Slack: ______ in C4 plants 1971

NE Toulbert: explained the mechanism of ______

The raw materials of photosynthesis enter the cells of the leaf Water and ______

The products of photosynthesis leave the leaf Sugar and ______

Photosynthesis is the process that occurs in the ______, in the presence of light, CO2 is assimilated to form carbohydrate and oxygen

The process that converts electromagnetic energy in the visible region of the light spectrum into chemical energy (NADPH and ATP) utilized in enzymatic reactions that convert CO2 into organic molecule is called ______

The overall reaction in photosynthesis is an oxidation-reduction reaction: Oxidation of ______ 2H2O → 4 electrons + 4 protons + O2

Reduction of CO2 to form organic compounds through the transfer of electrons from donor to acceptor molecule occurs in ______

S.Hales in 1721 stated that light and air are the source of nutrition for ______

In 1939, R.Hill measured O2 production in chloroplasts after the addition of an electron acceptor known as ______

Water molecules are split, releasing oxygen (O2) as a byproduct. Light-independent reactions use ______ in ATP and NADPH to drive synthesis of glucose and other carbohydrates from CO2 and water.

Light-independent reactions occur in the ______ of the chloroplasts and do not directly require light.

In the first stage of photosynthesis, light energy drives electrons out of ______.

Electrons may be used in a noncyclic or cyclic pathway of ______ formation.

Light-harvesting complexes absorb the energy from excited electrons, acting like ______ that capture and transfer energy to reaction centers.

Electrons from Photosystem II enter an electron transfer chain. Energy lost by the electrons as they move through the chain causes H+ to be pumped from the stroma into the ______ compartment.

Photosystem I primarily absorbs light at a wavelength of 700 nanometers (P700). It is involved in cyclic photophosphorylation and the production of NADPH. What is the missing word?

Photosystem II primarily absorbs light at a wavelength of 680 nanometers (P680). It initiates noncyclic electron flow and facilitates the splitting of water molecules during the light-dependent reactions. What is the missing word?

The Cytochrome b6f ______ facilitates electron transfer between Photosystem II and Photosystem I, pumping protons into the thylakoid lumen to create a proton gradient. What is the missing word?

______ synthase complex is an enzyme complex that synthesizes ______ using the proton gradient generated by the Cytochrome b6f complex. What is the missing word?

During photosynthesis, the ______ membrane is where the production of oxygen, hydrogen ions, and electrons occurs. What is the missing word?

In the CO2 uptake phase, the enzyme rubisco combines CO2 with ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP) to form 3-carbon phosphoglycerate (PGA). This phase is also known as the ______ phase.

During the Carbon Reduction Phase, energy from ATP and NADPH convert PGA molecules to glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P). For each 6 CO2 fixed, 12 G3P are produced. 2 G3P leave the cycle to produce 1 ______.

In the RuBP Regeneration Phase, the remaining G3P molecules are modified to regenerate ______.

During Carbon Fixation, six molecules of carbon dioxide (CO2) are fixed into the photosynthetic cell. Enzyme Rubisco attaches each CO2 to a molecule of RuBP, resulting in the formation of twelve molecules of 3-phosphoglycerate (PGA). This process happens in the ______ phase of the Calvin-Benson Cycle.

In the Reduction Phase of the Calvin-Benson Cycle, each PGA molecule receives a phosphate group from ATP and hydrogen atoms (along with electrons) from NADPH. Twelve molecules of an intermediate called 3-phosphoglyceraldehyde (PGAL) are formed, also known as ______.

The Formation of Glucose involves two PGAL molecules combining to form one molecule of ______.