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Questions and Answers
A political system is solely responsible for the distribution of educational resources within a society.
A political system is solely responsible for the distribution of educational resources within a society.
False
In the political system of the Philippines, the president serves as both the head of government and the head of state.
In the political system of the Philippines, the president serves as both the head of government and the head of state.
True
A political party's primary role is to represent citizens in the judiciary.
A political party's primary role is to represent citizens in the judiciary.
False
Political systems are formed exclusively to determine the roles and responsibilities of government leaders.
Political systems are formed exclusively to determine the roles and responsibilities of government leaders.
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A political party consists only of leaders who formulate the party's ideology.
A political party consists only of leaders who formulate the party's ideology.
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In a parliamentary system, smaller parties often increase their number of seats relative to larger parties.
In a parliamentary system, smaller parties often increase their number of seats relative to larger parties.
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A multi-party system is characterized by the presence of two or fewer parties capable of forming a government.
A multi-party system is characterized by the presence of two or fewer parties capable of forming a government.
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Interest groups always focus on policies that will benefit the entire society rather than specific segments.
Interest groups always focus on policies that will benefit the entire society rather than specific segments.
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Coalition governments are formed when no single party achieves a clear majority in a multi-party system.
Coalition governments are formed when no single party achieves a clear majority in a multi-party system.
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The military is considered a type of interest group due to its organized nature and objectives.
The military is considered a type of interest group due to its organized nature and objectives.
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Study Notes
Political System
- A political system refers to a set of organized institutions that govern a society.
- It ensures the fair and equitable distribution of resources.
- Political systems are essential for smooth governance and policy implementation.
- They establish leadership roles and responsibilities.
- A key characteristic of political systems is the monopoly of legitimate force to control citizens.
Philippines Political System
- The Philippines utilizes a presidential, representative, and democratic republic system.
- The president holds both the head of state and head of government roles.
- The political system is structured into three branches:
- Executive Branch (law-enforcement)
- Legislative Branch (law-making)
- Judicial Branch (law-interpreting)
Political Party System
- A political party functions as a group of individuals uniting to contest elections and gain government power.
- It mobilizes voters to support common interests and goals.
- Key roles of political parties include:
- Setting political agendas
- Formulating policies
- Persuading voters
- Political parties consist of:
- Leaders (policy and program development, candidate selection)
- Active members (committee involvement and active participation)
- Followers (ideological support and voting)
Types of Party Systems
- Two-Party System: Two major parties hold the majority of seats, often seen in Canada and Great Britain.
- Multi-Party System: Three or more parties have the potential to form a government, either independently or through a coalition. This is the most common system.
- Coalition Government: When no single party achieves a majority, several parties combine forces to form a government.
Interest Group
- Also known as special interest groups, advocacy groups, or pressure groups.
- Associations of individuals or organizations that influence public policy for shared benefits.
- Primary goal of interest groups is to influence government policy to benefit themselves or their causes.
- Methods of achieving their goals include lobbying, which involves applying pressure on policymakers.
- Interest groups span various communities ranging from narrow (e.g., Japan Eraser Manufacturers Association) to very broad (e.g., American Federation of Labor - Congress of Industrial Organizations).
- These groups play a crucial role at all levels of government and are increasingly active in international affairs.
Types Of Interest Groups
-
Economic Interest Groups: Highly prevalent and prominent across countries.
- Include: business groups, labor groups, farm groups, and professional groups.
-
Cause Groups: Represent a specific segment of society advocating for non-economic causes or values.
- Examples include: churches, religious organizations, and groups promoting disability rights
- Public Interest Groups: Focus on broader public concerns like environmental protection, human rights, and consumer rights.
Social Movements
- Sustained campaigns geared towards achieving social change.
- These campaigns can involve implementing or preventing structural or social value changes.
- Social movements are collective efforts, often stemming from shared outlooks.
- They are a blend of organization and spontaneity.
- Organizations provide structure and leadership while the boundaries of the movement extend beyond these organizations.
Types of Social Movements
- Reform Movements: Aim to improve existing values while preserving them.
- Revolutionary Movements: Propose replacing existing values.
Political Culture
- A nation's political characteristics, encompassing deeply ingrained political traits.
- It reflects the attitudes, values, and beliefs of a society toward its political system, including how the government works.
- It fosters community and communication through shared understanding of political events.
Types of Political Culture
- Parochial Political Culture: Citizens have limited awareness of the central government and are minimally involved in political affairs. This is common in underdeveloped countries.
- Subject Political Culture: Citizens have awareness and understanding of the political system and its impact on their lives. Limited participation in political decision-making.
- Participant Political Culture: Citizens are politically aware and actively participate in the system. They understand their rights and potential influence over political processes.
Political Activism
- Use of online initiatives and campaigns to raise awareness about political issues and encourage political reforms.
- Activism drives policy changes and legislation in many democracies.
- It emphasizes the power of individuals in achieving socio-political goals.
Political Communication
- A continuous exchange of information among policymakers, the news media, and the public.
- It occurs in three directions:
- Downward (from government institutions to citizens)
- Horizontal (communication between political actors)
- Upward (public opinion influencing authorities)
- The shift from traditional media (newspapers, radio, television) to the internet has transformed political communication.
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Description
This quiz provides an overview of the political system in the Philippines, including its structure, branches, and characteristics. Learn about the presidential, representative, and democratic republic framework, as well as the role of political parties in governance. Test your knowledge on how these components work together to establish a functioning political environment.
