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Philippine Musical Instruments Quiz
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Philippine Musical Instruments Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What type of musical instrument is the gitgit?

  • Aerophone (correct)
  • Percussion instrument
  • Keyboard instrument
  • String instrument

    • The palendag is considered the easiest bamboo flute to play.

    False

    What is the primary function of the body of a musical instrument?

    It acts as a resonator.

    The __________ is a bamboo pipe that can be played individually or in ensembles of three or more.

    <p>Saggeypo</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following bamboo instruments with their descriptions:

    <p>Gitgit = Three-stringed indigenous violin of the Hanunoo-Mangyan Tulali = Bamboo flute with three holes and a panpipe-like opening Tumpong = Lip-valley flute that requires a bamboo reed for sound Sahunay = Bamboo flute with six finger holes made of coconut leaf</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which category does the bandurria fall under?

    <p>Chordophones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Chordophones are instruments that produce sound primarily through the vibration of air.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What materials are commonly used to make Philippine zithers?

    <p>Bamboo or wood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the Hornbostel-Sachs classification, stringed instruments are referred to as ________.

    <p>chordophones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following classifications of musical instruments with their definitions:

    <p>Idiophones = Instruments that produce sound through vibrating itself Aerophones = Instruments that produce sound by vibrating columns of air Chordophones = Instruments that produce sound by vibrating strings Membranophones = Instruments that produce sound by vibrating membranes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the Philippine harp bandurria?

    <p>It is tuned one step higher than the Spanish version</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The bandurria has evolved significantly since before Spanish colonization.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two types of zithers found in the Philippines?

    <p>Polychordal zithers and parallel strung zithers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of instrument is a bungkaka?

    <p>Percussion instrument</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A dabakan is a type of membranophone.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the primary materials used to make a gambal?

    <p>Hollowed out tree trunks and deerskin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The __________ is an ensemble made up of eight small gongs.

    <p>tanggunggu</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following musical instruments with their characteristics:

    <p>Bungkaka = Made from bamboo Gangsa = Metallophone with ten keys Kalutang = Pair of struck percussion bars Dabakan = Single-headed drum in kulintang ensemble</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following instruments is specifically used to support kulintang music?

    <p>Dabakan</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Membranophones are primarily made from wood.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the musical role of the lower right gong in a tanggunggu?

    <p>Played as an ostinato</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A __________ is a conical tenor drum played by the Bontoc and Ibaloi people using palms of both hands.

    <p>solibao</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which instrument is cut from the kwatingan tree?

    <p>Kalutang</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following instruments is a type of xylophone-like instrument used in Indonesian gamelan?

    <p>Gambang Kayu</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The kulintang is a single gong instrument.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of instrument is the tongatong?

    <p>Percussion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The kagul is a type of Philippine bamboo _____.

    <p>scraper</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the instrument with its description:

    <p>Kalagong = Wind instrument providing bass Gambang Kayu = Wooden xylophone-like instrument Kulintang = Row of graduated gongs Tongatong = Bamboo percussion instrument</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What describes the structure of the kulintang a kayo?

    <p>Eight tuned slabs on a rack</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The kalagong is typically used to create the melody in musical pieces.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which instrument is primarily made of bamboo and is played by hitting it against the earth?

    <p>Tongatong</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The _____ is a metallophone with eight tuned knobbed metal plates.

    <p>saronay</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these instruments is a type of gong?

    <p>Kalagong</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following instruments is traditionally used in Filipino rondalla ensembles?

    <p>Laud</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The kudyapi is a traditional Filipino instrument with three strings.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What shape is the head of the Faglung carved into?

    <p>A bird</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ___ is a two-stringed lute played by the B’laan people, featuring geometric designs.

    <p>Faglung</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following instruments with their descriptions:

    <p>Octavina = Traditional Filipino string instrument in Rondalla Kudlong = Two-stringed lute with a mythical animal carving Kolitong = Bamboo polychordal tube zither Kudyapi = Two-stringed, fretted boat-lute</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary playing technique used on the kudyapi?

    <p>Plucking one string for drone while playing melody on another</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Kolitong has six strings running parallel to its tube body.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which string instrument is known for being an octave lower than the bandurria?

    <p>Laud</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The instrument known as the ___ is commonly carved to represent a mythical animal.

    <p>Kudlong</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What material is commonly used for frets on the kudyapi?

    <p>Hardened beeswax</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which classification includes instruments that produce sound primarily through strings?

    <p>Chordophones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one key difference between the Filipino bandurria and the Spanish version?

    <p>It is tuned one step lower.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary material used to construct Philippine zithers?

