Podcast
Questions and Answers
The study of the nature and scope of knowledge and justified belief is known as ______.
The study of the nature and scope of knowledge and justified belief is known as ______.
episteme
The intellectual life of Greece moved to Croton in southern Italy after the decline of Ionia due to Persian conquests.
The intellectual life of Greece moved to Croton in southern Italy after the decline of Ionia due to Persian conquests.
True (A)
What are the four main types of knowledge exploration in the provided text?
What are the four main types of knowledge exploration in the provided text?
Episteme, Ethics, Logic, and Theology
Which of the following is NOT a basic question explored in the study of Ethics?
Which of the following is NOT a basic question explored in the study of Ethics?
Match the following terms with their corresponding definitions:
Match the following terms with their corresponding definitions:
What does the Greek word 'logos' signify in the context of Logic?
What does the Greek word 'logos' signify in the context of Logic?
What is the main focus of Aristotle's 'Nicomachean Ethics'?
What is the main focus of Aristotle's 'Nicomachean Ethics'?
The study of Ethics is a static discipline that does not evolve with changes in socio-cultural and political contexts.
The study of Ethics is a static discipline that does not evolve with changes in socio-cultural and political contexts.
What is the Greek word that "ethos" originates from?
What is the Greek word that "ethos" originates from?
Ethics is the same as morality.
Ethics is the same as morality.
Ethics is a ______ study of the underlying principle of morality.
Ethics is a ______ study of the underlying principle of morality.
What is the main difference between ethics and morality?
What is the main difference between ethics and morality?
Match the following terms with their descriptions:
Match the following terms with their descriptions:
Immanuel Kant's claim that an act is morally right if it is done for the sake of duty is an example of descriptive ethics.
Immanuel Kant's claim that an act is morally right if it is done for the sake of duty is an example of descriptive ethics.
What is the importance of understanding the origin of philosophy?
What is the importance of understanding the origin of philosophy?
Which of the following is NOT a basic question of ethics?
Which of the following is NOT a basic question of ethics?
What type of ethical inquiry aims to understand the nature and dynamics of ethical principles?
What type of ethical inquiry aims to understand the nature and dynamics of ethical principles?
Casuists are concerned with individual moral problems.
Casuists are concerned with individual moral problems.
What is the primary focus of business ethics?
What is the primary focus of business ethics?
What is the primary focus of metaphysics in philosophy?
What is the primary focus of metaphysics in philosophy?
The term 'Theodicy' is derived from the written work titled _____ .
The term 'Theodicy' is derived from the written work titled _____ .
The word 'philosophy' is derived from Greek words meaning 'time' and 'study'.
The word 'philosophy' is derived from Greek words meaning 'time' and 'study'.
Match the fields of ethics with their respective focus:
Match the fields of ethics with their respective focus:
Which principle is associated with the statement 'Killing is wrong because it violates the basic ethical principles'?
Which principle is associated with the statement 'Killing is wrong because it violates the basic ethical principles'?
Who is Karl Jaspers?
Who is Karl Jaspers?
The term 'cosmology' is related to the origin and dynamics of the _____ world.
The term 'cosmology' is related to the origin and dynamics of the _____ world.
The moral issue on abortion can be fully understood within Metaethics.
The moral issue on abortion can be fully understood within Metaethics.
Match the following branches of philosophy with their descriptions:
Match the following branches of philosophy with their descriptions:
What does 'immoral' refer to?
What does 'immoral' refer to?
Which of the following is NOT one of the basic questions of metaphysics?
Which of the following is NOT one of the basic questions of metaphysics?
The basic material of which the world is formed is a fundamental question for philosophy.
The basic material of which the world is formed is a fundamental question for philosophy.
What is the essence of wisdom in the context of philosophy?
What is the essence of wisdom in the context of philosophy?
Which type of voluntariness is characterized by an agent's wish to do something other than what they are actually doing?
Which type of voluntariness is characterized by an agent's wish to do something other than what they are actually doing?
Direct voluntariness is the result of a previously elicited and unrevoked intention.
Direct voluntariness is the result of a previously elicited and unrevoked intention.
What is an example of habitual voluntariness?
What is an example of habitual voluntariness?
The act of washing the dishes with a desire to watch TV illustrates __________ voluntariness.
The act of washing the dishes with a desire to watch TV illustrates __________ voluntariness.
Match the type of voluntariness with its definition:
Match the type of voluntariness with its definition:
What is the term for a human act that is directly willed?
What is the term for a human act that is directly willed?
Interpretative voluntariness is defined as the voluntariness that is always present in all human acts.
Interpretative voluntariness is defined as the voluntariness that is always present in all human acts.
In the example given, what is the father's intention when killing the rabbit?
In the example given, what is the father's intention when killing the rabbit?
