Photosynthesis and Its Importance
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary source of energy for life on earth?

  • Photosynthesis
  • Energy from the earth's core
  • Energy derived from the sun (correct)
  • Atmospheric oxygen

    • What is the annual rate of sugar fixation through photosynthesis?

  • 500 billion tonnes
  • 100 billion tonnes
  • 250 billion tonnes (correct)
  • 200 billion tonnes

    • What is the byproduct of photosynthesis that is responsible for the rise of atmospheric oxygen?

  • H2O
  • O2 (correct)
  • CO2
  • CHO

    • What is the primary source of food for humans and animals?

    <p>Plants only</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process by which organisms can harvest energy from the sun?

    <p>Photosynthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the source of the therapeutic drug aspirin?

    <p>Bark of willow trees</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process by which organisms can survive for extended periods without eating?

    <p>Endosymbiosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key component of the light reactions in photosynthesis?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the pigment responsible for absorbing light that powers photosynthesis?

    <p>Chlorophyll a</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the organelle in which photosynthesis takes place?

    <p>Chloroplast</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the proton gradient in photosynthesis?

    <p>To drive the ATP synthase to generate ATP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of switching photosystem 1 into cyclic mode?

    <p>To generate more ATP without producing NADPH</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of cyclic photophosphorylation in C4 plants?

    <p>It provides an ATP source in the bundle sheath chloroplasts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of rubisco in photosynthesis?

    <p>To fix carbon dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of rubisco fixing oxygen instead of carbon dioxide?

    <p>Photorespiration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of malate or aspartate in C4 plants?

    <p>To shuttle CO2 from mesophyll cells to bundle sheath cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of CAM plants that helps them conserve water?

    <p>Closed stomata during the day</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of carbonic anhydrases in algae?

    <p>To facilitate inorganic carbon uptake</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between C4 and CAM plants?

    <p>C4 plants shuttle CO2, while CAM plants store CO2 as malic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the electron transport chain in photosynthesis?

    <p>Production of oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of carotenoids in photosynthesis?

    <p>To pass absorbed light energy to chlorophyll a and provide photo protection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the oxygen evolving complex catalysing the splitting of two water molecules?

    <p>H2O = H+ + O2 + 4E-</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process by which PS1 can generate more ATP without producing NADPH?

    <p>Cyclic electron flow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the proton gradient in photosynthesis?

    <p>To drive the ATP synthase to generate ATP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the electron transport chain in photosynthesis?

    <p>To generate ATP and NADPH</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the type of photosynthesis used by some C4 plants?

    <p>C4 pathway</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the net equation of photosynthesis?

    <p>CO2 + H2O = CHO + O2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of rubisco fixing oxygen instead of carbon dioxide?

    <p>Photorespiration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process by which algae take up inorganic carbon?

    <p>Inorganic carbon uptake system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of chlorophyll a in photosynthesis?

    <p>To absorb light energy and power photosynthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of photosynthesis in the global carbon cycle?

    <p>To fix carbon dioxide into organic compounds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the annual rate of sugar fixation by photosynthesis?

    <p>250 billion tonnes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following organisms is an example of endosymbiosis?

    <p>Green marine sea slugs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary source of energy for the production of therapeutic drugs such as Vinblastine and Vincristine?

    <p>Plants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the byproduct of photosynthesis that is responsible for the rise of atmospheric oxygen?

    <p>Oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key component of the light reactions that absorbs light energy?

    <p>Pigments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the chloroplast in photosynthesis?

    <p>To absorb light energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of photosynthesis in the production of food for humans and animals?

    <p>To produce glucose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of the rise of atmospheric oxygen due to photosynthesis?

    <p>The possibility of aerobic respiration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of photosynthesis in the ecosystem?

    <p>To provide energy for living organisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the energy fate that involves the transfer of energy from a negative charged high-energy electron to another nearby molecule?

    <p>Transferring energy from a negative charged high-energy electron to another nearby molecule</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the pigment that absorbs light in the blue-violet range, passes absorbed light energy to chlorophyll a, and provides photo protection?

    <p>Carotenoids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process by which the proton gradient drives the ATP synthase to generate ATP?

    <p>Electron transport chain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the oxygen evolving complex in photosynthesis?

    <p>Catalysing the splitting of two water molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process by which some organisms can survive for extended periods without eating?

    <p>Kleptoplasty</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the source of energy for life on earth?

    <p>Photosynthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the pigment responsible for absorbing light that powers photosynthesis in plants, algae, and cyanobacteria?

    <p>Chlorophyll a</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the byproduct of photosynthesis that is responsible for the rise of atmospheric oxygen?

    <p>O2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process by which organisms can harvest energy from the sun?

    <p>Photosynthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the organelle in which photosynthesis takes place?

    <p>Chloroplast</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the proton gradient in photosynthesis?

    <p>To drive the ATP synthase to generate ATP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the outcome of the coupling of PS2 and PS1?

    <p>Boosting of electrons to produce NADPH</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of cyclic photophosphorylation in C4 plants?

    <p>It generates ATP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of rubisco fixing oxygen instead of carbon dioxide?

    <p>Photorespiration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of carbonic anhydrases in algae?

    <p>To facilitate inorganic carbon uptake</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of malate or aspartate in C4 plants?

    <p>To shuttle CO2 from mesophyll cells to bundle sheath cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of CAM plants that helps them conserve water?

    <p>Stomata remain shut during the day</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between C4 and CAM plants?

    <p>C4 plants have a different mechanism of CO2 fixation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the outcome of the electron transport chain in photosynthesis?

    <p>Generation of ATP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the proton gradient in cyclic electron flow?

    <p>To generate ATP</p> Signup and view all the answers

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