Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following is a characteristic of Okir design?
Which of the following is a characteristic of Okir design?
What is the significance of the Torogan's panolong?
What is the significance of the Torogan's panolong?
Which of the following is NOT a pattern found in Okir designs as described by Dr. Nagasura Madale?
Which of the following is NOT a pattern found in Okir designs as described by Dr. Nagasura Madale?
What art styles influenced Abdulmari Asia Imao's work?
What art styles influenced Abdulmari Asia Imao's work?
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Baybayin, the ancient Tagalog script, was primarily used up until what century?
Baybayin, the ancient Tagalog script, was primarily used up until what century?
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Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Byzantine Art?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Byzantine Art?
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Which of the following is an example of the Filipino interpretation of Byzantine Art?
Which of the following is an example of the Filipino interpretation of Byzantine Art?
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Which type of art is characterized by exaggerated motion and clear, easily interpreted detail?
Which type of art is characterized by exaggerated motion and clear, easily interpreted detail?
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What is the origin of the word 'Rococo'?
What is the origin of the word 'Rococo'?
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What is the name of the Filipino class that emerged from the ilustrado movement?
What is the name of the Filipino class that emerged from the ilustrado movement?
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What style of architecture is the Miagao Church, Iloilo, Philippines, an example of?
What style of architecture is the Miagao Church, Iloilo, Philippines, an example of?
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Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Gothic Art?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Gothic Art?
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What is the name of the painter who created the "Langit, Lupa at Impierno"?
What is the name of the painter who created the "Langit, Lupa at Impierno"?
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Which of the following is a characteristic of Art Nouveau?
Which of the following is a characteristic of Art Nouveau?
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Which art style is characterized by simple, clean shapes and often a "streamlined" look?
Which art style is characterized by simple, clean shapes and often a "streamlined" look?
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Which of these artists introduced modern art styles to the Philippines before World War II?
Which of these artists introduced modern art styles to the Philippines before World War II?
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Who is considered the "Father of Philippine Arts"?
Who is considered the "Father of Philippine Arts"?
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Which artist is known for his mastery in using light in his paintings?
Which artist is known for his mastery in using light in his paintings?
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Which of these artists is NOT a National Artist?
Which of these artists is NOT a National Artist?
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Which art movement is associated with the Uy-Chaco Building?
Which art movement is associated with the Uy-Chaco Building?
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Which of these artists is known for his paintings depicting Philippine rural life and landscapes?
Which of these artists is known for his paintings depicting Philippine rural life and landscapes?
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What type of artifacts indicates the presence of Neolithic culture in the Philippines?
What type of artifacts indicates the presence of Neolithic culture in the Philippines?
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Which material was primarily used to create Lingling-o pendants?
Which material was primarily used to create Lingling-o pendants?
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What is the date range for the Manunggul Jar?
What is the date range for the Manunggul Jar?
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Where were remnants of Ceramics and anthropomorphic jars discovered in the Philippines?
Where were remnants of Ceramics and anthropomorphic jars discovered in the Philippines?
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What is a characteristic feature of the Agono Petroglyphs?
What is a characteristic feature of the Agono Petroglyphs?
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Which period is associated with the discovery of jade ornaments at Duyong Cave?
Which period is associated with the discovery of jade ornaments at Duyong Cave?
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What significant influence shaped the artwork of pre-colonial traditional art in the Philippines?
What significant influence shaped the artwork of pre-colonial traditional art in the Philippines?
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Which cave is associated with the oldest known work of art in the Philippines?
Which cave is associated with the oldest known work of art in the Philippines?
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What artistic styles influenced Filipino Classicism?
What artistic styles influenced Filipino Classicism?
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Who was the first Filipino painter known for a self-portrait?
Who was the first Filipino painter known for a self-portrait?
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What school did Juan Luna y Novicio help establish in 1821?
What school did Juan Luna y Novicio help establish in 1821?
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Which artwork by Juan Luna won a gold medal in 1884?
Which artwork by Juan Luna won a gold medal in 1884?