Which of the following best describes 'Intention' in the context of human acts?
Which of the following best describes 'Intention' in the context of human acts?
Consent involves the selection of the specific means necessary to carry out an intention.
Consent involves the selection of the specific means necessary to carry out an intention.
What is required for a human act to be considered human?
What is required for a human act to be considered human?
The first tendency of the will towards a thing, whether realizable or not, is called a _____
The first tendency of the will towards a thing, whether realizable or not, is called a _____
Match the components of human acts with their definitions:
Match the components of human acts with their definitions:
Which term refers to when human acts are in agreement with the dictates of reason?
Which term refers to when human acts are in agreement with the dictates of reason?
A human act is possible without the element of freedom.
A human act is possible without the element of freedom.
What does 'Election' refer to in the context of human acts?
What does 'Election' refer to in the context of human acts?
When human acts are in opposition to right reason, they are termed _____
When human acts are in opposition to right reason, they are termed _____
Flashcards
Philosophy
Philosophy
The study of beings, causes, principles, and understanding things logically.
Metaphysics
Metaphysics
Branch of philosophy studying existence and reality beyond the physical.
Cosmology
Cosmology
Study of the universe's origin, dynamics, and laws.
Basic Questions of Philosophy
Basic Questions of Philosophy
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Psychology
Psychology
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Origin of the World
Origin of the World
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Nature of Human Person
Nature of Human Person
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Philosophy vs. Answers
Philosophy vs. Answers
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Episteme
Episteme
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Logos
Logos
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Ethics
Ethics
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Acquisition of Knowledge
Acquisition of Knowledge
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Valid Argument
Valid Argument
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Fallacy
Fallacy
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Criteria for Validity
Criteria for Validity
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Types of Logic
Types of Logic
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Morality
Morality
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Normative ethics
Normative ethics
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Good life
Good life
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Right conduct
Right conduct
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Human act vs instinctive action
Human act vs instinctive action
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Philosophic wonder
Philosophic wonder
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Immanuel Kant's moral claim
Immanuel Kant's moral claim
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Elicited Acts
Elicited Acts
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Wish
Wish
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Intention
Intention
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Consent
Consent
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Election
Election
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Good human acts
Good human acts
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Evil human acts
Evil human acts
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Knowledge in acts
Knowledge in acts
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Metaethics
Metaethics
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Applied Ethics
Applied Ethics
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Casuists
Casuists
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Business Ethics
Business Ethics
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Biomedical Ethics
Biomedical Ethics
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Moral Person
Moral Person
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Immoral Person
Immoral Person
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Social Ethics
Social Ethics
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Virtual Voluntariness
Virtual Voluntariness
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Conditional Voluntariness
Conditional Voluntariness
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Habitual Voluntariness
Habitual Voluntariness
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Direct Voluntariness
Direct Voluntariness
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Indirect Voluntariness
Indirect Voluntariness
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Voluntary in se
Voluntary in se
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Voluntary in causa
Voluntary in causa
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Interpretative Voluntariness
Interpretative Voluntariness
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Study Notes
Philosophy
- Philosophy is the love of wisdom, a strong desire to possess knowledge and use it correctly.
Major Branches of Philosophy
1. Metaphysics
- Originates from Greek words "meta" (beyond) and "physika" (physical/nature).
- Studies concepts beyond the physical, things not directly experienced.
- Foundation of philosophy; encompasses concepts like God, freedom, and the soul.
- Subdivided into general metaphysics (ontology) which studies being and the first principles of all things, and special metaphysics, which includes cosmology (origin, dynamics, and order of the world), psychology (nature and dynamics of the human person), natural theology (study of God), and aesthetics (study of beauty).
2. Epistemology
- From Greek words "episteme" (knowledge) and "logos" (study).
- Studies the nature and scope of knowledge and justified belief.
- Explores questions like: What is knowledge? How is knowledge acquired? What are the limits of knowledge?
3. Logic
- From the Greek word "logos" (science of correct thinking).
- Examines the principles and criteria of valid arguments.
- Distinguishes sound (good) reasoning from unsound (bad) reasoning.
4. Ethics
- From the Greek word "ethos" (custom/habit), a branch of philosophy concerned with the rightness/wrongness of human actions.
- Studies the morality of human actions; tries to define right conduct and the good life.
- Includes normative ethics (developing norms/standards for behavior), and metaethics (analyzing the meaning and justification of morality).
Cosmology
- Studies the world or universe, including its origin, dynamics, laws, and order.
Psychology/Anthropology
- Studies the nature and dynamics of the human person as a whole.
- Examines the functioning of the human mind and behavior.
Natural Theology/Theodicy
- Studies the nature of God and the justification of God's existence.
- Addresses the existence of evil in the world if/when God exists.
Aesthetics
- Study of beauty.
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