Podcast
Questions and Answers
What was the primary purpose of anthropology when it began in the Philippines?
What was the primary purpose of anthropology when it began in the Philippines?
- To document archaeological findings
- To promote sociological theories
- To assist in colonization efforts (correct)
- To study Philippine folklore
Who was the first Filipino to obtain a Ph.D. in sociology?
Who was the first Filipino to obtain a Ph.D. in sociology?
- Trinidad Pardo de Tavera
- Alfred Marche
- José Rizal
- Serafin Macaraig (correct)
Which American anthropologist conducted field studies on hill peoples in the Philippines?
Which American anthropologist conducted field studies on hill peoples in the Philippines?
- Antonio Pigafetta
- Alfred Marche
- Roy Franklin Barton (correct)
- Loarca
What influential perspective seeped into sociology in the Philippines during the 1950s?
What influential perspective seeped into sociology in the Philippines during the 1950s?
Which organization was established by the American government to study various ethnic groups in the Philippines?
Which organization was established by the American government to study various ethnic groups in the Philippines?
Which two universities were notable for training Filipino scholars in sociology and anthropology abroad?
Which two universities were notable for training Filipino scholars in sociology and anthropology abroad?
Which of the following did NOT contribute to the development of sociology and anthropology in the Philippines?
Which of the following did NOT contribute to the development of sociology and anthropology in the Philippines?
What significant change occurred in sociology in the Philippines after World War II?
What significant change occurred in sociology in the Philippines after World War II?
What did Comte believe about the methods of natural sciences?
What did Comte believe about the methods of natural sciences?
What significant term did Comte coin?
What significant term did Comte coin?
What aspect of American society did Harriet Martineau emphasize in her writings?
What aspect of American society did Harriet Martineau emphasize in her writings?
What was the primary theme of Marx's 'Communist Manifesto'?
What was the primary theme of Marx's 'Communist Manifesto'?
What does Marx’s Theory of Evolution emphasize?
What does Marx’s Theory of Evolution emphasize?
What social change was occurring during Marx’s development of his theories?
What social change was occurring during Marx’s development of his theories?
Which factor did Harriet Martineau focus on in her book 'Society in America'?
Which factor did Harriet Martineau focus on in her book 'Society in America'?
What is a key critique of Comte’s approach to sociology?
What is a key critique of Comte’s approach to sociology?
What did the author predict would happen to capitalism due to inequalities?
What did the author predict would happen to capitalism due to inequalities?
What principle proposes that society evolves similar to animal species according to Herbert Spencer?
What principle proposes that society evolves similar to animal species according to Herbert Spencer?
Which phrase is associated with Herbert Spencer's views on evolution and society?
Which phrase is associated with Herbert Spencer's views on evolution and society?
What significant act did Emile Durkheim accomplish in the field of sociology?
What significant act did Emile Durkheim accomplish in the field of sociology?
How did Durkheim contribute to the methodology of sociology?
How did Durkheim contribute to the methodology of sociology?
What unique study did Durkheim conduct in 1897, showcasing his methodology?
What unique study did Durkheim conduct in 1897, showcasing his methodology?
What was the primary focus of Durkheim’s research as noted in his methodologies?
What was the primary focus of Durkheim’s research as noted in his methodologies?
Which community comparison did Durkheim specifically make in his study?
Which community comparison did Durkheim specifically make in his study?
Who introduced sociology to the Philippines in 1896?
Who introduced sociology to the Philippines in 1896?
What does Structural Functionalism view society as?
What does Structural Functionalism view society as?
Which of the following is NOT an example of Symbolic Interactionism?
Which of the following is NOT an example of Symbolic Interactionism?
Which sociologist emphasized the role of social scientists in advocating for social reform?
Which sociologist emphasized the role of social scientists in advocating for social reform?
What are the functions of laws according to Structural Functionalism?
What are the functions of laws according to Structural Functionalism?
Which of the following scholars had the greatest impact on post-war Philippine social science?
Which of the following scholars had the greatest impact on post-war Philippine social science?
Which of the following best describes Conflict Theory?
Which of the following best describes Conflict Theory?
What is the importance of theory in sociology?
What is the importance of theory in sociology?
Which countries are mentioned as destinations for students pursuing doctoral studies abroad?