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Fernando Amorsolo is known for which art style that emphasizes embroidery and texture?
Fernando Amorsolo is known for which art style that emphasizes embroidery and texture?
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What type of painting theme was generally favored in Filipino art during the late 19th century?
What type of painting theme was generally favored in Filipino art during the late 19th century?
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In which architectural style is the White House designed?
In which architectural style is the White House designed?
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Which building represents Art Deco architecture in the Philippines?
Which building represents Art Deco architecture in the Philippines?
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What marked the beginning of the Philippine Modern Art Period?
What marked the beginning of the Philippine Modern Art Period?
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Which art movement became prominent during the Philippine Post Modern Art period?
Which art movement became prominent during the Philippine Post Modern Art period?
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What characterized modern art in the Philippines after World War II?
What characterized modern art in the Philippines after World War II?
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How did the creation of the Cultural Center of the Philippines influence Filipino artists?
How did the creation of the Cultural Center of the Philippines influence Filipino artists?
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What theme became prevalent among Filipino artists during the Post Modern Art period?
What theme became prevalent among Filipino artists during the Post Modern Art period?
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What major change occurred in Philippine art in the 1980s?
What major change occurred in Philippine art in the 1980s?
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What is a key feature of postmodern art?
What is a key feature of postmodern art?
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Which artist was NOT mentioned as part of the Philippine art scene in the provided content?
Which artist was NOT mentioned as part of the Philippine art scene in the provided content?
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Study Notes
Time Machine Activity
- Students need to recall the art styles from 10 years ago.
- Students need to differentiate traditional art and contemporary art using a Venn diagram.
- The diagrams must be completed on a 1 1/2 sheet of paper.
Philippine Art History
- A quick look at different art forms and styles.
Philippine Art Period Timeline
- Students need to rearrange photos based on the time periods.
- Time periods include Pre-Colonial, Post War Colonial, American Colonial, Spanish Colonial, and Contemporary.
The Objective of the Timeline Study
- Identify the development of Philippine art from its most primal form to contemporary.
- Understand the process and iconography of Philippine art as it progressed.
- Correlate Philippine contemporary art to its origins and the global context.
- Define what uniquely makes Philippine art Filipino work.
Aesthetics
- A set of principles that focuses on the nature and appreciation of beauty, particularly in art.
- A branch of philosophy dealing with beauty and artistic taste.
- Rooted in Ancient Greek, specifically the word aisthetikos, meaning "esthetic, sensitive, sentient, pertaining to sense perception."
- Derived from aisthanomai, which translates to "I perceive, feel, sense."
- A branch of philosophy that examines the nature and experience of art, which emerged in the 18th century in Europe and developed in England.
Pre-Colonial Art Period (6185 BC to 1520 AD)
- Age of Horticulture/Neolithic Period (6185 to 4,400 BC)
- Metal Age (3190 to 190 BC)
- Iron Age (200 BC to 1000 BC)
- Local communities established and art moved beyond craft (like tools) to feature decorative elements and meaning.
Notable Art Pieces/Art Works
- Shell Bracelets and Pendants (Neolithic): Shells were used for tools and ornaments. The oldest ornaments, made of conch shells, were found in a cave dating back to 4854 BC,
- Agono Petroglyphs: A group of 127 human and animal figures carved into rock, roughly dating back to 3000 BC.
Important Art Works
- Lingling-o (2000 BC – 1000 AD), Duyong Cave, Palawan: Ear pendant made from nephrite (jade), characteristic of the Early Metal Age.
- Manunggul Jar (890–710 BC): Burial jar unearthed from a Neolithic burial site in the Manunggul Cave of Tabon Caves.
Important Works
- Maitum Jar (Metal Age: 190 BC to 500 AD): Anthropomorphic, secondary burial jars discovered by a National Museum archaeological team in 1991 in Ayub Cave, Barangay Pinol, Maitum, Sarangani Province, Mindanao.
Other Pre-Colonial Art
- Pottery, weaving, tattoo, jewelry, carving, and metal crafts.
