Philippine Musical Instruments Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What type of musical instrument is the gitgit?

  • Aerophone (correct)
  • Percussion instrument
  • Keyboard instrument
  • String instrument

    • The palendag is considered the easiest bamboo flute to play.

    False

    What is the primary function of the body of a musical instrument?

    It acts as a resonator.

    The __________ is a bamboo pipe that can be played individually or in ensembles of three or more.

    <p>Saggeypo</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following bamboo instruments with their descriptions:

    <p>Gitgit = Three-stringed indigenous violin of the Hanunoo-Mangyan Tulali = Bamboo flute with three holes and a panpipe-like opening Tumpong = Lip-valley flute that requires a bamboo reed for sound Sahunay = Bamboo flute with six finger holes made of coconut leaf</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which category does the bandurria fall under?

    <p>Chordophones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Chordophones are instruments that produce sound primarily through the vibration of air.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What materials are commonly used to make Philippine zithers?

    <p>Bamboo or wood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the Hornbostel-Sachs classification, stringed instruments are referred to as ________.

    <p>chordophones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following classifications of musical instruments with their definitions:

    <p>Idiophones = Instruments that produce sound through vibrating itself Aerophones = Instruments that produce sound by vibrating columns of air Chordophones = Instruments that produce sound by vibrating strings Membranophones = Instruments that produce sound by vibrating membranes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the Philippine harp bandurria?

    <p>It is tuned one step higher than the Spanish version</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The bandurria has evolved significantly since before Spanish colonization.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two types of zithers found in the Philippines?

    <p>Polychordal zithers and parallel strung zithers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of instrument is a bungkaka?

    <p>Percussion instrument</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A dabakan is a type of membranophone.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the primary materials used to make a gambal?

    <p>Hollowed out tree trunks and deerskin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The __________ is an ensemble made up of eight small gongs.

    <p>tanggunggu</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following musical instruments with their characteristics:

    <p>Bungkaka = Made from bamboo Gangsa = Metallophone with ten keys Kalutang = Pair of struck percussion bars Dabakan = Single-headed drum in kulintang ensemble</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following instruments is specifically used to support kulintang music?

    <p>Dabakan</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Membranophones are primarily made from wood.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the musical role of the lower right gong in a tanggunggu?

    <p>Played as an ostinato</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A __________ is a conical tenor drum played by the Bontoc and Ibaloi people using palms of both hands.

    <p>solibao</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which instrument is cut from the kwatingan tree?

    <p>Kalutang</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following instruments is a type of xylophone-like instrument used in Indonesian gamelan?

    <p>Gambang Kayu</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The kulintang is a single gong instrument.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of instrument is the tongatong?

    <p>Percussion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The kagul is a type of Philippine bamboo _____.

    <p>scraper</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the instrument with its description:

    <p>Kalagong = Wind instrument providing bass Gambang Kayu = Wooden xylophone-like instrument Kulintang = Row of graduated gongs Tongatong = Bamboo percussion instrument</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What describes the structure of the kulintang a kayo?

    <p>Eight tuned slabs on a rack</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The kalagong is typically used to create the melody in musical pieces.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which instrument is primarily made of bamboo and is played by hitting it against the earth?

    <p>Tongatong</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The _____ is a metallophone with eight tuned knobbed metal plates.

    <p>saronay</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these instruments is a type of gong?

    <p>Kalagong</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following instruments is traditionally used in Filipino rondalla ensembles?

    <p>Laud</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The kudyapi is a traditional Filipino instrument with three strings.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What shape is the head of the Faglung carved into?

    <p>A bird</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ___ is a two-stringed lute played by the B’laan people, featuring geometric designs.

    <p>Faglung</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following instruments with their descriptions:

    <p>Octavina = Traditional Filipino string instrument in Rondalla Kudlong = Two-stringed lute with a mythical animal carving Kolitong = Bamboo polychordal tube zither Kudyapi = Two-stringed, fretted boat-lute</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary playing technique used on the kudyapi?

    <p>Plucking one string for drone while playing melody on another</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Kolitong has six strings running parallel to its tube body.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which string instrument is known for being an octave lower than the bandurria?

    <p>Laud</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The instrument known as the ___ is commonly carved to represent a mythical animal.

    <p>Kudlong</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What material is commonly used for frets on the kudyapi?

    <p>Hardened beeswax</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which classification includes instruments that produce sound primarily through strings?

    <p>Chordophones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one key difference between the Filipino bandurria and the Spanish version?

    <p>It is tuned one step lower.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary material used to construct Philippine zithers?

    <p>Wood and bamboo</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are polychordal zithers typically found in the Philippines?