    <p>Wood and bamboo</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are polychordal zithers typically found in the Philippines?

    <p>Northern Luzon, Mindanao, and Palawan</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines the resonating bodies of Philippine zithers?

    <p>They are made of bamboo tubes or half tubes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which instrument is traditionally combined with the octavina in a rondalla ensemble?

    <p>Bandurria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main feature of the kutyapi in terms of its string configuration?

    <p>A constant drone is played with one string while the other plays the melody.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What specific material is commonly used for the frets on the kudlung?

    <p>Hardened beeswax</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is true about the kudlong?

    <p>One string plays a melody while the other plays a drone.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What decorative element is characteristic of the Faglung?

    <p>Geometric designs around its neck and body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the tambuli in ancient times?

    <p>To summon villagers to meetings or warn of danger</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many fingerholes does the paldong have?

    <p>Four</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are idiophones primarily made of?

    <p>Wood or metal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the agung?

    <p>A set of two wide-rimmed, vertically suspended gongs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the agung a tamlang?

    <p>To serve as a practice tool for the agung</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the meaning of the term 'patetag'?

    <p>A bamboo xylophone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many blades does the patatag have?

    <p>Six</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes how the patatag is played?

    <p>By striking the blades with sticks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of instrument can idiophones be categorized as?

    <p>Percussion instruments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these materials are commonly used to create idiophones in the Philippines?

    <p>Bamboo and metal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Chordophones

    • Chordophones are stringed instruments typically made of bamboo or wood.
    • Philippine zithers are found in Northern Luzon, Mindanao, and Palawan.
    • Polychordal zithers have multiple strings around the tube, while parallel strung zithers have two strings on one side.
    • The Philippine harp bandurria is a 14-string instrument with 16 frets and a shorter neck than its 12-string counterpart.
    • The Filipino bandurria is part of the rondalla orchestra and is tuned one step lower than the Spanish version.
    • Filipino bandurrias have been made from coconuts.

    Idiophones

    • The bungkaka, or bamboo buzzer, is a percussion instrument made of bamboo.
    • The gangsa is a two-octave metallophone with ten rectangular-shaped keys made of bronze.
    • Kalutang is a pair of percussion bars which are struck against each other to produce a pitch.
    • The tanggunggu is a set of eight small gongs made of iron.

    Membranophones

    • Membranophones are single and double-headed drums shaped like cones, cylinders, goblets, or barrels.
    • The dabakan is a single-headed drum used as a supportive instrument in the kulintang ensemble.
    • The gambal, or gadang, is a war drum played to boost warrior's esteem.
    • The tambul is a percussion instrument consisting of a hollow shell or cylinder with a drumhead stretched over one or both ends.
    • The libit is a conical drum used by the Ifugao and played with a gong during harvest time.
    • The solibao is a conical tenor drum played by the Bontoc and Ibaloi people.

    Other Instruments

    • The gambang kayu is a xylophone-like instrument used in Indonesian gamelan and kulintang ensembles.
    • The gandingan is a set of four, large, shallow-bossed, thin-rimmed gongs, hung vertically.
    • The kagul is a Philippine bamboo scraper gong/slit drum of the Maguindanaon and Visayans.
    • The kubing, subing, or ulibaw is made of bamboo and held horizontally.
    • The kalagong is a wind instrument which provides bass and sometimes the melody for select musical pieces.
    • The kulintang is a row of from five to 11 brass and bronze gongs graduated in pitch.
    • The saronay is a metallophone of eight tuned knobbed metal plates.
    • The tongatong is a percussion instrument made of various lengths of bamboo.
    • The kulintang a kayo is a Philippine xylophone of the Maguindanaon people with eight tuned slabs.
    • The laud is a traditional instrument used by folk string musical groups.
    • The octavina is a traditional Filipino instrument played in an ensemble called a Rondalla.

    Aerophones

    • Philippine bamboo aerophones include various types of flutes, pan-pipes, and reed pipes.
    • The saggeypo is a bamboo pipe closed on one end by a node.
    • The palendag is a type of Philippine bamboo flute, the largest of which is used by the Maguindanaon.
    • The tongali, or kaleleng, is a nose flute played with the extreme forward edge of the right or left nostril.
    • The tulali is a bamboo flute with three holes and a mouth opening.
    • The tumpong is similar to the palendag and makes a sound when players blow through a bamboo reed.
    • The sahunay is a bamboo flute with six holes for the fingers.

