Photoelectric Effect and Characteristic Radiation

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Questions and Answers

Under what condition is Characteristic Radiation released?

When incident photon energy is greater than the binding energy of the electron

What is the relationship between the atomic number and the probability of a reaction in the photoelectron effect?

The probability of a reaction increases as the atomic number increases

What type of photons are most likely to cause photoelectric reactions with elements with high atomic numbers?

Low energy photons

In which shell do high atomic number elements interact with electrons in the photoelectron effect?

L shell Signup and view all the answers

What is an advantage of the photoelectric effect in radiography?

Excellent radiographic images Signup and view all the answers

What is a disadvantage of the photoelectric effect in radiography?

Maximum radiation exposure Signup and view all the answers

What is the wavelength range of X-rays in Å?

0.02 - 100 Å Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the energy of X-rays and the energy of visible light?

Energy of X-rays > Energy of visible light Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula for the energy of X-rays according to Einstein's equation?

E = hc/λ Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which X-ray photons are emitted when an incident electron beam interacts with an atom?

X-ray photon emission Signup and view all the answers

What is the energy difference between the L and K shells in X-ray photon emission?

ΔE = EL - EK Signup and view all the answers

What is the type of X-ray photon emission that has a higher energy than Kα?

Kβ X-ray photon emission Signup and view all the answers

What is the physical interaction of X-rays with matter where some X-rays are absorbed completely?

Absorption Signup and view all the answers

What is the physical interaction of X-rays with matter where some X-rays pass through the matter without interacting with the matter?

Transmission Signup and view all the answers

What is the result when a K shell electron vacancy is filled by another outer shell electron?

The release of Characteristic Radiation Signup and view all the answers

What is the energy of the recoil electron in a photoelectric effect?

The energy of the incident photon minus the energy required to overcome electron binding energy Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the incident photon in a photoelectric effect?

It ceases to exist, giving its energy to the electron Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the radiation emitted by vibrating electrons?

It has the same wavelength as the incident photon Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which radiation is deflected without losing energy?

Coherent scattering Signup and view all the answers

What is the percentage of X-ray scattering that is contributed by coherent scattering?

8% Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of an incident X-ray photon encountering a K shell electron?

The electron is ejected from the orbital Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the electron ejected in a photoelectric effect?

Photoelectron Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

X-Ray Interaction with Matter

There are three mechanisms of X-ray interaction with matter: coherent scattering, photoelectric effect, and Compton effect.

Coherent Scattering

Also known as elastic, classical, unmodified, Thomson, or Rayleigh scattering
X-rays passing close to an atom cause bound electrons to vibrate at a frequency equal to the incident photon
Vibrating electrons emit radiation, contributing to 8% of X-ray scattering