Photosynthesis Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

What is diffusion?

The movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to lower concentration.

What is osmosis?

The diffusion of water through a cell membrane.

What is active transport?

The movement of a substance through a cell membrane that requires energy.

What is the cell membrane?

The part of the cell that allows substances to pass in or out. Signup and view all the answers

What is photosynthesis?

The process that transfers light energy into chemical energy. Signup and view all the answers

What is respiration?

The process by which animal cells obtain energy from glucose. Signup and view all the answers

What is a product?

The substance obtained from another substance through a chemical change. Signup and view all the answers

What is a reactant?

The substances needed to produce another substance. Signup and view all the answers

What are producers?

An organism that makes its own food. Signup and view all the answers

What are chloroplasts?

The organelle in plants responsible for transferring light energy into chemical energy. Signup and view all the answers

What is chlorophyll?

A pigment that captures the energy in sunlight. Signup and view all the answers

What are pigments?

Substances that give leaves their color and absorb light. Signup and view all the answers

What part of a plant takes in water and nutrients from the soil?

Roots. Signup and view all the answers

What is soil?

The place where the plant gets nutrients, such as nitrogen and magnesium. Signup and view all the answers

What are stomata?

Openings on the leaves of plants that let Carbon Dioxide (CO2) in and Oxygen (O2) out. Signup and view all the answers

What does xylem do?

Transports water up from the soil. Signup and view all the answers

What are the reactants and products of photosynthesis?

Reactants are Carbon Dioxide, Water, and Sunlight; Products are Glucose and Oxygen. Signup and view all the answers

What are the reactants and products of respiration?

Reactants are Glucose and Oxygen; Products are Carbon Dioxide, Water, and Energy. Signup and view all the answers

Where do organisms get their energy?

All organisms get their energy either directly or indirectly from the sun. Signup and view all the answers

What is needed for a plant to make carbohydrates, proteins, and fats?

Glucose (Sugar). Signup and view all the answers

What is the original source of energy that allows the process of photosynthesis to occur?

Sunlight. Signup and view all the answers

What is the equation for photosynthesis?

6CO2 + 6H2O + sunlight = C6H12O6 + 6O2 Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which water and carbon dioxide produce carbohydrates, proteins, and fats?

Photosynthesis Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Cell Transport Mechanisms

Diffusion: Movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to low concentration.
Osmosis: Specific type of diffusion, involving the movement of water through a cell membrane.
Active Transport: Movement of substances across a cell membrane that requires energy.

Photosynthesis Overview

Photosynthesis: Process converting light energy into chemical energy, producing food (carbohydrates, proteins, fats) for plants and certain organisms.
Influenced by light intensity and temperature; optimal conditions enhance the rate of photosynthesis.
Chloroplasts: Organelles in plant leaves where photosynthesis occurs, converting reactants to products.

Key Components of Photosynthesis

Chlorophyll: Pigment in chloroplasts that absorbs sunlight and initiates photosynthesis.
Reactants: Carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight are essential for photosynthesis.
Products: Glucose (sugar) and oxygen are produced by the process.

Role of Plant Structures

Roots: Absorb water and nutrients (e.g., nitrogen, magnesium) from the soil.
Soil: Provides necessary nutrients for plant growth.
Stomata: Openings on leaves allowing gas exchange—carbon dioxide in and oxygen out.
Xylem: Vascular tissue in stems transporting water from roots to the rest of the plant.

Energy Flow in Ecosystems

Producers: Organisms, primarily plants, that create their own food through photosynthesis.
Energy Source: All organisms derive energy directly or indirectly from sunlight.

Cellular Respiration

Respiration: Process by which animal cells extract energy from glucose, releasing carbon dioxide as waste.
Reactants for respiration include glucose and oxygen; products are carbon dioxide, water, and energy.

Chemical Equations

Photosynthesis Equation:
- 6CO2 + 6H2O + sunlight → C6H12O6 + 6O2
Respiration Equation:
- C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy
Photosynthesis and respiration are inversely related processes.

Importance of Photosynthesis

Plants utilize sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide to produce glucose, the carbohydrate necessary for energy, growth, and survival.
Glucose can be utilized immediately or stored for later use; it can also be transformed into complex carbohydrates, proteins, and fats for various metabolic functions.

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Description

Explore key concepts in photosynthesis with these flashcards. Each card defines critical terms such as diffusion, osmosis, and active transport that are essential for understanding cellular processes. Test your knowledge and enhance your comprehension of cellular biology.