Philosophical Views on the Self

According to Aristotle, the human soul can be separated from the body.

St. Augustine believed that all knowledge leads to the Divine.

Thomas Aquinas believed that the soul is what animates the body, making us human.

Rene Descartes is known as the Father of Ancient Philosophy.

Aristotle's orientation was Rationalism.

In Medieval Neoplatonism, only the impure in heart can see God.

Plato believed that the body is perfect and permanent.

According to Plato, self-knowledge is not considered a virtue.

Plato believed that the soul attains knowledge through the senses.

Plato's philosophy emphasizes that justice can be achieved when the three parts of the soul work harmoniously together.

According to Plato, human beings are self-sufficient and do not need others.

Plato believed that ignorance personifies good, while knowledge personifies evil.

Socrates and Plato explained the Self from a practical and illogical orientation.

Aristotle derived views of the self from philosophical and artistic underpinnings.

St. Augustine adopted the views of Aristotle in his religious philosophy.

John Locke, David Hume, and Immanuel Kant were rationalist philosophers.

Rene Descartes was a dominant irrational philosopher during the Middle Ages.

Majority of contemporary philosophers like Gilbert Ryle and Patricia Churchland are rationalists.

According to John Locke, personal identity is based on the substance of the soul.

David Hume argued that all knowledge is derived from senses and there is no self, only a bundle of perceptions.

Cogito is considered the extension of the mind in John Locke's philosophy.

David Hume categorized knowledge into impressions and ideas, with impressions being products of direct experience.

John Locke believed that personal identity is rooted in the body, not consciousness.

According to Descartes, one can doubt the existence of the self.

According to Gilbert Ryle, the mind is the seat of self.

Paul Churchland argues that beliefs are essential for understanding the self.

Maurice Merleau-Ponty argued that empiricism and rationalism are flawless in nature.

Immanuel Kant proposed that the inner self consists of irrational reasoning and psychological states.

Gilbert Ryle suggested that the only way the mind can affect the physical body is through the external world.

Paul Churchland believed that a mature neuroscience will lead to a better understanding of the self.