Phonation in Speech Production

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Questions and Answers

Match the following laryngeal muscles with their functions:

Lateral Cricoarytenoid = Adducts the anterior 2/3rds of vocal folds Transverse Arytenoid = Adducts the posterior 1/3 of vocal folds Cricothyroid = Increases distance between cricoid and thyroid cartilages Thyrohyoid = Decreases distance between thyroid cartilage and hyoid bone

Match the following extrinsic laryngeal muscles with their actions:

Sternohyoid = Pulls hyoid bone downward Omohyoid = Pulls hyoid bone downward and backward Digastric = Pulls hyoid bone upward and forward Hyoglossus = Pulls up on the hyoid bone

Match the following vocal fold configurations with their associated muscles:

Arytenoids (oblique) = Pulls arytenoid cartilages toward each other Thyrovocalis = Contributes to full adduction of vocal folds Inferior Constrictor = Moves sidewall of the lower pharynx inward Aryepiglottic muscle = Covers the larynx during swallowing

Match the components of phonation with their descriptions:

Vocal folds = Produce sound at the level of the larynx Filter above the larynx = Creates speech sounds Suprahyoid muscles = Originate above the hyoid bone Infra hyoid muscles = Originate below the hyoid bone Signup and view all the answers

Match the following muscle pairs with their specific actions:

Par Rectus of Cricothyroid = Primarily a rocking movement Pars Oblique of Cricothyroid = Also performs forward sliding movement Geniohyoid = Pulls hyoid bone upward and forward Sternothyroid = Pulls thyroid cartilage downward Signup and view all the answers

Match the following roles of components in phonation with their functions:

Larynx = Houses the vocal folds and is central to sound production Vocal Folds = Flexible structures that vibrate to produce sound Cricothyroid Muscles = Control vocal fold lengthening and tension Thyroarytenoid Muscles = Adjust vocal fold contact and tension Signup and view all the answers

Match the type of vocal fold movement with its description:

Abduction = Vocal folds move away from the midline Adduction = Vocal folds move toward the midline Length Change = Involves lengthening or shortening of vocal folds Vibratory Motion = Involves a wavelike pattern during sound production Signup and view all the answers

Match the following muscles to their actions in phonation:

Posterior Cricoarytenoid Muscles = Responsible for abduction Lateral Cricoarytenoid Muscles = Facilitate adduction Cricothyroid Muscles = Lengthen vocal folds Thyroarytenoid Muscles = Shorten vocal folds and adjust tension Signup and view all the answers

Match the factors to their effects on a person's voice:

Vocal Fold Thickness = Influences pitch Vocal Fold Length = Affects tone Elasticity of Vocal Folds = Determines vibratory quality Vocal Fold Tension = Modulates loudness and resonance Signup and view all the answers

Match the following sound production processes with their explanations:

Phonation = Process of producing sound at the larynx Articulation = Shaping of sound using vocal tract Resonance = Enhancement of sound quality in the vocal tract Sound Wave Modification = Alteration of sound post-vibration Signup and view all the answers

Match the following muscles involved in phonation with their specific functions:

Posterior Cricoarytenoid Muscles = Abduct vocal folds Lateral Cricoarytenoid Muscles = Bring vocal folds together anteriorly Arytenoid Muscles = Bring vocal folds together posteriorly Cricothyroid Muscles = Adjust tension and length of vocal folds Signup and view all the answers

Match the following vocal fold movements with their characteristics:

Opening of Vocal Folds = Occurs during sound production and breath Closing of Vocal Folds = Precedes vocal sound onset Mucosal Wave = A wavelike motion during vibration Dynamic Motion = Involves complex muscular coordination Signup and view all the answers

Match the following aspects of phonation with their associated descriptions:

Sound Source = Generated by the vibration of vocal folds Primary Airflow = Passes through the glottis to initiate phonation Control of Tension = Essential for pitch modulation Articulation Process = Shapes sound into recognizable speech sounds Signup and view all the answers

Match the following laryngeal cartilages with their associated ligaments:

