Phlebotomy Practical Biochemistry Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What gauge needle is recommended to prevent hemolysis?

  • 22 gauge
  • 18 gauge
  • 19 gauge
  • 20 gauge (correct)

    • Where should a tourniquet be applied to evaluate vein selection?

  • 2-3 inches above the elbow (correct)
  • Around the upper arm
  • 2-3 inches below the elbow
  • At the wrist

    • Why is it important to invert blood tubes 5-10 times after collection?

  • To prevent clotting
  • To ensure proper mixing with additives (correct)
  • To increase oxygenation
  • To decrease the volume of blood

    • What is the angle for inserting the needle during a venipuncture?

    <p>15 degrees</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done after the last blood collection tube is filling?

    <p>Remove the tourniquet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are antecubital spaces most commonly used for venipuncture?

    <p>Around the upper arm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of wearing protective gear during phlebotomy?

    <p>To prevent exposure to bloodborne pathogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What action is taken to allow blood flow to normalize during a venipuncture?

    <p>Remove the tourniquet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of applying a tourniquet during blood collection?

    <p>To find and evaluate veins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done before performing a full procedure after applying a tourniquet?

    <p>Remove tourniquet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the act of puncturing a vein with a needle?

    <p>Venipuncture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'Thrombus' refer to in medical terms?

    <p>Blood clot</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the device used in the lab to spin blood and separate the liquid and solid portions of the blood?

    <p>Centrifuge</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the breaking of blood cells?

    <p>Hemolysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the area in front of the elbow called in medical terms?

    <p>Anticubital space</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'Lumen' refer to in medical terms?

    <p>Hollow center of a structure (needle)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is 'Ecchymosis' in medical terms?

    <p>Bruise</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Vacutainer' is used for what purpose in the context of phlebotomy?

    <p>Drawing blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Butterfly' in phlebotomy refers to what?

    <p>&quot;Smaller needle with wings on each side used to draw blood&quot;</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Coagulate' refers to what in the context of phlebotomy?

    <p>&quot;The act of blood clotting&quot;</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What gauge needle is recommended to prevent hemolysis?

    <p>21 gauge or bigger</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are antecubital spaces most commonly used for venipuncture?

    <p>Antecubital space</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of wearing protective gear during phlebotomy?

    <p>To take standard precautions and ensure safety</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the act of puncturing a vein with a needle called?

    <p>Venipuncture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the angle for inserting the needle during a venipuncture?

    <p>15 degree</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to invert blood tubes 5-10 times after collection?

    <p>To ensure proper mixing of the blood with any additives</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where should a tourniquet be applied to evaluate vein selection?

    <p>2-3 inches above elbow or desired blood draw site</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done after the last blood collection tube is filling?

    <p>Release tourniquet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What action is taken to allow blood flow to normalize during a venipuncture?

    <p>Release tourniquet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is 'Ecchymosis' in medical terms?

    <p>Bruising</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the act of puncturing a vein with a needle called?

    <p>Venipuncture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'Lumen' refer to in medical terms?

    <p>The hollow center of a structure (needle)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'Thrombus' refer to in medical terms?

    <p>A blood clot</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the breaking of blood cells?

    <p>Hemolysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of wearing protective gear during phlebotomy?

    <p>To ensure safety and prevent exposure to bloodborne pathogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the device used in the lab to spin blood and separate the liquid and solid portions of the blood?

    <p>Centrifuge</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the area in front of the elbow called in medical terms?

    <p>Anticubital space</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of applying a tourniquet during blood collection?

    <p>To engorge the veins and make them easier to locate and access</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done after the last blood collection tube is filled?

    <p>Invert the blood tubes 5-10 times</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is 'Ecchymosis' in medical terms?

    <p>A bruise</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What gauge needle is recommended to prevent hemolysis?

    <p>21 gauge or bigger</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are antecubital spaces most commonly used for venipuncture?

    <p>Antecubital spaces are most commonly used</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done after the last blood collection tube is filled?

    <p>Release the tourniquet last</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of wearing protective gear during phlebotomy?

    <p>To take standard precautions and ensure safety</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the angle for inserting the needle during a venipuncture?

    <p>15 degree angle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of screening for latex allergy before drawing blood?

    <p>To ensure the safety of the patient and avoid allergic reactions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the act of puncturing a vein with a needle?

