28 Questions
What did the author deny about external reality?
It consists of inert matter
What concept does the author propose when stating 'To be is to be perceived'?
All reality consists of our perceptions
In the text, what does the rejection of primary qualities imply?
Primary qualities do not exist, only secondary qualities do
How does the text suggest that the existence of the physical world is sustained?
Through the perceptions of humans
What idea does the text propose about reality and perception?
All reality consists of secondary qualities
How are experiences recorded in the brain?
As an interrelated package
What process is responsible for converting simple ideas into complex ideas according to the text?
Association
How does involuntary behavior gradually become voluntary according to the text?
As a result of the law of contiguity
What did Hartley's brand of associationism focus on primarily?
Biological correlates of mental events
How long was Hartley's brand of associationism considered the authoritative psychological account?
80 years
Which statement accurately reflects Hartley's view on the formation of complex ideas?
Simple ideas become complex through the process of association.
What was David Hartley's goal as a philosopher?
To explain how vibrations from sensory experiences in nerves lead to sensations and ideas.
According to David Hartley's account of association, what are 'vibratiuncles'?
The lingering vibrations in the brain that correspond to ideas.
What did David Hartley propose about simple and complex ideas?
Complex ideas develop from lingering vibrations in the brain.
How did David Hartley apply the laws of association to voluntary behavior?
By explaining how simple reflexes are connected to complex behaviors.
How did John B. Watson's views differ from David Hartley's on the development of complex behaviors?
Watson rejected the notion that reflexes were the foundation for skilled coordinated performances.
In what way were David Hartley's ideas about the development of behaviors validated?
His ideas were ultimately not validated
What is the scientist's job in describing the physical world?
Describing the relationships among mental phenomena without metaphysical speculation
Which philosopher believed in the process of mental chemistry where individual sensations combine to form new sensations?
James Mill
According to James Mill, what do all mental events consist of?
Sensations and ideas held together by association
Who disagreed with James Mill about reducing all complex ideas to simple ideas?
John Stuart Mill
What did John Stuart Mill propose as a way complex ideas could be distinctly different from simple ideas?
A process of mental chemistry
According to Positivism, what should science study?
Only publicly observed events or overt behavior
What did Comte emphasize in his utopia?
Happiness of the group
According to Comte, which science is considered the most comprehensive in his hierarchy?
Sociology
What did Ernst Mach, the physicist, focus on in his second type of positivism?
Relationship among sensations
Which belief states that all mental phenomena can be explained by laws of association?
Associationism
In what way did Comte reduce psychology according to the text?
To physiology
Test your knowledge on different philosophical views on reality, including concepts such as external reality, perceptions, primary and secondary qualities, and the role of God in giving existence to the physical world.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
