Philippine History: Marcos and the Judiciary during Martial Law

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What was the purpose of the major reshuffle in the military leadership under Marcos as mentioned in the text?

To retire all flag officers

To decrease the number of Armed Forces personnel

To appoint only Ilocano commanders

To elevate a defense leadership willing and able to execute Martial Law (correct)

Who did Marcos appoint to the post of Defense Chief after Plaza Miranda bombing?

Victor Osias

Juan Ponce Enrile (correct)

Gerry Roxas

General Mata

What percentage of Armed Forces personnel were categorized as 'Genuine Ilocano' according to the text?

20%

40% (correct)

90%

50%

What event prompted Marcos to assume the role of defense secretary for the second time?

Plaza Miranda bombing (B) Signup and view all the answers

What was the main impact of Marcos's military reshuffle in 1972?

To prepare for the declaration of Martial Law (A) Signup and view all the answers

Who stated that the purpose of the military reshuffle was to prepare for the execution of Martial Law?

Stephen Bosworth (B) Signup and view all the answers

Why did Marcos keep the judiciary intact and working during Martial Law?

To give a semblance of legality to his regime (B) Signup and view all the answers

Who made the testimony about Marcos keeping the judiciary intact?

Stephen Bosworth (B) Signup and view all the answers

Who provided the transcript of Stephen Bosworth's testimony for a book?

Robert Swift (D) Signup and view all the answers

In the civil damage suit against Marcos, who successfully represented some 10,000 Filipino human rights victims?

Robert Swift (C) Signup and view all the answers

Who was revealed to be behind the Plaza Miranda bombing according to Victor Corpus?

Jose Maria Sison (C) Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose behind hatching the idea of the Plaza Miranda bombing according to Victor Corpus?

To force Marcos to implement more repressive measures (D) Signup and view all the answers

What event became known as the First Quarter Storm in Manila?

A series of violent rallies and demonstrations against the government (C) Signup and view all the answers

How did Marcos view the violent rallies and demonstrations against his government?

As acts of rebellion that proved the need for a strong despotic hand (C) Signup and view all the answers

What strategy did Marcos employ to justify the declaration of Martial Law?

Assigning psy-war experts to incite violence and plant bombs, then blaming Communists (B) Signup and view all the answers

What was Stephen Bosworth's testimony about?

The human rights violations under Martial Law in the Philippines (B) Signup and view all the answers

What was Plaza Miranda known for in relation to the history of the Philippines?

The site of a deadly bombing during an opposition political campaign rally (C) Signup and view all the answers

In what year did violent explosions, including one that killed people in a department store, rock Manila?

1972 (B) Signup and view all the answers