    <p>Venipuncture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the device used in the lab to spin blood and separate the liquid and solid portions of the blood?

    <p>Centrifuge</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'Thrombophlebitis' refer to in medical terms?

    <p>Inflammation of a vein with blood clot formation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of applying a tourniquet during blood collection?

    <p>To temporarily impede venous blood flow and allow for easier venipuncture.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What gauge needle is recommended to prevent hemolysis?

    <p>16 gauge</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are antecubital spaces most commonly used for venipuncture?

    <p>Arm with IV Solution Infusing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of applying a tourniquet during blood collection?

    <p>To evaluate vein selection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done after the last blood collection tube is filled?

    <p>Label Tubes per Facility Requirements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the device used in the lab to spin blood and separate the liquid and solid portions of the blood?

    <p>Vacutainer Adapter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the act of puncturing a vein with a needle called?

    <p>Venipuncture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'Lumen' refer to in medical terms?

    <p>The hollow center of a structure (needle)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the breaking of blood cells?

    <p>Hemolysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is 'Ecchymosis' in medical terms?

    <p>A bruise</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Vacutainer' is used for what purpose in the context of phlebotomy?

    <p>Separating liquid and solid portions of the blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Phlebotomy means collecting ______

    <p>blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Venipuncture is the act of puncturing a ______ with a needle

    <p>vein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Thrombophlebitis is the inflammation of a ______ with blood clot formation

    <p>vein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Hematoma is a blood-filled bruise caused when a blood vessel is broken; collection of blood under the ______

    <p>skin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Vacutainer is a vacuum tube used to draw ______

    <p>blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Choosing a Needle Size/diameter of lumen: smaller the gauge= larger the ______

    <p>lumen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Choose a 21 gauge or ______ to prevent hemolysis

    <p>bigger</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A good vein stands out when the ______ is applied

    <p>tourniquet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Steps to Phlebotomy Stabilize = ______ 1. Gather Supplies: Collect necessary items.

    <p>jeger krdn</p> Signup and view all the answers

    After collection 1.Invert Blood Tubes 5-10 Times: Gently rotate or invert blood collection tubes upside down 5-10 times to ensure proper mixing of the blood with any additives present in the tubes. This step is crucial for adequate mixing of anticoagulants or preservatives. 2.Label Tubes per Facility Requirements: Accurately label each tube with patient identification details, date, time, and any other necessary information as per the facility's protocol. This ensures proper identification and traceability of samples. 3.Place in Biohazard Bag x 2: Securely place the labeled blood collection tubes in a ______, ensuring double bagging for added safety. This practice helps contain any potential spills or leaks, reducing the risk of exposure to biohazardous materials during transport to the laboratory.

    <p>biohazard bag</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are biomolecules composed mainly of?

    <p>Carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, phosphorous, and sulfur</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is carbon so predominant in living systems?

    <p>Because carbon can form long chains and rings by bonding with up to four other atoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What makes up the hierarchy of molecular components in a cell?

    <p>The Cell And its Organelles, Supramolecular Complexes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which elements make up >97% of the weight of most organisms?

    <p>Carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, phosphorous, and sulfur</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason for the abundance of carbon in living organisms?

    <p>The ability to form long chains and rings by bonding with up to four other atoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the common functional groups present in biomolecules?

    <p>Carbonyl, hydroxyl, carboxyl, amino, sulfhydryl, phosphate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which atoms make up >97% of the weight of most organisms?

    <p>Carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, phosphorous, and sulfur</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the composition of biomolecules mainly made up of?

    <p>(Carbon + oxygen) * (hydrogen + nitrogen) - phosphorous + sulfur</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do biomolecules mainly consist of?

    <p>Carbon atoms bonding with other elements in long chains and rings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the main constituents of biomolecules?

    <p>Carbon atoms that can covalently bond with up to four other atoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the skin?

    <p>To maintain health and protect the individual from injury</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the presence of normal skin and skin layers uninterrupted by wounds?

    <p>Intact skin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two types of factors that influence the appearance of the skin and skin integrity?

    <p>Internal and external factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe a wound that is not infected and has minimal inflammation?

    <p>Clean wound</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe a wound that has been created surgically and shows no evidence of infection?

    <p>Clean-contaminated wound</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between a closed wound and an open wound?

