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Questions and Answers
What is the primary purpose of the Initiative and Referendum Act?
What is the primary purpose of the Initiative and Referendum Act?
- To empower the people to directly propose and enact laws. (correct)
- To grant the government the power to legislate more effectively.
- To limit citizens' participation in legislative processes.
- To create additional legislative bodies at local levels.
Which of the following correctly defines an 'Initiative' under the Act?
Which of the following correctly defines an 'Initiative' under the Act?
- The power of the people to propose amendments to the Constitution or enact legislation. (correct)
- An official proposal made solely by government officials.
- The authority of Congress to amend the Constitution.
- A process where citizens approve or reject existing laws.
Which of the following options is NOT a form of initiative mentioned in the Act?
Which of the following options is NOT a form of initiative mentioned in the Act?
- Initiative on taxation (correct)
- Initiative on the Constitution
- Initiative on statutes
- Initiative on local legislation
What characterizes an 'Indirect Initiative' as per the Act?
What characterizes an 'Indirect Initiative' as per the Act?
How many systems of initiative are outlined in the Act?
How many systems of initiative are outlined in the Act?
What does a 'Referendum' allow the electorate to do according to the Act?
What does a 'Referendum' allow the electorate to do according to the Act?
Which section of the Initiative and Referendum Act defines the term 'Referendum'?
Which section of the Initiative and Referendum Act defines the term 'Referendum'?
Which of these is a key feature of the Initiative and Referendum Act regarding public participation?
Which of these is a key feature of the Initiative and Referendum Act regarding public participation?
What percentage of registered voters must sign a petition for an initiative on the Constitution?
What percentage of registered voters must sign a petition for an initiative on the Constitution?
Which local government unit does not fall under the definition provided?
Which local government unit does not fall under the definition provided?
What does the term 'plebiscite' refer to in the context of the electoral process?
What does the term 'plebiscite' refer to in the context of the electoral process?
Which of the following best describes a 'proposition' in the context of the electoral process?
Which of the following best describes a 'proposition' in the context of the electoral process?
Which of these statements about the power of initiative and referendum is NOT correct?
Which of these statements about the power of initiative and referendum is NOT correct?
What is the minimum representation required from each legislative district in a petition?
What is the minimum representation required from each legislative district in a petition?
After how many years from the ratification of the 1987 Constitution can an initiative on the Constitution be exercised?
After how many years from the ratification of the 1987 Constitution can an initiative on the Constitution be exercised?
Which of the following entities is responsible for the formal submission of a petition?
Which of the following entities is responsible for the formal submission of a petition?
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Study Notes
Initiative and Referendum Act Overview
- Known as Republic Act No. 6735, enacted on August 4, 1989.
- Establishes a system allowing the public to propose, enact, approve, or reject legislation and constitutional amendments.
Key Concepts Defined
- Initiative: Power of the people to propose amendments to the Constitution or enact legislation through elections.
- Types of Initiatives:
- Constitutional Initiative: Proposition to amend the Constitution.
- Statutory Initiative: Proposal for national legislation.
- Local Initiative: Proposals for regional, provincial, or municipal laws.
- Types of Initiatives:
- Indirect Initiative: Proposal submitted to Congress or local legislative bodies for action.
- Referendum: Electoral process allowing voters to approve or reject legislation.
- Types of Referendums:
- Statutory Referendum: For laws passed by Congress.
- Local Law Referendum: For laws enacted by local legislative bodies.
- Types of Referendums:
- Proposition: Measure proposed by voters for consideration.
- Plebiscite: Specific electoral process for constitutional initiatives.
- Petition: Written document containing the proposed measure, requiring a certain number of signatures.
Governance and Execution
- Local Government Units: Includes provinces, cities, municipalities, and barangays.
- Local Legislative Bodies: Comprises provincial and local councils, such as Sangguniang Panlalawigan.
Eligibility and Requirements
- All registered voters at various administrative levels can exercise the initiative and referendum power.
- Signature Requirements:
- General Initiatives/Referendums: At least 10% of registered voters needed, with representation from at least 3% of each legislative district.
- Constitutional Initiatives: Require at least 12% of total registered voters, also with 3% representation from each district.
- Initiatives on the Constitution can only be initiated five years post-ratification and only once within a specific timeframe.
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