Thyroid cartilage = Thyroepiglottic ligament Cricoid cartilage = Cricotracheal membrane Hyoid bone = Hyoepiglottic ligament Arytenoid cartilage = Conus Elasticus Signup and view all the answers

Match the following laryngeal joints with their primary motions:

Cricothyroid joint = Gliding motion Cricoarytenoid joint = Gliding motion Signup and view all the answers

Match the following laryngeal membranes with their connections:

Conus Elasticus = Connects cricoid, arytenoid, and thyroid cartilages Quadrangular membrane = Connects epiglottis and corniculate cartilages Hyothyroid membrane = Connects hyoid bone to thyroid cartilage Cricotracheal membrane = Connects cricoid cartilage to tracheal rings Signup and view all the answers

Match the following intrinsic ligaments with their descriptions:

Thyroepiglottic ligament = Runs from thyroid cartilage to epiglottis Ventricular ligament = Thickened base of quadrangular membrane Conus Elasticus = Gives rise to vocal ligaments Quadrangular membrane = Thickens at the bottom to become ventricular ligaments Signup and view all the answers

Match the following types of tissues with their functions in the larynx:

Ligaments = Connect bones and stabilize joints Tendons = Attach muscles to bones Membranes = Thin protective layers Cartilages = Provide structure and flexibility Signup and view all the answers

Match the following ligaments with their locations:

Hyoepiglottic ligament = Connects hyoid bone to epiglottis Cricotracheal membrane = Connects cricoid cartilage to tracheal rings Hyothyroid membrane = Connects hyoid bone to thyroid cartilage Conus Elasticus = Connects cricoid and arytenoid cartilages Signup and view all the answers

Match the following laryngeal cavities with their descriptions:

Laryngeal cavity = Extends from cricoid cartilage to laryngeal aditus Laryngeal aditus = Comprises tops of arytenoid cartilages Vestibule = Located above the ventricular folds Glottis = Space between vocal cords Signup and view all the answers

Match the following functions with their respective anatomical components:

Cricothyroid joint = Regulates tension of vocal cords Cricoarytenoid joint = Functions in phonation Conus Elasticus = Supports vocal folds Quadrangular membrane = Forms part of the airway Signup and view all the answers

Match the following structural components with their functional roles:

Thyroid cartilage = Forms front of larynx Cricoid cartilage = Base supporting trachea Arytenoid cartilage = Regulates position of vocal cords Epiglottis = Protects airway during swallowing Signup and view all the answers

Match the following features of voice production with their descriptions:

Vocal Tract Configuration = Shape and size of the oral and pharyngeal cavities determine resonance and timbre Phonation Dynamics = Variations in the force and coordination of vocal fold movements Habitual Use and Technique = Long-term vocal habits, health, and training shape voice quality Timbre = Unique tonal quality or color of a sound that distinguishes it from other sounds Signup and view all the answers

Match the laryngeal cartilages with their classification:

Epiglottis = Unpaired cartilage Thyroid cartilage = Unpaired cartilage Arytenoid cartilages = Paired cartilage Corniculate cartilages = Paired cartilage Signup and view all the answers

Match the parts of the hyoid bone with their descriptions:

Body = The central part of the bone Greater horns = Two larger, curved projections extending backward from the body Lesser horns = Two smaller projections that extend upward from the junction of the body and greater horns Compact bone = Material composing the hyoid bone that provides structural support Signup and view all the answers

Match the functions of the hyoid bone with their descriptions:

Support for the Tongue = Provides a base for the tongue muscles, assisting in movement Facilitation of Swallowing = Acts as an attachment point for muscles of the pharynx, larynx, and tongue Structural Stability = Helps maintain the open airway in the upper neck Contributing to Vocal Functions = Plays a key role in voice production during speech Signup and view all the answers

Match the laryngeal joints, ligaments, and membranes with their functions:

Thyroid Membrane = Connects the thyroid cartilage to the hyoid bone Cricothyroid Joint = Allows changes in pitch by tilting the thyroid cartilage Vocal Ligaments = Support the vocal folds during phonation Aryepiglottic Folds = Help protect the airway during swallowing Signup and view all the answers

