Photography Chapter 2.8

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Questions and Answers

What aspect(s) of photography did Alfred Stieglitz emphasize in order to demonstrate its credentials as a fine art medium? (Select all that apply)

Clarity (correct)

Realism (correct)

Color

Formal composition (correct)

How does the photograph 'Ten year old Spinner, Whitnel Cotton Mill' communicate the intended message? (Select all that apply)

By contrasting the large machine with the small girl (correct)

By blurring the background

By using vibrant colors

By having the girl look directly at the camera (correct)

In what order did these photographic developments occur?

Camera Obscura, Daguerreotype process, Calotype process, Color photography, Digital photography, Caffenol process

What characteristics made Kodachrome film favored by photographers?

Archival quality Signup and view all the answers

Why were the Rabari shepherds an appropriate subject for Steve McCurry's Last Roll of Kodachrome project?

The shepherds lived in Rajasthan, where color is culturally important, and both their way of life and the film used to photograph them were becoming obsolete due to modernization. Signup and view all the answers

Match the following innovators with their photographic contributions:

Louis-Jacques-Mandé Daguerre = Daguerreotype John Herschel = Cyanotype William Henry Fox Talbot = Calotype Scott A. Williams = Caffenol Joseph Nicéphore Niépce = Daguerreotype Signup and view all the answers

How did the invention of photography influence the development of modern art?

It allowed artists to record accurately the world around them and to focus on concerns other than replicating reality. Signup and view all the answers

What primitive forerunner of modern photographic processes was used by artists for several centuries as an aid to drawing?

The camera obscura Signup and view all the answers

Which elements and principles of art does black-and-white photography accentuate?

Contrast, line, and value Signup and view all the answers

Why did Ansel Adams prefer the gelatin silver photographic process?

It allowed him to capture the subject with everything in the picture clearly in focus and to capture the full tonal range of his subject matter. Signup and view all the answers

What is photomontage?

Results in a composite photographic image Signup and view all the answers

What defines photocollage?

Often includes non-photographic materials Signup and view all the answers

Why is digital photography the most common way of creating photographic images today?

Portability of digital devices, instant review of images, quick and easy image capture, images can be adjusted after capture. Signup and view all the answers

What is the best order of darkroom elements in traditional film photography?

Negative, enlarger, developer, stop, fixer Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following were traditionally necessary to create a photograph? (Select all that apply)

A way to make a projected image into a picture Signup and view all the answers

What are some advantages of photographic portraiture over portraits in other media?

Photographs are less expensive and time-consuming than hand-drawn or painted portraits, and allow people to capture their own memories. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Alfred Stieglitz and Photography as Fine Art

Emphasized clarity, realism, and formal composition in his works.

Communication through Photography

The photograph of ten-year-old Spinner contrasts the large machine with the small girl, enhancing the intended message.
The girl's direct gaze at the camera creates a powerful connection with the viewer.

Chronological Developments in Photography

Early photographic advancements include:
- Camera Obscura
- Daguerreotype process
- Calotype process
- Color photography
- Digital photography
- Caffenol process

Kodachrome Film Advantages

Favored for its poetic rendition of reality.
Known for archival quality and rich, vibrant colors.

Significance of Rabari Shepherds in McCurry's Project

Set in Rajasthan, where color holds cultural significance.
Their way of life and the film both represent elements becoming obsolete due to modernization.

Innovators in Photography

Louis-Jacques-Mandé Daguerre - introduced the daguerreotype.
John Herschel - developed cyanotype.
William Henry Fox Talbot - created the calotype.
Scott A. Williams - known for the Caffenol process.
Joseph Nicéphore Niépce - also contributed to the daguerreotype.

Photography's Impact on Modern Art

Enabled artists to accurately document their surroundings.
Allowed a shift towards exploring concerns beyond mere realism.

Camera Obscura as an Artistic Tool

Used for centuries as a drawing aid before photography was invented.

Black and White Photography's Artistic Focus

Highlights elements such as contrast, line, and value.

Ansel Adams and Gelatin Silver Process

Preferred this method for capturing clear, focused images and a full tonal range.

Photomontage Features

Creates composite images or digital files.
Can be duplicated for multiple copies.
Utilizes photographic techniques in the final image.

Characteristics of Photocollage

Results in a unique artwork, distinct from conventional photography.
Employs traditional collage methods, integrating non-photographic materials.

Digital Photography Popularity

Driven by the portability of devices, instant image review, and ease of image adjustments post-capture.

Darkroom Process Sequence

Correct order for traditional film photography: negative, enlarger, developer, stop, fixer.

Essential Elements for Photograph Creation

Requires a method to make a projected image permanent.
Needs a way to transform the projected image into a picture and a device for capturing the image.

Advantages of Photographic Portraiture

Less expensive and time-consuming than manual portraits.
Allows individuals to create their pictures and document memories.

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Description

Test your knowledge of key concepts presented in Chapter 2.8 of your photography studies. This quiz focuses on the works of Alfred Stieglitz and the communication of messages through photography. Challenge yourself with flashcards that highlight important techniques and artistic messages in photography.