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The Spanish regime in the Philippines was characterized by a complex web of ______ control.
colonial
The Propaganda Movement aimed to ______ the injustices of the Spanish colonial system.
rectify
The campaign for peaceful reform in the Philippines is known as the ______ Movement.
Propaganda
Town Mayors don't have the authority to be the leader of their community, they are merely ______ of the town's parish priest.
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The students studying abroad united in various foreign cities such as ______ and Singapore.
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The Propaganda Movement began in ______ following the execution of Gomez, Burgos, and Zamora.
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The Propaganda Movement was led by ______ Rizal, M.H del Pilar, and Graciano Lopez Jaena.
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The goals of the Propaganda Movement included ______, assimilation, restoration, and freedom.
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Rizal recognized the disorderly and ill-coordinated efforts that yielded little, he conceived the idea of organizing a society called ______.
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Apolinario Mabini was appointed as ______ of the supreme council during the reorganization of La Liga Filipina.
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La Liga Filipina's aim was to unite the whole ______ into one compact, vigorous, and homogenous body.
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After Rizal's capture, La Liga Filipina became ______.
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Andres Bonifacio played a key role in organizing people's council in ______ and Trozo.
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Members of the Katipunan were required to pay a fee to cover the expenses of ______.
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The reorganization of La Liga Filipina was led by individuals like Don Domingo Franco and ______.
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La Liga Filipina sought to involve the people directly in the ______ movement.
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He is assisted by the ______ of the public treasury,
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An ______ council was established to advise him on heavy matters.
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The Council of State is composed of high officials, the chief ______ of the naval station and squadron.
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All departments and provincial governments were staffed with ______ Spaniards who were unfamiliar with the country.
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Only a few Filipinos were securely employed as ______ officers, officials in the civil administration, and as judges and prosecuting attorneys.
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Few of them too were more outstanding for their ______ than their learning.
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The City of Manila only had a representative ______ government.
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If any Filipino denounces the abuses of the Spanish officials and friars, they will be ______.
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Study Notes
The Spanish Colonial Government in the Philippines
- The governor-general was assisted by the director-general of the public treasury and the director-general of civil administration.
- The director-general of civil administration was responsible for police, public works, communications, agriculture, industry, commerce, mines, forests, and public instruction.
- The governor-general could convoke the Council of State, which consisted of high officials, the chief commandant of the naval station and squadron, the Archbishop of Manila, and the president of the Manila High Court.
The Administrative Council
- The Administrative Council was established to advise the governor-general on important matters.
- The council members were unpaid and purely advisory in nature.
- Few Filipinos held positions in the council, and most were wealthy rather than educated.
The Bureaucracy
- Government employees would try to make the most of their short time in office to secure their financial future.
- Employees from each government center or branch office would cover up for one another to avoid being brought to book.
- If a Filipino denounced the abuses of Spanish officials and friars, they would be persecuted.
The Municipal Government of Manila
- The City of Manila had a representative municipal government.
- Town mayors did not have the authority to lead their community; they were servants of the town's parish priest and constabulary commanding officers.
- Mayors could only collect taxes, enforce orders of the provincial authorities, and repair highways with forced labor.
The Propaganda Movement
- The Propaganda Movement was a campaign for peaceful reform in the Philippines.
- It began in 1872 after the execution of Gomez, Burgos, and Zamora and ended in 1896 when Rizal was exiled to Dapitan.
- The movement was led by Dr. Jose Rizal, M.H del Pilar, and Graciano Lopez Jaena.
- The goals of the Propaganda Movement were equality, assimilation, restoration, and freedom.
La Liga Filipina
- La Liga Filipina was a society established by Rizal to involve the people directly in the reform movement.
- The society's aims were to unite the archipelago, provide mutual protection, defend against violence and injustice, encourage instruction, agriculture, and commerce, and study and apply reforms.
- The society was reorganized later by individuals like Don Domingo Franco and Andres Bonifacio, with Apolinario Mabini as secretary of the supreme council.
The Katipunan
- After Rizal's capture, La Liga Filipina became inactive, and the Katipunan was organized in Tondo and Trozo.
- Members were required to pay a fee to cover the expenses of La Solidaridad.
- The Katipunan was a secret society that aimed to achieve reforms through peaceful and legal means.
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Description
Learn about the Liga Filipina and Katipunan, two significant organizations in Philippine history, and their roles in the country's struggle for independence.
