Phlebotomy Chapter 17 Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What is the angle of insertion for venipuncture?

15 degrees

What is the antecubital space?

The surface of the arm in front of the elbow.

What is an anticoagulant?

A substance that inhibits blood clotting.

What is the buffy coat?

A thin, light-colored layer of white blood cells and platelets. Signup and view all the answers

Define an evacuated tube.

A closed glass or plastic tube that contains a premeasured vacuum. Signup and view all the answers

What is a hematoma?

A swelling or mass of coagulated blood caused by a break in a blood vessel. Signup and view all the answers

What does hemoconcentration refer to?

An increase in the concentration of non-filterable blood components. Signup and view all the answers

What is hemolysis?

The breakdown of the blood cell. Signup and view all the answers

Define osteochondritis.

Inflammation of bone and cartilage. Signup and view all the answers

What is osteomyelitis?

Inflammation of the bone or bone marrow due to bacterial infection. Signup and view all the answers

Who is a phlebotomist?

A healthcare professional trained in the collection of blood specimens. Signup and view all the answers

What is phlebotomy?

Incision of a vein for the removal of blood. Signup and view all the answers

What is plasma?

The liquid part of the blood that comprises approximately 55% of blood volume. Signup and view all the answers

What is serum?

Plasma from which the clotting factor fibrinogen has been removed. Signup and view all the answers

Define venipuncture.

Puncturing of a vein. Signup and view all the answers

What is venous reflux?

The backflow of blood from an evacuated tube into the patient's vein. Signup and view all the answers

What is venous stasis?

The temporary cessation or slowing of venous blood flow. Signup and view all the answers

List the 3 major areas of blood collection included in phlebotomy.

Arterial puncture, vein puncture, skin puncture. Signup and view all the answers

What are unique identifiers on labels?

Full name and date of birth. Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to reassure the patient?

It helps to alleviate the patient's fears and relaxes their veins. Signup and view all the answers

What is the proper patient position for a blood draw?

Seated comfortably with the arm extended downward and palm facing up. Signup and view all the answers

Why does venous reflux happen and how is it prevented?

It happens when blood flows back into the patient's vein due to contact with the tube stopper during specimen drawing. Prevented by keeping the patient's arm downward. Signup and view all the answers

What is the application of the tourniquet?

To make the patient's veins stand out and ease palpation. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Venipuncture Techniques

Needle insertion angle should be at 15 degrees; positioning is crucial for successful venipuncture.
Angles less than 15 degrees can cause needle to enter above the vein, preventing proper puncture.
Angles over 15 degrees risk puncturing the posterior wall of the vein, leading to hematoma.

Anatomical Considerations

Antecubital space refers to the area in front of the elbow where venipuncture is commonly performed.

Key Terms in Phlebotomy

Anticoagulant: Substance that inhibits blood clotting, important for blood sample preservation.
Buffy coat: Layer of white blood cells and platelets between plasma and red blood cells after anticoagulant use.
Evacuated tube: Pre-measured vacuum sealed glass or plastic tube used for blood collection.
Hematoma: Swelling due to a mass of coagulated blood from a ruptured blood vessel.
Hemoconcentration: Increased concentration of blood's non-filterable components due to reduced fluid content.
Hemolysis: The breakdown of blood cells, which can impact sample quality.

Inflammation Conditions

Osteochondritis: Inflammation of bone and cartilage.
Osteomyelitis: Inflammation of bone or bone marrow due to bacterial infection.

Blood Collection Professionals

Phlebotomist: Healthcare professional trained specifically for blood specimen collection.

Blood Component Details

Phlebotomy: Procedure involving incision of a vein to collect blood.
Plasma: Clear, straw-colored liquid making up about 55% of blood volume.
Serum: Plasma with the clotting factor fibrinogen removed.

Blood Collection Processes

Venipuncture: Technique of puncturing a vein for blood draw.
Venous reflux: Backflow of blood from an evacuated tube into the patient’s vein, can cause adverse reactions.
Venous stasis: Temporary slowing or cessation of venous blood flow.

Blood Collection Techniques

Phlebotomy involves arterial puncture, venous puncture, and skin puncture for blood sample collection.
Unique identifiers on labels include patient's full name and date of birth for accurate identification.
Reassuring the patient before the procedure alleviates fears and helps in relaxing veins, making venipuncture easier.

Patient Positioning

Ideal position for blood draw involves extending the arm downward, palm up, supported properly to prevent injury.
Procedures should not be performed with the patient standing or on a stool to reduce fainting risks.

Tourniquet Use

Applying a tourniquet makes veins more prominent for easier access while slowing venous blood flow.
A tourniquet that is too tight may obstruct both venous and arterial blood flow, causing complications.

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Description

Test your knowledge of phlebotomy techniques with these flashcards focused on chapter 17. Learn about the correct angle of insertion for venipuncture and the potential consequences of improper techniques. This quiz will help reinforce important concepts for anyone studying phlebotomy.