Philippine Cultural Heritage

Santos and Retablos

• Religious icons like santos and retablos were essential for religious rituals in the Philippines.
• The pasyon or pabasa, a narration of Christ's passion, was observed during the Lent season in some places.

Living Treasures Award

• The Living Treasures Award was institutionalized through Republic Act No. 7355.
• The award is administered by the National Commission for Culture and the Arts.
• The purpose of the award is to honor and support traditional folk artists and preserve their skills and craft.

Criteria for the Living Treasures Award

• The criteria for the award include:
  • Being a Filipino citizen or a group of citizens belonging to an indigenous or traditional cultural community in the Philippines.
  • Having at least 50 years of existence and documented tradition.
  • Producing and performing artistic distinctive and superior quality.
  • Possessing mastery of the tools and techniques of the craft.

American Colonial Art

• During the American regime, commercial and advertising arts were integrated into the fine arts curriculum.
• Americans favored idyllic sceneries and secular forms of art.
• The painting "Planting Rice" by Fernando Amorsolo is an example of modern art in the Philippines.

Modern Art

• Modern art in the Philippines began after World War 2 and the granting of independence.
• The modern art movement aimed to create a new and distinct Filipino identity.

Cavite Mutiny

• The Cavite Mutiny was an attempt by the natives to get rid of the Spanish government in the Philippines.
• The mutiny was caused by the removal of privileges enjoyed by the laborers of the Cavite arsenal, such as exemption from tribute and forced labor.
• The event was also a signal of objection against the injustices of the government.
• The natives did not have a word in their own language to describe the concept of a republic or monarchy, and the leader selected would be a priest.

Historical Figures

• José Burgos and Jacinto Zamora were potential leaders of the government during the Cavite Mutiny.
• Bonifacio "Boni" Ilagan was a Filipino activist and student who was arrested and tortured during the Marcos regime.

Philippine Constitution

• The Philippine Constitution is the highest law of the land and the basis of all laws and official policies.
• The Constitution has undergone several changes, with versions ratified in 1898, 1935, 1973, and 1987.

Simoun and Basilio

• Simoun tried to persuade Basilio to join his quest for revenge against the Spanish Government.
• Basilio refused, as he wanted to finish his studies.

Arithmetic Sequence

• An arithmetic sequence is a sequence where each succeeding term is obtained by adding a fixed number.
• The sum of the first n terms of an arithmetic sequence is called an arithmetic series.

Historical Antecedents

• The correct answer to the question "When was the form of the alphabet first used as a written text?" is a. Bronze Age.
• The correct answer to the question "In which period of pre-Colombian American civilization was the first primitive form of brain surgery performed?" is a. Aztec.
• The correct answer to the question "What period, which took place during the 16th and 17th centuries, replaced the Greek view of nature and made a drastic change in scientific thought?" is b. Scientific Revolution.

Pascal's Triangle

• Pascal's Triangle is a triangular arrangement of numbers that gives the coefficients in the expansion of any binomial expression.
• The triangle is named after French mathematician Blaise Pascal.