Phenylketonuria Genetic Disorder
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is a consequence of a defect in the biosynthesis of the cofactor tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4)?

  • Normal serum phenylalanine levels in newborns
  • Hyperphenylalaninemia that is responsive to dietary treatment (correct)
  • Urinary proteins that are unhelpful in diagnosis
  • Normal activity of the enzyme for tyrosine and tryptophan hydroxylation
  • What is the characteristic feature of the rarer form of the disease when there is a defect in the biosynthesis of the cofactor tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4)?

  • Unresponsiveness to L-dopa and 5-hydroxytryptophan
  • Normal serum phenylalanine levels in newborns
  • Normal activity of the enzyme for tyrosine and tryptophan hydroxylation
  • Hyperphenylalaninemia that is responsive to dietary treatment (correct)
  • Why is examination of urinary proteins helpful in the diagnosis of cofactor defects?

  • To diagnose cofactor defects that are rare
  • To identify the specific mutation in PAH gene (correct)
  • To confirm responsiveness to dietary treatment
  • To measure serum phenylalanine levels
  • What must be given to patients alongside the neurotransmitter precursor L-dopa and 5-hydroxytryptophan if cofactor defects are identified?

    <p>BH4 and dietary treatment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the hepatic enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH)?

    <p>Metabolize phenylalanine to tyrosine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a product of the deamination of phenylalanine?

    <p>Phenylketone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In individuals with the autosomal recessive genetic disorder, what level of phenylalanine accumulation is typically observed?

    <p>&gt; 600-1200 µmol/L</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the reduction product of phenylpyruvic acid?

    <p>Phenyllactic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best describes Non-PKU mild hyperphenylalaninemia?

    <p>Phenylalanine levels between 180 and 600 µmol/L</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the glutandine conjugate of phenylacetic acid?

    <p>Phenylacetylglutamine</p> Signup and view all the answers

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