    <p>Northern Luzon, Mindanao, and Palawan</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines the resonating bodies of Philippine zithers?

    <p>They are made of bamboo tubes or half tubes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which instrument is traditionally combined with the octavina in a rondalla ensemble?

    <p>Bandurria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main feature of the kutyapi in terms of its string configuration?

    <p>A constant drone is played with one string while the other plays the melody.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What specific material is commonly used for the frets on the kudlung?

    <p>Hardened beeswax</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is true about the kudlong?

    <p>One string plays a melody while the other plays a drone.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What decorative element is characteristic of the Faglung?

    <p>Geometric designs around its neck and body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the tambuli in ancient times?

    <p>To summon villagers to meetings or warn of danger</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many fingerholes does the paldong have?

    <p>Four</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are idiophones primarily made of?

    <p>Wood or metal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the agung?

    <p>A set of two wide-rimmed, vertically suspended gongs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the agung a tamlang?

    <p>To serve as a practice tool for the agung</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the meaning of the term 'patetag'?

    <p>A bamboo xylophone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many blades does the patatag have?

    <p>Six</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes how the patatag is played?

    <p>By striking the blades with sticks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of instrument can idiophones be categorized as?

    <p>Percussion instruments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these materials are commonly used to create idiophones in the Philippines?

    <p>Bamboo and metal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Chordophones

    • Chordophones are stringed instruments typically made of bamboo or wood.
    • Philippine zithers are found in Northern Luzon, Mindanao, and Palawan.
    • Polychordal zithers have multiple strings around the tube, while parallel strung zithers have two strings on one side.
    • The Philippine harp bandurria is a 14-string instrument with 16 frets and a shorter neck than its 12-string counterpart.
    • The Filipino bandurria is part of the rondalla orchestra and is tuned one step lower than the Spanish version.
    • Filipino bandurrias have been made from coconuts.

    Idiophones

    • The bungkaka, or bamboo buzzer, is a percussion instrument made of bamboo.
    • The gangsa is a two-octave metallophone with ten rectangular-shaped keys made of bronze.
    • Kalutang is a pair of percussion bars which are struck against each other to produce a pitch.
    • The tanggunggu is a set of eight small gongs made of iron.

    Membranophones

    • Membranophones are single and double-headed drums shaped like cones, cylinders, goblets, or barrels.
    • The dabakan is a single-headed drum used as a supportive instrument in the kulintang ensemble.
    • The gambal, or gadang, is a war drum played to boost warrior's esteem.
    • The tambul is a percussion instrument consisting of a hollow shell or cylinder with a drumhead stretched over one or both ends.
    • The libit is a conical drum used by the Ifugao and played with a gong during harvest time.
    • The solibao is a conical tenor drum played by the Bontoc and Ibaloi people.

    Other Instruments

    • The gambang kayu is a xylophone-like instrument used in Indonesian gamelan and kulintang ensembles.
    • The gandingan is a set of four, large, shallow-bossed, thin-rimmed gongs, hung vertically.
    • The kagul is a Philippine bamboo scraper gong/slit drum of the Maguindanaon and Visayans.
    • The kubing, subing, or ulibaw is made of bamboo and held horizontally.
    • The kalagong is a wind instrument which provides bass and sometimes the melody for select musical pieces.
    • The kulintang is a row of from five to 11 brass and bronze gongs graduated in pitch.
    • The saronay is a metallophone of eight tuned knobbed metal plates.
    • The tongatong is a percussion instrument made of various lengths of bamboo.
    • The kulintang a kayo is a Philippine xylophone of the Maguindanaon people with eight tuned slabs.
    • The laud is a traditional instrument used by folk string musical groups.
    • The octavina is a traditional Filipino instrument played in an ensemble called a Rondalla.

    Aerophones

    • Philippine bamboo aerophones include various types of flutes, pan-pipes, and reed pipes.
    • The saggeypo is a bamboo pipe closed on one end by a node.
    • The palendag is a type of Philippine bamboo flute, the largest of which is used by the Maguindanaon.
    • The tongali, or kaleleng, is a nose flute played with the extreme forward edge of the right or left nostril.
    • The tulali is a bamboo flute with three holes and a mouth opening.
    • The tumpong is similar to the palendag and makes a sound when players blow through a bamboo reed.
    • The sahunay is a bamboo flute with six holes for the fingers.

