Photosynthesis: Light to Energy
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Questions and Answers

In the chemical equation for photosynthesis, which of the following accurately describes the roles of carbon dioxide and water?

  • Carbon dioxide is a reactant, while water is released as a byproduct.
  • Water is a reactant, and carbon dioxide is released as a byproduct.
  • Both carbon dioxide and water are products formed as a result of photosynthesis.
  • Both carbon dioxide and water are reactants needed to produce glucose. (correct)

During photosynthesis, the light-dependent reactions and light-independent reactions occur in different parts of the chloroplast. Where do these stages primarily take place?

  • Light-dependent reactions occur in the stroma, and light-independent reactions occur in the granum.
  • Both stages occur in the granum of the chloroplast.
  • Both stages occur in the stroma of the chloroplast.
  • Light-dependent reactions occur in the granum, and light-independent reactions occur in the stroma. (correct)

The first stage of photosynthesis is described as 'light-dependent' because it directly relies on sunlight for a crucial step. What is the primary role of sunlight in this stage?

  • Sunlight is used to break down glucose molecules to release energy.
  • Sunlight provides the energy to convert carbon dioxide into glucose.
  • Sunlight directly facilitates the uptake of carbon dioxide through the stoma.
  • Sunlight's energy is captured by chlorophyll and used to split water molecules. (correct)

Glucose produced during photosynthesis is a form of stored energy. How does a plant primarily access and utilize the energy stored in glucose?

<p>Glucose is broken down through cellular respiration to release usable energy. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

While plants are well-known for photosynthesis, other organisms also perform this process. Which of the following groups includes organisms capable of photosynthesis, besides plants?

<p>Plant-like protists and cyanobacteria (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During the first stage of photosynthesis, what key processes occur within the plant?

<p>Sunlight is absorbed by chlorophyll, and water molecules are split into hydrogen and oxygen. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the photosynthesis equation $6H_2O + 6CO_2 \rightarrow C_6H_{12}O_6 + 6O_2$, what do $C_6H_{12}O_6$ and $6O_2$ represent respectively?

<p>Glucose and oxygen. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a plant were placed in an environment devoid of carbon dioxide, how would this affect its ability to perform photosynthesis?

<p>The plant would be unable to produce glucose, impairing its food supply. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the crucial role of chlorophyll in the process of photosynthesis?

<p>To absorb light energy, converting it into chemical energy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are the products of photosynthesis crucial for both the plant and other life forms?

<p>The glucose provides the plant with energy, and the oxygen supports respiration in other organisms. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Photosynthesis

The process plants use to convert light energy into sugar, using carbon dioxide and water.

Chlorophyll

Green pigment in plant cells that allows plants to convert light energy.

Reactants of Photosynthesis

Water, carbon dioxide, and sunlight which are required for photosynthesis to happen.

Products of Photosynthesis

The two main products of photosynthesis. Glucose is food for the plant, and oxygen is it's waste gas

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Photosynthesis Equation

6H₂O + 6CO₂ → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂

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Chemical Equation

A representation showing how reactants transform into products using chemical formulas.

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Reactants

The ingredients (water and carbon dioxide) that react in photosynthesis.

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Products

The outputs (glucose and oxygen) formed from photosynthesis.

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Chloroplast

The organelle in plant cells where photosynthesis occurs, containing chlorophyll.

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Autotroph

Organisms that produce their own food, like plants through photosynthesis.

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Study Notes

  • Photosynthesis is how plants convert light energy from the sun into sugar, using carbon dioxide and water.
  • Oxygen is created as a result of the above process

Photosynthesis Explained

  • Photo, from the Greek word for light, plus synthesis, meaning combining things, defines photosynthesis as "to put together with the help of light".
  • Chlorophyll, a green pigment in plant cells' chloroplasts, enables the conversion of light energy.

The Process

  • Photosynthesis occurs in two stages, converting water, carbon dioxide, and sunlight into energy the plant can use
  • Chlorophyll converts the light energy from the sun into energy the plant uses.
  • Next the plant then uses this energy to break the bonds of the water and carbon dioxide molecules, then uses the atoms to build glucose and oxygen molecules.

Stage One

  • Reactants like water, carbon dioxide, and sunlight enter plant cells where chlorophyll absorbs sunlight.
  • Radiant energy transforms into chemical energy, NADPH and ATP.
  • Water molecules break into hydrogen and oxygen atoms; some energy is stored for stage two.

Stage Two

  • Energy breaks carbon dioxide bonds.
  • Hydrogen and oxygen atoms from water, plus carbon and oxygen atoms from carbon dioxide, create glucose molecules.
  • Oxygen is released as waste into the atmosphere, glucose becomes food for the plant

Photosynthesis Equation Defined

  • 6H₂O + 6CO₂ → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ models photosynthesis.
  • H₂O - water, CO₂ - carbon dioxide, C₆H₁₂O₆ - glucose, O₂ - oxygen molecule.
  • Six water and carbon dioxide molecules create one glucose molecule and six oxygen molecules.
  • Water, carbon dioxide, and sunlight are the reactants that react to form glucose and oxygen.

Location of Photosynthesis

  • The two stages occur in a plant cell's chloroplast.
  • Chloroplasts, unique to plant cells, contain chlorophyll.
  • Chlorophyll, a pigment molecule, absorbs light and gives plants their green color.
  • Water and carbon dioxide enter the chloroplast, where chlorophyll in the granum absorbs sunlight.
  • Stage one is light dependent, stage two is light independent.
  • Photons break water bonds in stage one, releasing oxygen through stoma and some become hydrogen atoms.
  • ATP energy breaks carbon dioxide bonds and builds glucose molecules in the stroma.

Products Defined

  • Glucose and oxygen are produced.
  • Oxygen releases through stoma.
  • Glucose, a sugar, stores chemical energy that is broken down during cellular respiration.

Photosynthesis in Other Organisms

  • Autotrophs make their own food; heterotrophs must find food.
  • Plant-like protists and cyanobacteria also photosynthesize.
  • Protists' plastids contain light-absorbing pigment molecules and can lead to different algae colors.
  • Cyanobacteria uses the same reactants and products as plants
  • Bacteriochlorophyll aids bacteria in creating food

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Photosynthesis is how plants convert light energy from the sun into sugar, using carbon dioxide and water. This process occurs in two stages, converting water, carbon dioxide, and sunlight into energy the plant can use. Oxygen is created as a result of the above process

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