Philosophy in Life: Week 3 Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Western philosophy emphasizes collectivism over individualism.

False (B)

Natural philosophy focuses primarily on the character of nature and reality.

True (A)

Eastern philosophy is fully conceptual and relies on rational thought.

False (B)

Darshana is the Sanskrit term that means 'vision of ultimate reality'.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Chinese term for philosophy translates to 'wise study'.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Western philosophy focuses more on humanism than on problem solving.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Eastern philosophy often employs deductive methods to explore reality.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Eastern philosophy is primarily hands-on compared to Western philosophy.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Both Western and Eastern philosophies focus on virtues.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Metaphysics is concerned with the questions of reality and existence.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Axiology deals with the theory of knowledge.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Epistemology asks questions related to the nature and limits of knowledge.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Sociology is considered a theoretical branch of philosophy.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The philosophy branch of axiology is concerned with what must be liked and beautiful.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Political philosophy is a branch that focuses solely on economic issues.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The new branch of philosophy includes ecology.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Practical philosophy focuses on theoretical concepts without specific applications.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Political philosophy seeks to address how best to organize our collective lives, including economic systems.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Plato's writings provide guidance on the characteristics of good governance.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Economic philosophy does not consider the concepts of economic justice and fairness.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

All government administrative systems are unrelated to philosophical principles.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Theoretical philosophy deals with fundamental questions that require deep intellectual thought.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Theoretical philosophy has a concrete use in everyday situations.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Discussions in theoretical philosophy are typically clear and straightforward.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The desire to know more about fundamental questions is satisfied through theoretical philosophy.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Theoretical philosophy is only relevant to Western thought.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Root questions in theoretical philosophy can be considered abstract in nature.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Theoretical philosophy does not address any intellectual thoughts.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Ethics is a branch that can be associated with theoretical philosophy.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Discussions in theoretical philosophy are generally practical.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Theoretical philosophy can help to clarify complex philosophical issues.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Aesthetics is primarily concerned with the philosophical investigation of knowledge.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Ethics, also known as moral philosophy, examines the basic standards of morality.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Epistemology is the study of ethics and moral philosophy.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In social and political philosophy, the nature of justice is one of the core themes explored.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The study of axiology primarily examines the principles of aesthetic judgment.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to epistemology, opinion is considered equivalent to knowledge.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The nature and purpose of law fall under the study of social and political philosophy.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Aesthetic judgment can determine fine art from useful art.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The theory of value excludes moral considerations.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Is the death penalty considered a topic examined by ethics?

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Flashcards

Western Philosophy: Focus

Western philosophy emphasizes intellectual pursuits focused on problem-solving, often with an academic approach.

Western Philosophy: Individualism

Western philosophy values individual autonomy and focuses on personal beliefs and experiences.

Eastern Philosophy: Approach

Eastern philosophy seeks to understand reality through inductive reasoning and metaphysical perspectives, not necessarily requiring rational explanations.

Eastern Philosophy: Religion

Eastern philosophy is deeply intertwined with religious beliefs and practices, drawing inspiration from spiritual teachings.

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Eastern Philosophy: Collectivism

Eastern philosophy emphasizes collective responsibility and interconnectedness, promoting harmony within society.

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Darshana (Sanskrit)

The Sanskrit term 'Darshana' literally translates to 'vision,' encompassing a profound understanding of ultimate reality.

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Je Shwe (Chinese)

The Chinese term 'Je Shwe' which means 'wise study' reflects the Eastern approach to philosophy as a pursuit of knowledge and wisdom.

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Theoretical Philosophy

Branch of philosophy that delves into fundamental, root questions demanding deep intellectual exploration.

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Western Philosophy

A type of philosophy that emphasizes logic, reason, and problem-solving. It often focuses on individual autonomy.

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Eastern Philosophy

A type of philosophy that emphasizes intuition, experience, and interconnectedness. It often focuses on the interconnectedness of all things.

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Islamic Philosophy

A type of philosophy that emphasizes reason and revelation. It is often infused with religious and spiritual teachings.

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Metaphysics

The branch of philosophy that explores the fundamental nature of existence and reality.

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Epistemology

The branch of philosophy that investigates the theory of knowledge and how we acquire and validate it.

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Axiology

The branch of philosophy that examines values, including ethics (goodness), aesthetics (beauty), and morality.

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Political Philosophy

The study of the state, governance, and politics, exploring concepts like justice, power, and the nature of a good society.

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Economic Philosophy

A major area of practical philosophy concerned with the study of the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services.

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Sociology

The study of human social behavior, social structures, and interactions within groups and societies.

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Psychology

The study of the human mind and behavior, including thoughts, emotions, motivations, learning, and perception.