    <p>A closed wound has no break in the skin, while an open wound has a break in the skin or mucous membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of nursing functions in maintaining skin integrity and promoting wound healing?

    <p>To maintain skin integrity and promote wound healing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of wound is characterized by evidence of inflammation?

    <p>Contaminated wound</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a wound caused by a blow from a blunt instrument?

    <p>Contusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a wound caused by surface scraping?

    <p>Abrasion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of wound is characterized by dead tissue and evidence of clinical infection?

    <p>Dirty wound</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a wound caused by a sharp instrument, either intentional or unintentional?

    <p>Puncture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a wound caused by a sharp instrument, often from accidents?

    <p>Laceration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a wound that penetrates the skin and underlying tissues, usually unintentional?

    <p>Penetrating wound</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a wound caused by a sharp instrument, often with intention?

    <p>Incision</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common change in the skin that occurs with advanced age?

    <p>Decreased strength and elasticity of the skin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a risk factor for skin breakdown and delayed healing?

    <p>Diabetes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Stage I of pressure ulcers characterized by?

    <p>Non-blanchable erythema</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common consequence of aging vascular walls?

    <p>Diminished venous and arterial flow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a consequence of the loss of lean body mass in older adults?

    <p>Impaired skin integrity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of Stage II pressure ulcers?

    <p>Partial-thickness skin loss</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are older adults more prone to skin breakdown?

    <p>Due to decreased strength and elasticity of the skin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a consequence of a decrease in the number of cutaneous end organs in older adults?

    <p>Diminished pain perception</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary consequence of moisture from fecal and urinary incontinence on the skin?

    <p>Skin maceration and increased susceptibility to injury</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are individuals with decreased mental status at a higher risk of developing pressure ulcers?

    <p>They are less able to recognize and respond to pain associated with prolonged pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of excessive body heat on the cells of an area under pressure?

    <p>It increases the need for oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of diminished sensation in an individual?

    <p>They are less able to recognize and respond to trauma, injurious heat and cold, and loss of circulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary risk factor for pressure ulcers in individuals with paralysis, stroke, or other neurologic disease?

    <p>Diminished sensation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of fecal and urinary incontinence on the skin?

    <p>It harbors microorganisms and makes an individual prone to skin breakdown and infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of nursing functions in maintaining skin integrity and promoting wound healing?

    <p>To maintain skin integrity and promote wound healing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Skin Integrity and Wound Care

    Importance of Skin Integrity

    • The skin is the largest organ in the body, serving various functions to maintain health and protect from injury.
    • Maintaining skin integrity is an important nursing function, and promoting wound healing is crucial.

    Factors Affecting Skin Integrity

    • Internal factors: genetic, age, and underlying health conditions
    • External factors: activity, poor lifting and transferring techniques, incorrect positioning, and hard support surfaces

    Types of Wounds

    • Closed wounds: tissues traumatized without a break in the skin
    • Open wounds: skin or mucous membrane surface is broken
    • Classification of wounds based on contamination:
      • Clean wounds: uninfected, minimal inflammation
      • Clean-contaminated wounds: surgical wounds with minimal exposure to internal tracts
      • Contaminated wounds: open, fresh, accidental wounds with evidence of inflammation
      • Dirty or infected wounds: containing dead tissue or showing clinical infection signs

    Specific Types of Wounds

    • Incision: sharp instrument
    • Contusion: blow from a blunt instrument
    • Abrasion: surface scrape
    • Puncture: penetration by a sharp instrument
    • Laceration: tissues torn apart
    • Penetrating wound: penetration of skin and underlying tissues

    Risk Factors for Skin Breakdown and Delayed Healing

    • Advanced age: changes in skin structure and function
    • Chronic medical conditions: diabetes, cardiovascular disease
    • Poor lifting and transferring techniques, incorrect positioning, and hard support surfaces
    • Fecal and urinary incontinence: moisture promotes skin maceration and erosion
    • Decreased mental status: less able to recognize and respond to pain
    • Diminished sensation: paralysis, stroke, or neurologic disease
    • Excessive body heat: increased metabolic rate, oxygen deficiency

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on phlebotomy practical skills and biochemistry with this quiz. Covering topics such as medical terms, venipuncture techniques, and patient interaction, this quiz will help you reinforce your understanding of phlebotomy procedures and related biochemistry concepts.

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