Which countries are mentioned as destinations for students pursuing doctoral studies abroad?
What is a primary goal of sociologists and anthropologists mentioned in the content?
What is a primary goal of sociologists and anthropologists mentioned in the content?
How are sociology and anthropology described in terms of their relationship?
How are sociology and anthropology described in terms of their relationship?
Which approach is commonly maintained by both sociologists and anthropologists?
Which approach is commonly maintained by both sociologists and anthropologists?
What was sociology initially focused on according to the content provided?
What was sociology initially focused on according to the content provided?
Which anthropologist is credited with the early formulation of the concept of culture?
Which anthropologist is credited with the early formulation of the concept of culture?
What aspect do both sociology and anthropology study?
What aspect do both sociology and anthropology study?
Which of the following statements accurately describes the disciplines mentioned?
Which of the following statements accurately describes the disciplines mentioned?
Study Notes
Historical Background of Sociology and Anthropology in the Philippines
- Close collaboration exists between sociology and social anthropology in the Philippines.
- Anthropology originated as a tool for colonizers, primarily serving religious and governmental purposes.
- Early ethnographic accounts from Spanish chroniclers, such as Antonio Pigafetta and Fr. Pedro Chirino, are now utilized for historical studies on Philippine cultures.
- Alfred Marche conducted notable archaeological digs in Marinduque during the 19th century.
- Filipino scholars like José Rizal and Trinidad Pardo de Tavera contributed to ethnolinguistics and folklore studies.
American Influence on Sociological and Anthropological Studies
- The American government established an interest in ethnic diversity in the Philippines, leading to the creation of the Bureau of Non-Christian Tribes, replaced by the Ethnological Survey of the Philippines Office.
- American anthropologists, including H. Otley Beyer and Albert Jenks, conducted extensive field studies.
- Serafin Macaraig became the first Filipino to earn a Ph.D. in sociology in 1920, advocating for a social problem orientation.
- The 1950s brought a scientific perspective into sociology through educational exchange programs, scholarships, and seminars.
Development of Sociology and Anthropology Post-War
- Modern sociology and anthropology in the Philippines emerged after World War II, with increased opportunities for studying abroad.
- Graduates from universities like Chicago and Cornell returned with Western research methodologies, emphasizing social sciences.
- Fulbright professors enhanced interest in social research and teacher training programs for sociology and anthropology.
Interrelationship between Sociology and Anthropology
- Sociology and anthropology share significant overlap, both being recent entrants in academia and emerging from colonization's impact.
- Both disciplines examine social behaviors and interactions, often utilizing each other's data and theories.
- Structural-functionalism, a prominent approach in both fields, traces back to theorists like Bronislaw Malinowski and Talcott Parsons.
Key Figures in Sociology
- Auguste Comte: Coined the term "sociology"; emphasized positivism and the scientific method.
- Harriet Martineau: Translated Comte’s works; examined the effects of economy, law, and population on social issues in "Society in America."
- Karl Marx: Developed class conflict theory; argued that societal changes arise from class struggles within capitalism.
- Herbert Spencer: Proposed social Darwinism, likening societal evolution to natural selection and survival of the fittest.
- Emile Durkheim: Established sociology as a formal discipline; utilized empirical research in studies like "Le Suicide" to analyze social phenomena.
Filipino Contributions to Sociology
- Fr. Valentin Marin introduced sociology to the Philippines through criminology courses at the University of Santo Tomas in 1896.
- Fr. Frank Lynch significantly influenced Philippine social science post-World War II at Ateneo de Manila University.
- Serafin Macaraig published "Introduction to Sociology," being the first Filipino to earn a doctorate in the field.
Theoretical Perspectives in Sociology
- Symbolic Interactionism: Focuses on societal symbols, meaning-making, and communication, exemplified by sign language and traffic signs.
- Structural Functionalism: Views society as a system of interrelated parts contributing to overall stability, addressing both individual needs and societal functions.
- Conflict Theory: Examines power dynamics and struggles within societies, emphasizing resource allocation and societal inequalities.
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Description
Explore the intertwined traditions of sociology and social anthropology in the Philippines. This quiz delves into historical ethnographic accounts and the contributions of early chroniclers. Discover how these disciplines have evolved and their impact on understanding Philippine society and culture.
