Philosophy of Freedom

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Questions and Answers

According to Thomas Aquinas, what is the role of the intellect in relation to the will?

Determines that the end can be achieved

Determines the best means for the given circumstances

Determines various means to achieve the end

Apprehends a situation and determines that a particular end is appropriate (correct)

The concept of the will has been interpreted as a personal faculty by which philosophers?

Plato, Aristotle, Aquinas, Descartes, and Kant (correct)

Spinoza, Leibniz, and Huma

Sartre and Gabriel Marcel

Jean-Paul Sartre

What is the main theme in existentialist philosophy according to the text?

Autonomy is not an important theme

Participation in one’s community leads to true freedom (correct)

Achieving autonomy in isolation from one’s community

Conflict with others leads to true freedom

Which philosopher dubbed a group of philosophers as existentialists?

Jean-Paul Sartre Signup and view all the answers

What gives human beings dignity?

Determining their own lives by their own free choices Signup and view all the answers

What does the will approve, according to Thomas Aquinas' ideas about the will and human freedom?

Simple volition for a particular end Signup and view all the answers

What does the intellect do in relation to counsel according to Thomas Aquinas' ideas about the will and human freedom?

Determines various means to achieve the end Signup and view all the answers

Where is true freedom or autonomy achieved according to Jean-Paul Sartre?

In contradicting others Signup and view all the answers

What does human freedom represent according to the text?

The state of being able to direct our lives Signup and view all the answers

According to Thomas Aquinas' ideas about the will and human freedom, what does intellect determine?

The best means for the given circumstances Signup and view all the answers

What is freedom according to the passage?

The power rooted in reason and will to act or not to act Signup and view all the answers

According to the passage, what is the will of humanity considered to be?

An instrument of free choice Signup and view all the answers

What does the passage suggest about moral acts?

They are always particular acts and within our power Signup and view all the answers

According to the passage, what is not an excuse for immoral conduct?

Character or habit Signup and view all the answers

What is the responsibility of a student, as mentioned in the passage?

Attending class and facing consequences of cutting class Signup and view all the answers

What does the passage suggest about the regret of a student who cuts class?

Regret does not reverse the consequences Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Intellect and Will

According to Thomas Aquinas, the intellect plays a role in presenting alternatives to the will, and the will selects one of these alternatives.
The will approves of the alternative that is in line with the intellect's judgment.

Existentialist Philosophy

The main theme in existentialist philosophy is that human beings have complete freedom to choose their own path in life.
The philosopher who first dubbed a group of philosophers as existentialists was Jean-Paul Sartre.

Human Freedom and Autonomy

Human beings achieve true freedom or autonomy when they take full responsibility for their choices and actions, according to Jean-Paul Sartre.
Human freedom represents the ability to make choices and take responsibility for those choices.
According to Thomas Aquinas, intellect determines the means to achieve a goal, but the will determines the goal itself.

Human Dignity and Moral Acts

Human beings derive dignity from their ability to make choices and take responsibility for those choices.
Moral acts are those that are in line with reason and the natural order of things.
The passage suggests that moral acts are a result of the will's decision, not of external circumstances.
Ignorance or external circumstances are not an excuse for immoral conduct.

Student Responsibility

The responsibility of a student is to take full responsibility for their choices and actions, including attending classes.
The passage suggests that a student who cuts class will likely regret their decision and may not have a valid excuse for their action.

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Description

Explore the concept of freedom and its roots in reason and will, as well as the ethical considerations of using freedom for good or abuse. Delve into the perspectives of philosophers like Aristotle on the power of freedom and its implications.