Philippine Ethics: Kagawian and Gawa
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Questions and Answers

Whose conception of the good is often dominant in a society?

  • The person who has realized their fullest potential
  • The individual with the most power
  • The people who value cooperation over conflict
  • The dominant system or group (correct)

    • What is the primary function of ethics in human behavior?

  • To promote conflict over cooperation
  • To dictate right and wrong without question
  • To realize one's fullest potential without regard for others
  • To provide a basis for discerning accepted ethical systems (correct)

    • What is the Greek origin of the term 'ethics'?

  • Ethos, meaning custom or habitual way of doing things (correct)
  • Mosis, meaning moral judgment
  • Philos, meaning love of wisdom
  • Moros, meaning right and wrong

    • What is the primary focus of normative ethics?

    <p>The basic principles of right and wrong</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the study of specific moral issues like abortion or lying?

    <p>Applied ethics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the branch of ethics that studies the nature and methodology of moral judgments?

    <p>Metaethics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Filipino equivalent of 'ethos' in Greek?

    <p>Kagawian</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the focus of 'gawi'?

    <p>The kind of acts that people are used to accomplishing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of ethics according to the text?

    <p>A path to happiness and a guide for human obligation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the invitation to the Filipino student?

    <p>To outgrow kung saan ka masaya suportahan kita and get to sa dapat mong gawin ka talaga sasaya</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the benefits of studying ethics/moral philosophy?

    <p>It helps us to think better about morality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between culture and the conception of the Good?

    <p>Culture shapes the conception of the Good</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    The Concept of Good and Ethics

    • The concept of the good is shaped by culture, which is the basic system of codes that shapes human behavior.
    • The good is often defined by a dominant system or group, or by what has worked for people to flourish.
    • Cooperation is valued over conflict because it makes human survival easier.

    Ethics and Morality

    • Ethics is the philosophical study of morality.
    • Morality refers to beliefs concerning right and wrong, good and bad, including judgments, values, rules, principles, and theories.
    • Ethics/Morality guides our actions, defines our values, and gives us reasons for being the persons we are.

    Etymology of Ethics

    • The term "ethics" comes from the Greek word "ethos", which means custom, characteristic, or habitual way of doing things.
    • The Latin word "mos" or "moris" is equivalent to "ethos", making "ethical" and "moral" synonymous.

    Moral Philosophy

    • Moral Philosophy (Ethics) involves reasoning about the ultimate questions of morality.
    • It has two branches: Metaethics and Normative Ethics.

    Branches of Moral Philosophy

    • Metaethics studies the nature and methodology of moral judgments.
    • Normative Ethics bases morality on social conventions and asks questions about basic principles of right and wrong.
    • Normative Ethics has two levels: Normative Ethical Theory and Applied Ethics.

    Contextualized Ethics

    • Gawa refers to the free action that is oriented toward a particular end.
    • Gawi refers to a free kind of work that people are used to accomplishing, equivalent to the Greek concept of "ethos" or Ethics.
    • Kagawian or habitual action/habituation is the Filipino equivalent of ethos in Greek or Ethics.

    Importance of Ethics

    • Ethics serves as a path to happiness and reaches out in fullness of reflection for that action which is an obligation for a human being.
    • It deepens our reflection on the ultimate questions of life.
    • It helps us to think better about morality.
    • It sharpens our general thinking.

    Why Study Ethics/Moral Philosophy?

    • It provides a basis for discerning our own accepted ethical systems.
    • It guides our actions and defines our values.
    • It helps us to think better about morality and sharpens our general thinking.

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    Description

    Explore the concept of ethics in Filipino culture, focusing on kagawian, gawa, and gawi. Learn how cultural values shape human behavior and the conception of good.

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