    Lute-Like Instruments

    • The faglung, or fagalung, is a two-stringed, lute-like instrument of the B’laan.
    • The kutiyapi, or kudyapi, is a Philippine two-stringed, fretted boat-lute, carved out of solid soft wood.
    • The kudlong is a two-stringed lute that is boat-shaped with wooden tightening rods and frets made of beeswax.
    • The kolitong is a bamboo polychordal tube zither from Bontok, Kalinga, Philippines.
    • The takumbo is a bamboo polychordal tube zither.
    • The gitgit, or the three-stringed indigenous violin of the Hanunoo-Mangyan, serves as a vessel for some of the ambahan scripts.

    Chordophones

    • Chordophones are stringed instruments made of bamboo or wood, including zithers, lutes, and bowed strings
    • Philippine zithers have resonating bodies made of bamboo tubes or half tubes with parallel strings
    • Bandurria is a 14-string bandurria with 16 frets and a shorter neck, traditionally featured in rondalla orchestras
    • Laud is a string instrument often used in rondalla string ensembles alongside the guitar and bandurria
    • Octavina is a traditional Filipino instrument played in a Rondalla ensemble alongside the Bandurria, Laud, and Double Bass
    • Faglung / Fuglung is a two-stringed, lute-like instrument of the B'laan people with a wooden boat-shaped body and geometric designs
    • Kudyapi is a Philippine two-stringed, fretted boat-lute commonly made from jackfruit wood, with one string playing a drone and the other playing the melody
    • Kudlung is a two-stringed lute that is boat-shaped with wooden tightening rods and frets made of beeswax, with one string playing a drone and the other string playing a melody
    • Kolitong is a bamboo polychordal tube zither from Bontok, Kalinga, Philippines with six strings that run parallel to its tube body
    • Takumbo is a bamboo flute of the Tausugs in Sulu
    • Tambuli is an indigenous Filipino instrument fashioned from the Carabao horn that produces long, melodious sounds
    • Diw-Diw-As is an instrument made of five nodes of bamboo of varying length tied in a row with a rattan string, played by blowing across the open holes
    • Paldong is an open, single end-blown flute made from bamboo with three fingerholes and an upper edge cut away obliquely

    Idiophones

    • Idiophones are instruments that produce sound from wood or metal, and can be struck, scraped, plucked, shaken, or rubbed
    • Metal Idiophones are divided into flat gongs and bossed gongs
    • Agung is a set of two wide-rimmed, vertically suspended gongs used in kulintang ensembles
    • Agung-A Tamlang is a type of Philippine slit drum made of hollowed out bamboo in imitation of the real agung, used for practice
    • Patatag / Pateteg is a bamboo xylophone played by striking the blades with bamboo sticks
    • Gambang / Gambang Kayu is a xylophone-like instrument used in Indonesian gamelan and kulintang ensembles
    • Gandingan is a set of four, large, shallow-bossed, thin-rimmed gongs, vertically hung
    • Kagul is a type of Philippine bamboo scraper gong/slit drum of the Maguindanaon and Visayans
    • Kubing / Subing / Ulibaw is a bamboo instrument held horizontally with the bamboo tongue in front of the opened mouth
    • Kalagong is a wind instrument which also provides bass and sometimes the melody for musical pieces, played when two paddles are struck on hollow bamboo tubes
    • Kulintang is a row of from five to 11 brass and bronze gongs graduated in pitch
    • Sarunay is a metallophone of eight tuned knobbed metal plates strung together and suspended over a frame
    • Tongatong is a percussion instrument made of various lengths of bamboo, used in healing rituals
    • Kulintang A Kayo is a Philippine xylophone of the Maguindanaon people with eight tuned slabs strung horizontally
    • Bungkaka is a percussion instrument (idiophone) made out of bamboo
    • Gangsa is a two-octave metallophone with ten rectangular-shaped keys suspended by rope and posts
    • Kalutang is a pair of percussion bars which are struck against each other at specific angles to produce a pitch
    • Tanggunggu is a set of eight small gongs made of iron, usually hanging on a rest of rope

    Membranophones

    • Membranophones are single and double-headed drums found in the Philippines, shaped like cones, cylindrical, goblets, or barrels, made from animal skins
    • Dabakan is a single-headed Philippine drum primarily used as a supportive instrument in the kulintang ensemble
    • Gambal is a war drum played to boost the warrior's esteem and get them ready for battle
    • Tambul is a percussion instrument consisting of a hollow shell or cylinder with a drumhead stretched over one or both ends
    • Libit is a conical drum with a deer or goat skin head used by the Ifugao
    • Solibao is a conical tenor drum played by the Bontoc and Ibaloi people of the Philippines

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    Traditional Philippine Musical Instruments PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge about the diverse range of Philippine musical instruments, including chordophones, idiophones, and membranophones. This quiz covers unique instruments such as the bandurria, gangsa, and bungkaka, highlighting their features and cultural significance.

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