Photosynthesis Overview Quiz

An organism that produces its own food using energy from sunlight or other non-biological sources.

An organism that cannot produce its own food and gets energy by consuming other organisms.

A type of autotroph that uses sunlight to produce food (energy).

The process where plants use sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into sugars (carbohydrates).

A series of organisms that transfer energy by eating and being eaten.

Ultimately, the energy obtained by heterotrophs comes from the autotrophs in the food chain.

Autotrophs are the foundation of the food chain, providing energy for all other organisms.

A deer or a wolf are animals, organisms unable to produce their own food.

Sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water are the starting materials for photosynthesis.

Oxygen and sugar (glucose) are the output of photosynthesis.

The middle layer of leaf cells where photosynthesis mainly occurs.

Food like breads, cereals, and meats all originate, directly or indirectly, from photosynthesis.

The sugar produced during photosynthesis provides the energy for plant growth and other life processes.

CO2 + H2O + Sunlight → Sugar + O2

Photosynthesis provides the energy base for most life on Earth and produces oxygen.

Tiny openings on plant leaves that regulate gas exchange, allowing carbon dioxide in for photosynthesis and oxygen out.

Organelles within plant cells where photosynthesis takes place, containing chlorophyll for capturing sunlight.

Stacked, disc-shaped compartments within chloroplasts, containing chlorophyll for capturing light energy.

A stack of thylakoids within a chloroplast, working together to capture light energy.

The fluid surrounding the thylakoids in a chloroplast, where the Calvin cycle of photosynthesis occurs.

The first stage of photosynthesis taking place in the thylakoid membrane, using sunlight to produce chemical energy and oxygen.

The second stage of photosynthesis occurring in the stroma, using chemical energy from light reactions to make sugars from carbon dioxide.

The range of all possible wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation, each with a different energy level.

Longer wavelengths carry less energy, while shorter wavelengths carry more energy.

The portion of the electromagnetic spectrum that humans can see, appearing as a rainbow of colors.

Molecules that absorb specific wavelengths of visible light, reflecting the colors they don't absorb.

The main pigment used in photosynthesis, appearing green because it absorbs blue and red light.

Additional pigments like chlorophyll b and carotenoids absorb different wavelengths of light, expanding the range of sunlight plants can use.

Light energy is absorbed by pigments, initiating the process of photosynthesis, the production of sugars.

Different wavelengths of visible light correspond to different colors: shorter wavelengths are violet/blue, longer wavelengths are red.

NADH carries energy from the citric acid cycle to the electron transport chain within the mitochondria.

ATP and NADPH are the energy carriers produced in the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis.

The difference in proton (H+) concentration and charge across the thylakoid membrane creates an electrochemical gradient.

The movement of hydrogen ions down their electrochemical gradient through ATP synthase to produce ATP.

ATP synthase is a protein complex that allows hydrogen ions to pass through the thylakoid membrane, generating ATP.

The process of ATP production using light energy in photosynthesis.

NADPH is created by energizing an electron from the electron transport chain with light energy in photosystem I.

Carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere is the source of carbon atoms for building carbohydrate molecules in photosynthesis.

The carbon atoms used to build carbohydrate molecules in plants come from carbon dioxide (CO2) absorbed from the atmosphere.

The Calvin cycle reactions happen in the stroma, the fluid-filled space inside chloroplasts, within the mesophyll cells of leaves.

RuBisCO is an enzyme that catalyzes (speeds up) the reaction between CO2 and RuBP, the first step of the Calvin cycle.

RuBP is a 5-carbon sugar molecule that combines with CO2 to begin the Calvin cycle.

Carbon fixation is the process of taking inorganic CO2 from the air and incorporating it into organic molecules, like sugars.

In the Calvin cycle, reduction reactions involve using energy from ATP and NADPH to convert 3-PGA into G3P.

One G3P molecule from the Calvin cycle leaves to contribute to the formation of carbohydrates, primarily glucose.