Philosophy of Mind: Externalism and Identity Theory

<p>Physical states cannot possess both non-inferential knowability and causal relevance, two features associated with mental states. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The first feature of the Cartesian conception of the mind entails non-inferential knowability, standing in opposition to the plausibility of the psychophysical identity theory. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It suggests relational states are 'screened off' from behavioral effects by non-relational physical states. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Behavior (described physically) remaining the same coupled with one's non-relational physical states remaining the same while one's thought contents vary appears to show that relational states are “screened off” from the relevant effect types by the non-relational physical states. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Functionalism faces a challenge because it relies on causal relations, but struggles with the causal relevance of relational properties. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is the most prominent feature of our mental lives. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>William James (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are compelling when considered individually, but inconsistent when combined. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It proves to be elusive when examined closely. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Which propositions are rejected from the inconsistent set. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It requires a deeper inquiry into what consciousness entails. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It remains unresolved and complex. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It appears to vanish or become empty. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Confusing understanding of concepts with competence in using terms. (C), Assuming a correspondence between terms and properties. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The idea of metaphysical necessity. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They emphasize relational properties and environmental interactions. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Social externalism focuses on how our thoughts are influenced by social context. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>States that are defined by environmental relations. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It reduces concepts of mental states to functional and causal relations. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are seen as overly reliant on environmental factors. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>States that are completely independent of relational properties. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An account of its grounding (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Theories that rely on empirical results (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A description of the property matches the theoretical term. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>'Water' is identified through its molecular structure. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Empirical investigation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Both material and mental substances exist. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is known by its practical applications. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A conceptual truth (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>René Descartes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It finds a place for irreducible mental properties in a mechanical system. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Terms are empirically linked to definable properties. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>That which is absolutely independent of everything else. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Substances lack any properties. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The emergence of modern physics and mechanical philosophy. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>As something that is neither said of a subject nor in a subject. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Substances are distinct and can exist separately from their properties. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mental properties are indeed physical properties based on specific roles. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It involves theoretical identifications and is stronger than nomological necessity. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is considered an empirical discovery. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are introduced to track properties expected to fulfill specific roles. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The identification of gold with the element of atomic number 79. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It creates stronger identities between mental and physical phenomena. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are shaped by the structure of our folk theory of psychology. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is weaker than conceptual necessity but stronger than nomological necessity. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A philosophical issue concerning the relationship between mental states and physical processes.

The state of being aware of and able to think about one's own existence and experiences.

Characteristics that differentiate mental phenomena, primarily identified as consciousness.

The process of distinguishing different mental states based on their properties.

Described consciousness as elusive and difficult to define when closely examined.

Difficulties in making substantive statements about consciousness due to differing interpretations.

Emphasized consciousness as the first concrete fact of inner experience.

The idea that four separate propositions about mind and body clash when considered together.

The view that both material and mental substances exist.

Substances that have only physical properties, no mental properties.

Substances that have only mental properties, no physical properties.

A prominent defender of dualism and the mechanical philosophy.

The view that the natural world can be explained as a mechanical system.

An independent existent that can undergo change and persist.

Mental qualities that cannot be explained solely through physical processes.

The medieval philosophical tradition recovering Aristotle's works.

The relation that holds between an object and itself, necessary and non-contingent.

Theories asserting mental properties are physical properties based on their roles.

A condition that could possibly not be true; not necessary.

A finding based on observation or experimentation, rather than a priori reasoning.

A type of necessity stronger than natural laws, specific to identified natural kinds.

The necessity derived from natural laws, weaker than metaphysical necessity.

A necessity known a priori, grounded in concepts rather than empirical observation.

The theoretical links between mental states and physical phenomena, claimed to be metaphysically necessary.

The grasp of what a term or idea expresses based on descriptive properties.

Terms in theories that represent properties or phenomena in empirical investigation.

A systematic process for discovering properties through observation and experimentation.

The distinction between what a term expresses (concept) and what it refers to (property).

Knowledge that is known independently of experience, typically through reason alone.

Terms that refer to categories of objects or substances based on shared characteristics.

Using specific features of objects to apply corresponding terms accurately.

The view that the meanings of thoughts depend on external contexts or environments.

Characteristics that depend on a relationship with external entities or conditions.

The importance of one factor influencing another's behavior or properties.

When certain factors do not impact a behavior due to other overriding factors.

The ability to know something directly without needing further information.

The idea of mental states being inherently known by their possessor, not others.

The approach that explains complex phenomena in simpler terms, often downplaying the uniqueness of mental states.

A perspective that combines elements of functionalism and externalism in understanding thought content.

The theory suggesting that mental states are defined by their functional roles rather than by their internal constituents.

Mental states that are individuated based on external relations and factors.

Mental states that are defined by internal conditions, independent of external factors.

A view that links thought contents to relations with the physical environment.

The idea that thought contents are influenced by the linguistic community's usage of language.