Pre-Colonial Art Forms
- Pre-colonial art often featured religious symbols, daily activities (e.g., fishing, farming) or specific decorative patterns reflective of local community.
- Often influenced by local religions (animistic) or even Islamic elements.
- Some exchange of art aesthetics and processes with traders from other Asian nations (like China), with indigenous groups.
Baybayin
- A Tagalog ancient script (also known as badlit in Visayan).
- Derived from Brahmıc scripts from India.
- First recorded in the 16th century.
- Survived during Spanish colonization.
Activity 1
- Write your first name using the Baybayin language on a half-sheet of paper.
Unchanged Art Design Still Existing
- The Okir motif is an artistic cultural heritage of the Maranaos in Lanao, Philippines.
- An artistic design employed by Maranao, specifically in Southern Philippines.
- Practiced before Islamization, beginning somewhere in the early 6th century CE.
- Rendered through hardwood, brass, silver, wall painting with curvilinear lines and Arabic geometric motifs.
Patterns of the Okir
- Okir patterns include Matilak (circle), Poyok (bud), Dapal (leaf), Pako (fern or spiral form), Todi (fern leaf with spiral at upper edge), Pako lungat (fern leaf with a cut at one edge).
- Additional elements include Naga, Obid-obid, Binotoon, Kianoko, Pakonai, and Tialitali.
Common Themes of the Okir
- Torogan: Known as a flower symbol; part of the home of a high-ranking titleholder in a Maranao village.
- Panolong: The prominent carved beam at the front of the Torogan.
- Naga or serpent, Sarimanok: A chicken-like figure that carries a fish in its beak.
Modern Interpretation of the Okir Rendered in an Artwork
- Artwork by Abdulmari Asia Imao.
- Acrylic on Canvas (24" x 24").
- Created in 2011.
Spanish Colonial Art Period (1521-1898)
- Formal painting, sculpture, and architecture influenced by Byzantine, Gothic, Baroque, and Rococo styles.
- Most artworks are religiously-based (Catholic), with Philippine décor influences.
Spanish Art Aesthetics Adopted by Filipino Artist
- Byzantine Painting Style (Maître à la Ratière, Battle of Marignano, 1515): Paintings mirroring the Battle of Marignano, with artistic influence coming from an artist by the name of Maître à la Ratière.
- Filipino Interpretation (Esteban Villanueva, Basi Revolt, 1821): Depiction of a Filipino interpretation of a Filipino historical event or revolt in 1821.
- Byzantine frescoes (11th–12th-century Church of Panayia Phorviotissa Cyprus) Paintings mirroring Byzantine architecture and Christianity.
- Baroque Aesthetics (Cathedral Church of Saint Mary in Murcia, Spain, Filipino interpretation: Miagao Church, also known as the Sto. Tomas de Villanueva Parish Church Miagao, Iloilo, Philippines): Paintings and architectural works that reflect Baroque inspiration.
- Rococo Aesthetics: Paintings and architectural characteristics that were popular in France during the 18th century.
- Gothic Aesthetics: Paintings and architecture that is rooted in religion and has distinctive arched designs and illuminated manuscripts.
Spanish Colonialism Lives On with the Filipino “Antique” Furniture and Carving Designs
- Baroque-influenced wood carvings and table-sculptures.
- Carvings and sculptures by Juan Flores.
Uprising of the Philippine Artist
- The rise of the Ilustrado (elite Filipino class) initiated a new approach to art, incorporating elements of Western academicism.
- This new approach, or classical style, borrowed elements of Neoclassicism, Romanticism, and Impressionism.
The Father of Filipino Painting: Damian Domingo
- First Filipino to paint a self-portrait.
- Founder of the Academia de Dibujo y Pintura, establishing the first drawing school in the Philippines.
- Known for his decorative art, watercolor illustrations, and paintings with costumes.
Juan Luna y Novicio First of Two Internationally Renowned Artist
- Filipino painter, sculptor, and political activist during the late 19th-century Philippine Revolution.
- His Spoliarium won the gold medal at the 1884 Madrid Exposition of Fine Arts.
