Philosophy Review

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Questions and Answers

Which philosopher believed that knowledge is derived from experience, starting with the senses?

  • Plato
  • Aristotle (correct)
  • Saint Augustine
  • René Descartes

Saint Thomas Aquinas, influenced by Plato, believed that true knowledge relies on universal forms obtained using mathematical truths.

False (B)

According to Nicolaus Copernicus, what astronomical system did he propose, challenging the traditional Ptolemaic system?

heliocentric

Sir Francis Bacon, from the empiricist school, argued that only ______ knowledge is valid.

<p>sensible</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following concepts with their corresponding philosophers:

<p>Cogito, ergo sum = René Descartes Esse est percipi = George Berkeley Knowledge is Power = Francis Bacon Reason is, and ought only to be the slave of the passions = David Hume</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which philosophical school of thought is the opposite of Empiricism?

<p>Rationalism (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Spinoza's philosophy separates God from nature, arguing they are distinct entities.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does positivism affirm as the only authentic knowledge?

<p>scientific knowledge</p> Signup and view all the answers

Pragmatism focuses on the practical ______ and results of ideas, viewing knowledge as an instrument of action.

<p>effects</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match each philosopher with their primary concept related to knowledge:

<p>Tacit and Explicit Knowledge = Ikujiro Nonaka Intelligence = Aristotle Knowledge transition through value addition = Thomas Davenport An intelligent company is organized consistently with human nature = Peter Senge</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is considered the 'father' of knowledge management?

<p>Peter Drucker (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Michael Polanyi, genuine discoveries can be fully explained by articulated rules or algorithms.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What model did Ikujiro Nonaka create to explain knowledge management?

<p>SECI</p> Signup and view all the answers

Karl Popper focused on distinguishing between science and non-science, based on the idea that "we are infinitely ______"

<p>ignorant</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following philosophers with their related concepts:

<p>Helicentric Model = Nicolaus Copernicus Materialist Metaphysics = Thomas Hobbes Monads = Leibniz Critique of Pure Reason = Immanuel Kant</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Saint Augustine, what is the only true knowledge?

<p>Knowledge of universal forms (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Thomas Hobbes, intellectual knowledge distinguishes humans from other realities.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of dialectics regarding knowledge?

<p>absolute knowledge</p> Signup and view all the answers

Thomas Davenport presents a practical view distinguishing between data, information, and ______.

<p>knowledge</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the people with their theory

<p>Shift from Theocentric to Anthropocentric worldview = Renaissance Reconstruct the system of sciences with experiential elements and logical-formal connections = Neo-positivism Argues beliefs are characteristics of human knowledge = Alberto Andrés Messi innovating in a new work organization based on organizational forms that ensure worker interaction in value creation networks = Karl-Erik Sveiby</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Experience (Aristotle)

Knowledge derived from the senses and concrete experiences.

Science (Aristotle)

Knowledge acquired through observation and questioning of the creation and function of things.

Intelligence (Aristotle)

Knowledge of first principles and wisdom gained through intuition.

Saint Augustine's Knowledge

The belief that true knowledge is based on universal forms, attainable through reason and mathematical truths.

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Saint Thomas Aquinas's Knowledge

Using logic as the intellectual procedure to gain reliable knowledge of nature (perception is the start point).

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Heliocentric System

Astronomical model where the Earth orbits the sun.

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Empiricism

The philosophical stance that sensory perception is the primary source of knowledge.

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Francis Bacon's View

Sensible knowledge is the only valid knowledge.

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Thomas Hobbes's View

Origin of all thoughts is in the senses; the mind is reduced to the body's internal movements.

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George Berkeley's View

"To be is to be perceived;" objects of knowledge are ideas reduced to sensations.

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David Hume's Empiricism

Highlights the limits of knowledge and the impossibility of an ultimate foundation of human knowledge

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Immanuel Kant's View

Concepts must be made sensible, intuitions intelligible; ideas without content are empty, intuitions without concepts are blind.

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René Descartes' View

"I think, therefore I am."

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Spinoza's Philosophy

Identifies God with nature ("Deus sive Natura").

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Pragmatism

An approach focusing on the practical effects and results of ideas.

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Dialectical Knowledge

Posits each particular reality is known in relation to the whole, gaining validity through absolute knowledge.

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Michael Polanyi's View

Tacit mechanisms for knowledge transfer include imitation, identification, and learning by practice.

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SECI Model

A model of knowledge creation involving Socialization, Externalization, Combination, and Internalization.

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Tacit Knowledge

Subjective and experience-based.

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Explicit Knowledge

Analytical and formal.

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Study Notes

All the information in the text to be updated is already contained in the existing notes, so there are no updates to be made.

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