    Lute-Like Instruments

    • The faglung, or fagalung, is a two-stringed, lute-like instrument of the B’laan.
    • The kutiyapi, or kudyapi, is a Philippine two-stringed, fretted boat-lute, carved out of solid soft wood.
    • The kudlong is a two-stringed lute that is boat-shaped with wooden tightening rods and frets made of beeswax.
    • The kolitong is a bamboo polychordal tube zither from Bontok, Kalinga, Philippines.
    • The takumbo is a bamboo polychordal tube zither.
    • The gitgit, or the three-stringed indigenous violin of the Hanunoo-Mangyan, serves as a vessel for some of the ambahan scripts.

    Chordophones

    • Chordophones are stringed instruments made of bamboo or wood, including zithers, lutes, and bowed strings
    • Philippine zithers have resonating bodies made of bamboo tubes or half tubes with parallel strings
    • Bandurria is a 14-string bandurria with 16 frets and a shorter neck, traditionally featured in rondalla orchestras
    • Laud is a string instrument often used in rondalla string ensembles alongside the guitar and bandurria
    • Octavina is a traditional Filipino instrument played in a Rondalla ensemble alongside the Bandurria, Laud, and Double Bass
    • Faglung / Fuglung is a two-stringed, lute-like instrument of the B'laan people with a wooden boat-shaped body and geometric designs
    • Kudyapi is a Philippine two-stringed, fretted boat-lute commonly made from jackfruit wood, with one string playing a drone and the other playing the melody
    • Kudlung is a two-stringed lute that is boat-shaped with wooden tightening rods and frets made of beeswax, with one string playing a drone and the other string playing a melody
    • Kolitong is a bamboo polychordal tube zither from Bontok, Kalinga, Philippines with six strings that run parallel to its tube body
    • Takumbo is a bamboo flute of the Tausugs in Sulu
    • Tambuli is an indigenous Filipino instrument fashioned from the Carabao horn that produces long, melodious sounds
    • Diw-Diw-As is an instrument made of five nodes of bamboo of varying length tied in a row with a rattan string, played by blowing across the open holes
    • Paldong is an open, single end-blown flute made from bamboo with three fingerholes and an upper edge cut away obliquely

    Idiophones

    • Idiophones are instruments that produce sound from wood or metal, and can be struck, scraped, plucked, shaken, or rubbed
    • Metal Idiophones are divided into flat gongs and bossed gongs
    • Agung is a set of two wide-rimmed, vertically suspended gongs used in kulintang ensembles
    • Agung-A Tamlang is a type of Philippine slit drum made of hollowed out bamboo in imitation of the real agung, used for practice
    • Patatag / Pateteg is a bamboo xylophone played by striking the blades with bamboo sticks
    • Gambang / Gambang Kayu is a xylophone-like instrument used in Indonesian gamelan and kulintang ensembles
    • Gandingan is a set of four, large, shallow-bossed, thin-rimmed gongs, vertically hung
    • Kagul is a type of Philippine bamboo scraper gong/slit drum of the Maguindanaon and Visayans
    • Kubing / Subing / Ulibaw is a bamboo instrument held horizontally with the bamboo tongue in front of the opened mouth
    • Kalagong is a wind instrument which also provides bass and sometimes the melody for musical pieces, played when two paddles are struck on hollow bamboo tubes
    • Kulintang is a row of from five to 11 brass and bronze gongs graduated in pitch
    • Sarunay is a metallophone of eight tuned knobbed metal plates strung together and suspended over a frame
    • Tongatong is a percussion instrument made of various lengths of bamboo, used in healing rituals
    • Kulintang A Kayo is a Philippine xylophone of the Maguindanaon people with eight tuned slabs strung horizontally
    • Bungkaka is a percussion instrument (idiophone) made out of bamboo
    • Gangsa is a two-octave metallophone with ten rectangular-shaped keys suspended by rope and posts
    • Kalutang is a pair of percussion bars which are struck against each other at specific angles to produce a pitch
    • Tanggunggu is a set of eight small gongs made of iron, usually hanging on a rest of rope

    Membranophones

    • Membranophones are single and double-headed drums found in the Philippines, shaped like cones, cylindrical, goblets, or barrels, made from animal skins
    • Dabakan is a single-headed Philippine drum primarily used as a supportive instrument in the kulintang ensemble
    • Gambal is a war drum played to boost the warrior's esteem and get them ready for battle
    • Tambul is a percussion instrument consisting of a hollow shell or cylinder with a drumhead stretched over one or both ends
    • Libit is a conical drum with a deer or goat skin head used by the Ifugao
    • Solibao is a conical tenor drum played by the Bontoc and Ibaloi people of the Philippines

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