Felix Resurreccion Hidalgo
- One of the greatest Filipino painters of the 19th century.
- His work is influenced by both Neoclassicism and Romanticism.
Two Filipino Art Styles Developed During the Spanish Period
- Miniaturismo: Focuses on costume detailing.
- Letras y Figuras: Fuses letters and figures in everyday scenes.
American Colonial Art Period (1898-1946)
- Filipino artists began to identify themselves in their art.
- Incorporating elements of education, illustration, and commercial influences into their paintings.
- Favors Genre Painting, Landscapes, Still Life, Portraits.
Popular Art Styles During the Philippine Colonial American Period
- Neoclassicism in Architecture: The White House served as an inspiration for the Neoclassical architectural style.
- Neoclassicism in Philippine Architecture: Building designs reflecting Neoclassical values.
- Art Deco in Architecture: Notable examples include the Chrysler Building.
- Art Deco in Philippine Architecture: Specific examples include the Metropolitan Theater.
METAmorphosis the Rebirth of the Metropolitan Theater
- A look into the rebirth of the Metropolitan Theater.
Art Nouveau
- Architecture that emerged in Europe at the beginning of the 20th century.
- Characterized by intricate designs inspired by natural forms, such as flowing curves.
- Examples include buildings in Old England, Musée des instruments de musique (Brussels).
Art Deco
- Decorative arts and architecture with clean lines, geometric ornaments, and streamlined designs.
- Emerged in the 1920s and gained widespread popularity in the 1930s throughout the USA and Europe.
Commercial Art (Graphic Arts)
- Advertisements, posters, magazines, and other imagery used to communicate artistic messages.
- examples include illustrations and promotional materials for the Philippines.
Notable Artist: Fabian dela Rosa.
- Prominent Filipino painter after Luna.
- Considered a leading master of genre paintings in the first quarter of the 20th century.
- His nephews also became recognized artists (Pablo and Fernando Amorsolo).
Notable Artist: Fernando Amorsolo
- Known for rural landscape paintings.
- Skilled craftsman with an understanding and mastery of light.
- His styles include Impressionism, Luminism, Realism.
Guillermo Tolentino
- Became a National Artist for sculpture in 1973.
- Considered the Father of Filipino Art, owing to his famous sculptural works, including Bonifacio Monument and The Oblation.
Emergence of Philippine Pre-Modern Art: Triumvirate of Philippine Modern Art
- Victorio Edades, Carlos "Botong" Francisco, and Galo B. Ocampo: Artists introduced modern styles.
The Legend of the Thirteen Modern
- A detailed list of thirteen major modern artists, including Victorio Edades, Carlos Francisco, Galo Ocampo, Diosdado Lorenzo, and others.
Post-Colonial Art (1946-1986)
- Art after World War II grew and expanded, changing in reaction to other global influences.
Postcolonial Period (1946-1986) Contemporary Period (1986 to Present)
- Understanding the development of contemporary art is a study in progress.
- Early work was influenced by Western styles.
- Post-war Philippine art increasingly developed into its own style, using new forms, media, and artistic approaches.
- Art styles included pop art, maximalism, minimalism, abstraction, expressionism, constructivism, magic realism, and environmental art.
Modern Art Aesthetics
- Modern art focuses on unique artistic perspectives, and often breaks from traditional styles and values.
Post Modern Art Aesthetics
- Postmodern art challenged and reacted against characteristics of modern art.
- Styles like intermedia, installation art, video, conceptual art, and multimedia were prominent.
Contemporary Art Characteristics
- Contemporary art is created by artists alive in the 21st century.
- Involves global influences and changing social contexts to make unique artistic expressions.
- A wide variety of styles and subjects, challenging boundaries.
- Art that does not necessarily fit into a certain structure, form, or stylistic category.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the characteristics of Okir design, the significance of traditional Filipino architecture, and the influences on Filipino art. This quiz covers various art styles, historical significance, and key figures in Philippine art history, enhancing your understanding of the cultural heritage.
