Philippine Educational System Overview

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Questions and Answers

What method was primarily used for education during the pre-colonial period in the Philippines?

Tutoring by trained professionals

Formal classroom instruction

Online education

Demonstration method (correct)

What was the primary focus of education during the Spanish colonial period?

Scientific research

Vocational training

Secular subjects only

Christian doctrines (correct)

Which of the following was a key contribution of the Spanish to the Philippine educational system?

Establishment of colleges for women

Introduction of free education for all

Formal schools for primary to tertiary education (correct)

Creation of technical schools

Which system of writing was utilized by some communities before the Spanish colonization?

Baybayin Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the roles of the missionary teachers during the Spanish period?

Replacing secular tutors Signup and view all the answers

What was the Education Decree of 1863 notable for?

Establishing free primary schools Signup and view all the answers

During which period did tribal tutors first teach Filipino children?

Pre-colonial period Signup and view all the answers

What method of teaching was commonly used during the Spanish contribution to education?

Rote memorization Signup and view all the answers

What age range does primary education typically serve?

Ages 6 to 11 Signup and view all the answers

Which subjects are taught as part of the primary education curriculum?

Mathematics, Science, Filipino, and English Signup and view all the answers

In which grades is the medium of instruction the Mother tongue?

Grade 1 to Grade 3 Signup and view all the answers

How many years does secondary education typically comprise?

Four years Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of the Technical-Vocational-Livelihood track in senior high school?

Skill acquisition for specific careers Signup and view all the answers

What are students typically required to complete before entering secondary education?

Completion of primary education Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following subjects is NOT part of the Core Curriculum in senior high school?

Visual Arts Signup and view all the answers

How can a student earn a National Certificate Level II (NC II) in the Technical-Vocational track?

By passing the competency-based assessment after finishing grade 12 Signup and view all the answers

Who took charge of parochial schools during the Spanish period?

Dominicans and Jesuits Signup and view all the answers

What significant act established a centralized public school system in the Philippines in 1901?

Act No. 74 Signup and view all the answers

Which law provided funding for the construction of concrete school buildings in 1907?

Gabaldon Law Signup and view all the answers

Who were the teachers brought from the United States between 1901 and 1902?

Thomasites Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the aims of Japanese education during their occupation in the Philippines?

To enhance Filipino cultural identity Signup and view all the answers

What educational institution was established by Act No. 1870?

University of the Philippines Signup and view all the answers

What was a characteristic of the American educational contribution between 1898 and 1935?

Centralized and structured educational system Signup and view all the answers

What did the Reorganization Act of 1916 emphasize regarding the Filipino government?

Natural-born Filipinos in key governmental roles Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the K–12 educational system implemented in 2011?

To increase compulsory education to thirteen years Signup and view all the answers

Which act established preschool education as compulsory?

Kindergarten Education Act of 2012 Signup and view all the answers

What approach does the K–12 program promote for early childhood education?

Mother Tongue-Based Multilingual Education Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a feature of the K–12 Education Program?

Focusing exclusively on academic subjects Signup and view all the answers

What law was enacted in 2000 to recognize the significance of preschool education?

Republic Act 8980 Signup and view all the answers

What does the Phase Implementation of the K-12 program ensure?

Continuity of education policies over succeeding years Signup and view all the answers

At what age range is preschool education targeted according to the K-12 program?

Ages 3 to 5 Signup and view all the answers

What does Republic Act 6972 mandate for local government units?

Establishment of daycare centers in every barangay Signup and view all the answers

What type of education does non-formal education primarily aim to serve?

Adult illiterates and out-of-school youth Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the duration of a Bachelor's degree in higher education?

A minimum of 4 years Signup and view all the answers

What role does CHED play in the higher education system of the Philippines?

It formulates and implements policies for higher education Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT considered a type of degree in the higher education structure?

Postgraduate Diplomas Signup and view all the answers

How is non-formal education significant in national development?

It enables participation in government development programs Signup and view all the answers

Which component involves significant coursework and a dissertation in the higher education framework?

PhD Degrees Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary aim of the Technical Education and Skills Development Authority (TESDA)?

To enhance technical and vocational education Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical duration for completing a Master's degree for full-time students?

2 years Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Overview of Philippine Educational System

Education in the Philippines evolved through various colonizations, with contributions from the Spanish, American, and Japanese periods.
Presently, the educational system incorporates pre-school, primary, secondary, and tertiary levels, alongside non-formal and alternative learning systems.

Pre-Colonial Period

Education was informal and unstructured, primarily happening at home.
Parents served as primary educators, focusing on vocational skills over academic subjects.
Oral tradition played a significant role in knowledge transmission, with tribal tutors like the babaylan instructing communities.
The writing system known as baybayin (or alibata) was used, consisting of 17 symbols representing letters.

Spanish Contribution (1521-1896)

Formal education systems were introduced, with schools established for primary to tertiary levels.
Education focused on Christian doctrines, with separate institutions for boys (colegios) and girls (beaterio).
The 1863 Education Decree mandated free primary schools for boys and girls in towns, based on population size.
Normal schools were established for teacher training, primarily for male teachers.
Instruction methods included catechetical teaching, rote memorization, and corporal punishment.

American Contribution (1898-1935)

A centralized and structured educational system was developed with standardized courses.
More than 1,000 American teachers (Thomasites) were sent to the Philippines to enhance local education.
Significant reforms included the establishment of the Philippine Normal School, provincial high schools, and the University of the Philippines.
Laws such as the Gabaldon Law facilitated school construction with allocated funds.

Japanese Contribution (1941-1944)

Education became more centralized and focused on promoting Filipino culture and reducing dependency on Western influence.
Proposed a curriculum enhancing moral values and material awareness.
Emphasized the importance of Philippine-Japan relations, aligning educational goals with regional interests.

Present Educational System

K-12 Program Implementation: Introduced in 2011 to extend compulsory education to 13 years, including kindergarten.
Early childhood education became mandatory through the Kindergarten Education Act of 2012.
Elementary education spans six grades, emphasizing subjects like Mathematics, Science, Filipino, and English, with the use of the mother tongue in early grades.

Primary Education

Consists of grades 1-6, with different instruction mediums: mother tongue in early years and Filipino/English in later grades.
Includes minor subjects and varies between public and private institutions.

Secondary Education

Encompasses junior high school (grades 7-10) and senior high school (grades 11-12).
Senior high offers specialized tracks, including core subjects, technical-vocational education, arts, and sports.

Tertiary Education

Higher education is supervised by the Commission on Higher Education (CHED).
Includes bachelor, master, and PhD degrees with specific coursework and standards.

Non-Formal Education and Alternative Learning Systems

Designed for out-of-school youth and adults needing skills-oriented education.
Provides essential lifelong learning opportunities, complementing formal education systems.
Managed by the Technical Education and Skills Development Authority (TESDA), focusing on vocational skills and competencies.

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Description

Explore the history and evolution of the Philippine educational system, from its informal roots in the pre-colonial period to the influences of Spanish, American, and Japanese education. Learn about the current status of education in the Philippines and how these historical contributions have shaped it today.