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What is political philosophy about?

Political philosophy examines questions related to the purpose and nature of governance, the ideal form of government, and the qualities of good leadership.

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Political philosophy and government systems

Political philosophers argue for specific forms of government, like democracy, republic, or even monarchy, and analyze their strengths and weaknesses.

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What does economic philosophy ask?

Economic philosophy explores questions like defining economic justice, ensuring fair trade practices, and exploring the role of government in managing the economy.

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What is Aesthetics?

Aesthetics is the branch of philosophy that deals with the nature of beauty, art, and taste.

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What is Ethics?

Ethics is the branch of philosophy that deals with morality, right and wrong, and the nature of good and evil.

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What is Social and Political Philosophy?

Social and Political Philosophy explores questions about the nature of government, justice, liberty, and equality.

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What is Epistemology?

Epistemology is the branch of philosophy that deals with the nature, sources, and limits of knowledge.

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What is Axiology?

Axiology is the philosophical study of value.

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What is the Death Penalty?

The death penalty is a legal punishment for the most serious crimes, usually involving execution.

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What is Abortion?

Abortion is the termination of a pregnancy before the fetus is viable.

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What is Discrimination?

Discrimination is treating someone unfairly based on factors like race, gender, or age.

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What is the "War on Drugs"?

The "war on drugs" refers to a global campaign against illegal drug production, distribution, and use.

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What is Knowledge?

Knowledge refers to justified true belief, meaning something we believe is true and we have good reasons to believe it.

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Study Notes

Week 3: Philosophy in Life

  • This week's module covers philosophy in life, including its Western and Eastern perspectives, branches (theoretical and practical), and new philosophies.
  • Learning outcomes include elaborating on theoretical and practical philosophy, and analyzing emerging philosophical branches.

What is Philosophy: Western & Eastern Perspectives

  • Western philosophy emphasizes logical reasoning and categorization.
  • Eastern philosophy prioritizes generalizing ideas to reflect the same truth.
  • Philosophy has multiple interpretations and orientations.
  • Problems are solved logically and mathematically.

Branches of Philosophy

  • Theoretical philosophy: Metaphysics, axiology, epistemology, and psychology.
  • Practical philosophy: Political philosophy, economic philosophy, and sociology.
  • New philosophy: Technology and ecology.

Theoretical Philosophy

  • Metaphysics: Investigates the nature of reality, being, and existence.
    • Ontology (being in general) explores if there is something rather than nothing, what is ultimately real?
    • Cosmology (the cosmos) questions the nature of the universe, how it is structured, if the universe has a beginning, and if it will have an end.
    • Theology (God and the gods) explores whether God or gods exist, what they are like, and how existence aligns with pain, suffering, and evil
    • Anthropology (human nature and human existence) questions human nature, how humans are related to their bodies, and if people are free to make choices.
  • Axiology (theory of value): Investigates the nature of values and the foundations of value judgments.
    • Aesthetics (philosophy of art) discusses art versus non-art, authentic vs. unauthentic art, the standards of aesthetic judgment, and the purpose of art.
    • Ethics (moral philosophy) examines the fundamental standards of morality, the differences between right and wrong, and the morality of topics like abortion, war, racial/gender/age discrimination, and the "war on drugs".
    • Social & Political Philosophy investigates the sources, nature, and purposes of government, the relationships between the individual, society and the state, and the nature of justice, liberty, equality, and law.
  • Epistemology (theory of knowledge): Investigates the nature of knowledge and truth.
  • questions the nature of knowledge, the sources of knowledge, the extent of knowledge, the difference between knowledge & opinion, and the difference between truth & falsity.

Practical Philosophy

  • Political philosophy examines the ways of arranging society's economic, family, and other patterns of life and the basic principles that justifies particular forms of states.
  • Economic philosophy investigates economic justice and fairness in trading, resource allocation, and the development of policies that uphold fairness.
  • Sociology philosophy analyzes social conditions and intellectual activity.

New Philosophy (branches under this)

  • Technology: Philosophy that deals with the impacts of technology on humans, questioning if technology extends human capabilities or introduces potential threats.
  • Ecology: Philosophical views on the nature and severity of the current environmental crisis, focusing on how humans can achieve eco-friendly environments and the crucial relationship between humans and nature.

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Related Documents

Week 3 Lecture Notes - Philosophy In Life PDF

Description

Explore the diverse perspectives of philosophy in life, including both Western and Eastern viewpoints. This quiz covers various branches such as theoretical and practical philosophy, and introduces new philosophies emerging from modern issues. Test your understanding of philosophical concepts and their applications in everyday life.

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