Match the types of laryngeal cartilages with their characteristics:

Unpaired Cartilage = Cartilages that are singular in nature Paired Cartilage = Cartilages that exist in pairs Elastic Cartilage = Allows flexibility and resilience Hyaline Cartilage = Provides structural support and stability Signup and view all the answers

Match the articulatory structures with their roles in voice production:

Oral Cavity = Influences resonance and timbre Pharyngeal Cavity = Affects sound quality and pitch Vocal Folds = Generate sound through vibration Larynx = Contains the vocal folds and protects the airway Signup and view all the answers

Match the following elements of vocal health with their descriptions:

Hydration = Maintains vocal fold pliability Vocal Rest = Allows healing and recovery of vocal folds Proper Technique = Ensures efficient use of voice without strain Warm-up Exercises = Prepares the voice for performance or speaking Signup and view all the answers

Match the components of speech with their respective functions:

Articulation = Formation of clear and distinct sounds Prosody = Modulation of pitch, loudness, and tempo Resonance = Influences quality and richness of sound Voice Modulation = Adjusts pitch and volume during speech Signup and view all the answers

Match the following parts of the vocal folds with their descriptions:

Epithelium = Squamous cells Superficial Lamina Propria = A few elastic fibers Deep Lamina Propria = Many collagen fibers Muscle = Muscle fibers (thyrovocalis) Signup and view all the answers

Match the following components of the larynx with their characteristics:

Ventricular folds = Contain ventilatory ligaments and sparse muscle fibers Laryngeal ventricles = Depression between ventricular and true vocal folds Aryepiglottic folds = Run between arytenoid cartilages and epiglottis Vocal folds = Composed of membranous and cartilaginous parts Signup and view all the answers

Match the following regions of the larynx with their boundaries:

Upper region (laryngeal vestibule) = Bounded by the ventricular folds below and laryngeal aditus above Lower region = Bounded by the cricoid cartilage below and vocal folds above Membranous part = Lies between thyroid cartilage and tips of vocal processes Cartilaginous part = Lies between vocal processes and rearward point of arytenoid cartilages Signup and view all the answers

Match the following laryngeal muscles with their attachment types:

Intrinsic muscles = Both attachments inside the larynx Extrinsic muscles = One attachment inside and one outside the larynx Supplementary muscles = Both attachments outside the larynx Upper laryngeal structures = Influence the larynx through the hyoid bone Signup and view all the answers

Match the following structures with their functions:

Mucous glands in ventricular folds = Lubricate the vocal folds Mucous glands in laryngeal ventricles = Secrete mucus to lubricate vocal folds Vocal ligament = Part of the vocal apparatus External thyroarytenoid = Contributes to vocal fold mass Signup and view all the answers

Match the following statements about the vocal folds with their correct pairs:

Vocal fold = Vocal ligament + thyrovocalis + thyromuscularis Membranous part length = Occupies 60% of length Cartilaginous part length = Occupies 40% of length Lateral cricoarytenoid muscles = Adduct the membranous part Signup and view all the answers

Match the following muscle actions with their effects on the vocal folds:

Contraction of thyroarytenoid = Affects vocal fold tension and pitch Contraction of posterior cricoarytenoid = Abducts the vocal folds Contraction of lateral cricoarytenoid = Adducts the vocal folds Contraction of aryepiglottic muscles = Helps with laryngeal closure Signup and view all the answers

Match the following descriptions with specific laryngeal components:

Aryepiglottic folds = Develop the aryepiglottic muscles Ventricular folds = Also known as false vocal folds True vocal folds = Contain muscles that manipulate sound Laryngeal aditus = Forms the upper boundary of the laryngeal vestibule Signup and view all the answers

Match the following layers of the vocal folds with their attributes:

Superficial Lamina Propria = Contains a few elastic fibers Intermediate Lamina Propria = Contains many elastic fibers Deep Lamina Propria = Comprised mostly of collagen fibers Epithelium = Composed of squamous cells Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes