12 Questions
What is the term for a sound becoming more like its neighboring sounds?
Assimilation
What is the primary difference between phonetics and phonology?
Phonetics studies individual speech sounds, while phonology studies how sounds combine.
What is the term for the process of making a sound weaker?
Lenition
What is the purpose of a minimal pairs test?
To distinguish between phonemes and allophones
What is the term for the process of deleting a sound?
Deletion
What is the term for the process of changing the order of sounds to make articulation easier?
Metathesis
What is the primary function of phonemes in a given language?
To help differentiate one word from another
What is the main idea behind the Critical Theory Hypothesis of language acquisition?
Children acquire language within a genetically determined period
What is the term for the process of acquiring one language and then another?
Sequential language acquisition
What does it mean when children overgeneralize a grammar rule?
They apply a rule to its exceptions
What is the theory that best explains overgeneralization of grammar rules?
Active construction of a grammar
What is the main difference between learning and acquisition in the context of language development?
Acquisition is a natural process, while learning requires effort
Study Notes
Phonetics and Phonology
- [k] is a voiceless velar stop, a type of consonant
- A consonant is a construction of sounds, while vowels are always voiced and never constricted
- [upside down v] represents a mid central lax unrounded vowel
- [f] is a voiceless labiodental fricative
- [ backward c ] is a mid back lax rounded vowel
Difference between Phonetics and Phonology
- Phonetics studies individual speech sounds, covering all possible sounds in human languages
- Phonology examines how sounds work together in a given language, including how they combine and interact
Phonology Processes
- Assimilation: sounds become more like neighboring sounds
- Vowel harmony: vowel sounds become more like other vowel sounds in the same string
- Dissimilation: adjacent sounds become less similar to each other
- Deletion: sounds are deleted from a word
- Metathesis: the order of sounds is changed to make the sequence easier to articulate
- Fortition: a sound becomes more pronounced
- Lenition: a sound becomes weaker
Phonemes and Allophones
- Allophone: a range of sounds recognized as an example of a phoneme
- Phoneme: a unit of sound that helps differentiate one word from another in a language
Minimal Pairs Test
- A test used to distinguish between phonemes and allophones, involving pairs of words identical except for a single sound
Morphology
- Morphemes: units of language that carry meaning
- Example: "The child(’s) scream(s) were concern(ing)" contains 8 morphemes
Test your knowledge of phonetics and phonology concepts, including the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA), place of articulation, vowels and consonants, and speech sound differences. Review key terms and definitions, such as voiced and voiceless sounds, and labiodental fricatives. Prepare for your phonetics exam with this quiz!
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