PHI 293 Unit II Study Questions: 'Kneejerk Reactions'

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How does reason contribute to the Minimum Conception of Morality?

By ignoring the interests of those involved

By guiding conduct through emotions

By guiding conduct through logical deliberation (correct)

By giving more weight to personal bias

What is a characteristic of a conscientious moral agent according to the text?

Acting based on strong emotions

Ignoring facts and implications

Being impartially concerned with those affected (correct)

Refusing to revise convictions

How does reason help prevent obstacles to ethical thinking according to the text?

By being irrational and prejudiced

By avoiding truth discovery

By applying logical force and impartiality (correct)

By relying solely on cultural conditioning

Why is asking 'why?' questions important to avoid being arbitrary?

To look for logical justifications Signup and view all the answers

What does being a conscientious moral agent entail?

Considering facts and implications in decisions Signup and view all the answers

How can strong feelings and emotions interfere with ethical thinking?

By being irrational due to prejudice or selfishness Signup and view all the answers

Why is impartiality important to moral reasoning?

It helps avoid discrimination and connects us to good reasons. Signup and view all the answers

How does cognitive bias pose a threat to ethical thinking?

By distorting perception of reality and disrupting rational judgment. Signup and view all the answers

Why might someone think cultural relativism entails ethical relativism?

Due to the descriptive nature of cultural ethics and prescriptive nature of ethics. Signup and view all the answers

What are some logical results if ethics were relative?

Moral goods could not be justifiably done as ethical norms vary by culture. Signup and view all the answers

What does it mean to say that our pre-theoretic intuitions lack benefits?

It indicates a lack of clear thinking, training in argumentation, and consultation with experts. Signup and view all the answers

Why is siding with the oppressed of another culture not a case of being intolerant?

Because it implies valuing freedom and dignity, recognizing their humanity. Signup and view all the answers

PHI 293 Unit II Study Questions: 'Kneejerk Reactions'

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Questions and Answers

How does reason contribute to the Minimum Conception of Morality?

What is a characteristic of a conscientious moral agent according to the text?

How does reason help prevent obstacles to ethical thinking according to the text?

Why is asking 'why?' questions important to avoid being arbitrary?

What does being a conscientious moral agent entail?

How can strong feelings and emotions interfere with ethical thinking?

Why is impartiality important to moral reasoning?

How does cognitive bias pose a threat to ethical thinking?

Why might someone think cultural relativism entails ethical relativism?

What are some logical results if ethics were relative?

What does it mean to say that our pre-theoretic intuitions lack benefits?

Why is siding with the oppressed of another culture not a case of being intolerant?

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