Philippine History Quiz: Political Periods

21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World - First Semester

• This course aims to engage students in appreciating and critically studying 21st-century literature from the Philippines and the world. It covers various dimensions, genres, elements, structures, contexts, and traditions.
• The course description involves studying and appreciating the literature of the region where the school is located, in relation to literature from other regions of the country.
• The final requirement involves students creating a creative multimedia representation of a literary text.

Defining Literature

• Literature is a collection of written (or oral) works exhibiting aesthetic quality.
• The origin of "literature" traces back to the Latin word "littera," meaning "letter." This evolved into "litteratura" and then into the English "literature."
• Literature has diverse functions, including portraying human experiences, understanding human nature, offering entertainment and pleasure, and appreciating literary heritage.
• Literature encompasses two primary forms: prose and poetry

Prose

• Prose utilizes natural language, similar to everyday speech, conveying stories, ideas, and emotions. It doesn't follow the structures and patterns of poetry.
• Prose is typically organized in sentences and paragraphs.
• Examples of prose forms include novels, short stories, legends, fables, essays, biographies, and autobiographies.

Poetry

• Poetry frequently employs rhythmic and metrical patterns using techniques like rhyme, meter, and syllabic structures. These elements give poetry a musical quality distinct from prose.
• Poetry often relies on figurative language, including metaphors, similes, personification, and symbolism to deepen meaning.
• Literary forms of poetry include epics, ballads, sonnets, elegies, odes, psalms, narrative poetry, lyric poetry, and dramatic poetry.

Literary Timeline Periods

• The provided materials list various periods in Philippine literary history, including Pre-Colonial, Spanish, American, Japanese, and Contemporary/Modern periods.
• Specific years are given correlating to these periods (e.g. 1520 onward.)
• The periods are ordered chronologically.

Dimensions of Philippine Literary History

• Geography: The study of places and the relationships between people and their environments, including geographical location of literary texts.
• Language: A system of spoken, written, and manual (signed) symbols used by people to express themselves. Several Philippine languages are named—Bikolano, Bisaya/Binisaya, Cebuano, Hiligaynon/Ilonggo, Ilocano, Tagalog, Tausug, Waray.
• Ethnicity: The quality or fact of belonging to a population group or subgroup characterized by shared culture. The top 10 ethnicities in the Philippines are listed with percentages (e.g., Tagalog).

Pre-colonial Philippine Literature

• Pre-colonial literature predates the Spanish colonization.
• Forms include chants, proverbs, songs, and folk narratives that are often passed down through generations orally.
• Pre-colonial literature reflects the people's livelihoods, customs, and traditions.
• Examples of forms include buttong (riddles) and salawikain (proverbs).
• Specific examples of literature and quotes are provided in Tagalog, Bicol, Ilocano and Cebuano.

Other Literary Forms

• Chants/Bulong: Used in witchcraft or enchantment, especially in remote areas of the Visayas
• Legends: Folklore narratives about human actions, perceived or believed to have happened.
• Folktales: Stories about life, adventure, love, horror and humor—that often convey lessons from the stories.
• Epics: Long narrative poems usually about a hero's achievements and events.
• Folk Songs: Ancient Philippine songs that reflect early forms of Philippine culture.

Test your knowledge on the different political periods in Philippine history. This quiz covers the order of periods, key events like the 'Rebirth of Freedom', and the timeline leading up to the 'Post EDSA' period. Perfect for students and history enthusiasts alike!