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Questions and Answers
What is defined as achieving self-actualization and fulfillment according to Aristotle?
What is defined as achieving self-actualization and fulfillment according to Aristotle?
- Self-realization
- Human flourishing (correct)
- Moral integrity
- Personal development
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of human flourishing?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of human flourishing?
- Requires external validation (correct)
- Depends on free will
- Sustained over time
- Involves action of one’s virtues
What has contributed to the reduction of mortality rates?
What has contributed to the reduction of mortality rates?
- Less emphasis on education
- Increased access to technology
- Improved medical care (correct)
- Higher birth rates
What role does free will play in human flourishing?
What role does free will play in human flourishing?
How is human flourishing affected by science and technology?
How is human flourishing affected by science and technology?
Which statement best describes the process of human flourishing?
Which statement best describes the process of human flourishing?
What does the increase in literacy rates indicate?
What does the increase in literacy rates indicate?
Which of the following is a misconception about human flourishing?
Which of the following is a misconception about human flourishing?
How did ancient Greek philosophers generally view technology?
How did ancient Greek philosophers generally view technology?
What aspect of technology did Aristotle emphasize?
What aspect of technology did Aristotle emphasize?
Which philosopher is associated with the work titled 'The Question Concerning Technology'?
Which philosopher is associated with the work titled 'The Question Concerning Technology'?
What was Martin Heidegger's original field of study before he shifted to philosophy?
What was Martin Heidegger's original field of study before he shifted to philosophy?
Which of the following does NOT describe a typical viewpoint toward technology in the content?
Which of the following does NOT describe a typical viewpoint toward technology in the content?
What major philosophical themes are attributed to Martin Heidegger's works?
What major philosophical themes are attributed to Martin Heidegger's works?
What was one focus of Heidegger's works during the 1930s to 1940s?
What was one focus of Heidegger's works during the 1930s to 1940s?
What is one learning objective for this module?
What is one learning objective for this module?
What does Heidegger mean by 'questioning is the piety of thought'?
What does Heidegger mean by 'questioning is the piety of thought'?
How does Heidegger define technology?
How does Heidegger define technology?
What does Heidegger suggest is the danger of modern technology?
What does Heidegger suggest is the danger of modern technology?
What is techne in relation to art according to Heidegger?
What is techne in relation to art according to Heidegger?
How does Heidegger propose art can help humanity?
How does Heidegger propose art can help humanity?
What does the term enframing imply in the context of modern technology?
What does the term enframing imply in the context of modern technology?
What characterizes Heidegger's view on art compared to traditional concepts?
What characterizes Heidegger's view on art compared to traditional concepts?
Why does Heidegger suggest that humanity needs to engage in questioning?
Why does Heidegger suggest that humanity needs to engage in questioning?
What is meant by causa formalis in the context of the four causes?
What is meant by causa formalis in the context of the four causes?
Which of the following best describes poiesis?
Which of the following best describes poiesis?
What does Aletheia, in the context provided, translate to?
What does Aletheia, in the context provided, translate to?
Which of the following causes is associated with the need for a silver chalice's purpose?
Which of the following causes is associated with the need for a silver chalice's purpose?
What concept did Heidegger associate with revealing or uncovering?
What concept did Heidegger associate with revealing or uncovering?
What is causa efficiens commonly thought to refer to?
What is causa efficiens commonly thought to refer to?
What does the term poiesis involve when referring to natural occurrence?
What does the term poiesis involve when referring to natural occurrence?
How can the essence of technology be described as per the content provided?
How can the essence of technology be described as per the content provided?
How does modern technology differ from pre-modern technology according to Heidegger?
How does modern technology differ from pre-modern technology according to Heidegger?
What does the term ‘standing reserve’ refer to in the context of modern technology?
What does the term ‘standing reserve’ refer to in the context of modern technology?
In what way can humans be perceived as standing reserve in modern technology?
In what way can humans be perceived as standing reserve in modern technology?
What is the danger of technology according to Heidegger?
What is the danger of technology according to Heidegger?
How does Heidegger's view challenge the common notion of the relationship between science and technology?
How does Heidegger's view challenge the common notion of the relationship between science and technology?
What changes in human perception occur as a result of modern technology?
What changes in human perception occur as a result of modern technology?
What does Heidegger mean by the ‘attitude of enframing’?
What does Heidegger mean by the ‘attitude of enframing’?
What is a significant consequence of viewing objects primarily for their future potential?
What is a significant consequence of viewing objects primarily for their future potential?
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Study Notes
Martin Heidegger
- German philosopher known for existentialism, hermeneutics, and phenomenology
- Studied theology, switched to philosophy
- Influenced by Aristotle, Kant, Kierkegaard, Nietzsche, Dilthey, and Husserl
- Famous work "Being and Time"
- Later works focused on poetry and technology
- Wrote "The Question Concerning Technology"
Human Flourishing
- Defined by Aristotle as achieving self-actualization and fulfillment
- A process of developing personal capacities, strengths and virtues
- Conscious process, interrelated with social and environmental context
- Characterized by:
- All humans aim to flourish
- It involves putting into action one's capabilities and virtues
- It depends on free will
- It is sustained over time
- It involves doing well in different areas of human life
Technology and Human Flourishing
- Science and technology progress alongside civilization
- Overdependence on technology can threaten human flourishing
Instrumental and Anthropological View of Technology
- Instrumental view: focus on tools, machines, and their uses
- Anthropological view: focus on ends and procuring means to achieve them
- Heidegger believed there is more to technology than these views
The Four Causes (Aristotle)
- Causa materialis: material of which something is made
- Causa formalis: form of the material
- Causa finalis: purpose of the thing
- Causa efficiens: the cause of the thing's formation
Poiesis and Aletheia
- Poiesis: the process of something coming into existence
- Two forms:
- External influence: bringing-forth by another agent
- Natural occurrence: bringing-forth within itself
- Aletheia: "unveiling" or "truth" - the negation of covering over
- Truth for Heidegger: uncovering of beings
- Untruth: covering over of beings
The Essence of Modern Technology
- Modern technology differs from pre-modern technology
- Modern technology "challenges forth," pre-modern technology "brings forth"
- Modern technology:
- age of switches, standing reserve, stockpiling
- views objects for their future potential
- views humans for what they can do, not who they are
Enframing
- An attitude of viewing nature as calculable and orderable
- Nature is manipulated and controlled
- Can lead to negative impacts
The Danger of Technology
- Technology becomes dangerous when we are consumed or controlled by it
- Danger lies in the possibility of denying ourselves access to more original revealing and truth
- Questioning is important to avoid the dangers of technology
Technology and Art
- Heidegger believed art is a way out of enframing
- Art leads to meditative thinking: seeing the beauty of technology
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