Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the highest court in the Philippines responsible for ensuring laws align with the Constitution?
What is the highest court in the Philippines responsible for ensuring laws align with the Constitution?
The Supreme Court.
Which court is primarily responsible for reviewing decisions from Regional Trial Courts?
Which court is primarily responsible for reviewing decisions from Regional Trial Courts?
The Court of Appeals.
What types of cases does the Regional Trial Court handle?
What types of cases does the Regional Trial Court handle?
Serious crimes like murder and large civil cases over P300,000.
What is the main purpose of Katarungang Pambarangay?
What is the main purpose of Katarungang Pambarangay?
Which court specializes in cases involving anti-graft and corruption?
Which court specializes in cases involving anti-graft and corruption?
Flashcards
Supreme Court Role
Supreme Court Role
Highest court, final decision-maker for judicial issues; reviews laws to ensure constitutionality (Judicial Review).
Court of Appeals Function
Court of Appeals Function
Reviews decisions from Regional Trial Courts to ensure correctness.
RTC Case Types
RTC Case Types
Handles serious crimes (murder, major civil cases) and appeals from lower courts (municipal).
Sandiganbayan Jurisdiction
Sandiganbayan Jurisdiction
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Shari'a Court Specialization
Shari'a Court Specialization
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Study Notes
Philippine Judiciary
- Supreme Court: Highest court, final arbiter of judicial issues, conducts Judicial Review to ensure laws comply with the Constitution.
Courts of Appeal
- Court of Appeals: Handles appeals from Regional Trial Courts, reviews decisions for accuracy.
Regional Trial Court (RTC)
- Handling Cases: Handles serious crimes (murder), large civil cases (over ₱300,000), and appeals from lower courts (Municipal Trial Courts).
Municipal Trial Courts
- Handling Cases: Manages minor criminal offenses and civil cases under ₱300,000.
Sandiganbayan
- Jurisdiction: Specifically handles anti-graft/corruption cases involving public officials.
Shari’a Courts
- Jurisdiction: Specializes in disputes related to Muslim personal and customary laws (inheritance, marriage).
Katarungang Pambarangay
- Purpose: Resolves minor disputes at the barangay level, easing court congestion and providing accessible justice.
Mock Scenarios and Corresponding Courts
- Embezzlement by Public Official: Sandiganbayan.
- ₱50,000 Theft: Municipal Trial Court.
- Inheritance Dispute (Muslim Law): Shari’a Court.
- Murder Trial: Regional Trial Court.
- Barangay Land Dispute: Katarungang Pambarangay.
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