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Questions and Answers
Autotrophs, such as animals and fungi, obtain energy by consuming other organisms.
Autotrophs, such as animals and fungi, obtain energy by consuming other organisms.
False (B)
Chlorophyll absorbs green light, which is why plants appear green.
Chlorophyll absorbs green light, which is why plants appear green.
False (B)
The Calvin Cycle occurs in the thylakoid membranes of the chloroplast, where ATP and NADPH are used to synthesize glucose.
The Calvin Cycle occurs in the thylakoid membranes of the chloroplast, where ATP and NADPH are used to synthesize glucose.
False (B)
Photosynthesis is the process by which plants use sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to produce glucose and oxygen.
Photosynthesis is the process by which plants use sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to produce glucose and oxygen.
The light-dependent reactions produce ATP and NADPH, which are then used to synthesize glucose in the Krebs cycle.
The light-dependent reactions produce ATP and NADPH, which are then used to synthesize glucose in the Krebs cycle.
$CO_2$ is released as byproduct of photosynthesis.
$CO_2$ is released as byproduct of photosynthesis.
Dead lignin provides rigidity and strength in plant cell walls, remaining even after the plant dies.
Dead lignin provides rigidity and strength in plant cell walls, remaining even after the plant dies.
Mitochondria are the primary sites of photosynthesis, converting light energy into chemical energy stored in glucose.
Mitochondria are the primary sites of photosynthesis, converting light energy into chemical energy stored in glucose.
The main function of NADPH is to carry electrons and hydrogen, contributing to the reduction process during the Calvin Cycle.
The main function of NADPH is to carry electrons and hydrogen, contributing to the reduction process during the Calvin Cycle.
The function of photosynthesis is to release ATP from glucose.
The function of photosynthesis is to release ATP from glucose.
Flashcards
Chloroplast
Chloroplast
An organelle in plant cells where photosynthesis occurs, converting light energy into chemical energy.
Chlorophyll
Chlorophyll
A green pigment in chloroplasts that absorbs light energy for photosynthesis.
Autotrophs
Autotrophs
Organisms that produce their own food using sunlight or chemical energy.
Glucose
Glucose
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Carbon dioxide (CO₂)
Carbon dioxide (CO₂)
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Oxygen (O₂)
Oxygen (O₂)
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Light-dependent & Calvin Cycle
Light-dependent & Calvin Cycle
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Thylakoid
Thylakoid
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Reflects
Reflects
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ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate)
ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate)
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Study Notes
- Chloroplasts are plant cell organelles where photosynthesis converts light energy into chemical energy.
- Chlorophyll is a green pigment in chloroplasts that absorbs light energy for photosynthesis.
- Autotrophs, like plants and algae, produce their own food using sunlight or chemical energy.
- Glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆) is a simple sugar that serves as an energy source for cells and is produced during photosynthesis.
- Plants absorb carbon dioxide (CO₂) during photosynthesis to produce glucose and oxygen.
- Oxygen (O₂) is released as a byproduct of photosynthesis and is essential for respiration in animals and humans.
- The two main stages of photosynthesis are light-dependent reactions and the Calvin Cycle.
- Light-dependent reactions produce ATP and NADPH.
- The Calvin Cycle uses ATP and NADPH to form glucose.
- Thylakoids are membrane-bound structures inside chloroplasts where light-dependent reactions occur.
- Reflection is the process where an object bounces light off its surface. Chlorophyll reflects green light, making plants appear green.
- ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate) is the main energy carrier molecule in cells, providing energy for cellular processes.
- The Calvin Cycle, the second stage of photosynthesis, occurs in the stroma.
- ATP and NADPH are used to synthesize glucose in the Calvin Cycle.
- Dead cellulose is a structural carbohydrate that remains in plant cell walls, providing rigidity and strength.
- Reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) is a high-energy molecule produced in light-dependent reactions and used in the Calvin Cycle.
- Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP⁺) is a coenzyme that carries electrons and hydrogen in photosynthesis, converting to NADPH.
- Mitochondria are the powerhouse of the cell, where cellular respiration produces ATP from glucose.
- Heterotrophs obtain energy by consuming other organisms, such as animals and fungi.
- Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) stores and transfers energy for cellular processes and is called the energy currency of the cell.
- Release is the process of emitting energy, gases, or other substances.
- During respiration, cells release energy from glucose.
- Photosynthesis is the process by which plants use sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to produce glucose and oxygen.
- Mesophyll cells are plant cells in leaves where most photosynthesis occurs.
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