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Questions and Answers
When was the University of the Philippines created?
What was the Department of Public Instruction renamed to in 1947?
Department of Instruction
In 1972, the Department of Instruction was changed to Department of Education and ________.
Culture
Match the following official names with the respective head of office:
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What year was the New Elementary School Curriculum (NESC) fully implemented?
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Which subject area had the highest daily time allotment in the New Elementary School Curriculum?
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The 2002 Basic Education Curriculum (BEC) replaced both the NESC and the NSEC.
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The 2010 Secondary Education Curriculum (SEC) was implemented in the first year level only, while the second, third, and fourth years continued to undertake the ___ BEC.
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Who recommended the adoption of the Basic Education Curriculum (BEC)?
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What curriculum was gradually implemented at the elementary level starting from the school year 1957-1958?
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In the Revised Elementary Education Curriculum, which languages were offered as subjects in Grades I and II?
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The Continuous Progression Scheme (CPS) implemented in the elementary during SY 1970-1971 was successful and achieved its objectives.
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Which education program replaced the 2-2 Plan in secondary education in 1973?
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Match the following education policies with their corresponding years of implementation:
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Study Notes
Historical Development of the Philippine Educational System
- 1901: The Philippine Commission installed a highly centralized public school system, authorization the Secretary of Public Instruction to bring 600 teachers from the U.S.A., known as the Thomasites.
- 1902: The Bureau of Public Instruction became the Bureau of Education, and high school systems, special educational institutions, schools of arts and trades, agricultural schools, and commerce and marine institutes were established.
- 1908: Act No. 1870 created the University of the Philippines.
- 1916: The Reorganization Act provided for the Filipinization of all department secretaries except the Secretary of Public Instruction.
- 1942: Japanese educational policies were embodied in Military Order No. 2, and the Philippine Executive Commission established the Commission of Education, Health and Public Welfare.
- 1943: The Japanese-sponsored Republic created the Ministry of Education, emphasizing the teaching of Tagalog, Philippine History, and Character Education.
- 1945: The Department of Instruction was made part of the Department of Public Instruction.
- 1947: The Department of Instruction was changed to the Department of Education.
- 1972: The Department of Education and Culture was established, and major organizational changes were implemented in the educational system.
- 1978: The Ministry of Education and Culture was established.
- 1982: The Education Act created the Ministry of Education, Culture, and Sports.
- 1987: The Department of Education, Culture, and Sports was established.
- 1994: The Commission on Higher Education (CHED) and the Technical Education and Skills Development Authority (TESDA) were established.
- 2001: Republic Act 9155 transformed the Department of Education, Culture, and Sports (DECS) to the Department of Education (DepEd).
Basic Education Curricular Reforms
- 1946-1956: The establishment of the Commonwealth led to a reorientation of educational plans and policies, including the revision of the elementary curriculum to include the teaching of the National Language.
- 1957-1982: The Revised Elementary Education Curriculum was gradually implemented, with the vernacular as an auxiliary medium of instruction in Grades I and II, and Pilipino and English as subjects.
- 1989-2001: The New Secondary Education Curriculum was implemented, with objectives including the development of moral and spiritual values, understanding of the nature and purpose of man, and acquisition of work skills and knowledge.
Key Legislation and Events
- 1940: The Educational Act provided for the system of public elementary education and its financing.
- 1953: Republic Act 896 declared the policy on elementary education in the Philippines.
- 1955: The BNE Report outlined the objectives of elementary and secondary education.
- 1957: The Revised Elementary Education Curriculum was implemented.
- 1970: The Revised Teacher Education Curriculum was implemented.
- 1974: The Bilingual Education Policy was issued.
- 1989: The New Secondary Education Curriculum was implemented.
- 1994: The Commission on Higher Education (CHED) and the Technical Education and Skills Development Authority (TESDA) were established.### 1983 - 2001 New Secondary Education Curriculum
- Subjects in the curriculum: English, Filipino, Science and Technology, Mathematics, Social Studies, PE, Health and Music, Values Education, Technology and Home Economics
- Total units for each subject per year: 40 units per year for each of the four years
- Total units for all subjects: 160 units
Elementary Education Reform (1983)
- The need for reform was highlighted by the Survey of Outcomes in Elementary Education (SOUTELE)
- Experimental Elementary Education Program (EEEP) was launched in 1978 to implement the recommendations of SOUTELE
- EEEP was conducted for two years, involving 1,500 classes in 125 school divisions
- Results of EEEP showed the viability of the experimental curriculum in developing communication skills
- Findings strengthened the indication that elementary education needed improvement
- Program for Comprehensive Elementary Education (PROCEED) was developed as a 10-year program (1980-1990)
- Program for Decentralized Education Development (PRODED) was installed to serve as a launching pad for PROCEED
- PRODED was a World Bank-assisted project aimed at improving elementary education, increasing pupil participation and survival rates, and addressing regional disparities
New Elementary School Curriculum (1983)
- Subject areas and daily time allotment per grade level:
- Grade I: Character Building Activities (20-30 minutes), Filipino (60 minutes), English (60 minutes), Mathematics (40 minutes), Sibika at Kultura (40 minutes), Science and Health (40 minutes), Mga Sining at Edukasyong Pagpapalakas (40 minutes), Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (40 minutes)
- Grade II-VI: similar subject areas with varying daily time allotments
2002 - 2011 Basic Education Curriculum (BEC)
- DepEd Order No. 25, s. 2002 ordered the implementation of BEC
- BEC was recommended by the Philippine Commission on Educational Reforms (PCER)
- Features of BEC:
- Integrates learning areas of Values Education, PEHM, Araling Panlipunan, and Technology and Home Economics into one subject area called Makabayan
- Aims to empower the Filipino learner to be capable of self-development throughout life, and to be patriotic, benevolent, ecologically aware, and godly
- Promotes mutual interaction between students and teachers, and collaborative learning
- Emphasizes computer literacy and the use of information technology
2010 Secondary Education Curriculum
- Implemented in the first year level only, with the second, third, and fourth years continuing to use the 2002 BEC
- Refinement of the curriculum followed the Understanding by Design (UbD) framework
2012 Kindergarten Education and K to 12 Basic Education Curriculum
- R.A. 10157 institutionalized Kindergarten Education into the Basic Education System
- DepEd Order No. 21, s. 2012 detailed the policies and guidelines on the implementation of the Universal Kindergarten Education Program
- Roll-out implementation of the K to 12 Basic Education Curriculum for Grade 1 and Grade 7 started in SY 2012-2013
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Description
Learn about the development of the Philippine educational system, from the implementation of Act No. 74 in 1901 to the role of the Thomasites. Discover how the Bureau of Public Instruction became the Bureau of Education.
