Philosophy of Science Theories Quiz
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Questions and Answers

According to Karl Popper, what is the main issue with concluding something to be true without testing it?

  • The hypothesis becomes irrelevant. (correct)
  • The experiment becomes more valid.
  • The hypothesis gains more importance.
  • The probability decreases.

    • What is the main implication of falsifying an experiment's outcome, according to Karl Popper?

  • The probability of the hypothesis increases.
  • The hypothesis is strengthened.
  • The experiment was conducted incorrectly.
  • The hypothesis is also false. (correct)

    • In the context of Deductive Reasoning, what role do observations play?

  • Formulate a problem to solidify the hypothesis. (correct)
  • Confirm the hypothesis without testing.
  • Make the hypothesis irrelevant.
  • Increase the probability of the hypothesis.

    • Which method focuses on providing numerical support to a hypothesis without outright declaring it correct?

    <p>Bayesian Confirmation Theory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In relation to Deductive Reasoning, what happens if an experiment's outcome is falsified?

    <p>The hypothesis is also false.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Thomas Bayes, what is the key element in determining conclusions?

    <p>Quantitative data</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main focus of Science, Technology, and Society (STS)?

    <p>Studying interactions between science, technology, and society</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the aims of Science, Technology, and Society (STS)?

    <p>Instilling reflective knowledge for ethical decision-making</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the foundation of Science, Technology, and Society (STS)?

    <p>Science as both philosophy and practice</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which philosopher is associated with the philosophy of science?

    <p>John Stuart Mill</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of reasoning is associated with the Scientific Method according to the text?

    <p>Inductive Reasoning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did John Stuart Mill and Francis Bacon propose about the inferred conclusions in science?

    <p>&quot;The inferred conclusion is absolute and applies to everything else&quot;</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does constructive empiricism state about science?

    <p>Science aims to give a true story of the Universe based on observable aspects.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to instrumentalism, what are scientific theories primarily seen as?

    <p>Instruments for solving problems and making predictions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main argument of social constructivism in relation to scientific knowledge?

    <p>Scientific knowledge is derived from collective observations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why has theoretical pluralism been criticized according to the text?

    <p>It forfeits the benefits of examining inter-theoretic relations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does reductionism focus on in terms of scientific theories?

    <p>Thesis about ontologies, laws, theories, or linguistic expressions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is theoretical pluralism referred to as the 'disunity of science'?

    <p>It promotes a multidisciplinary approach rather than a unified body of knowledge.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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