Phenylephrine Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following are brand names for phenylephrine? (Select all that apply)

  • Advil®
  • PediaCare® Children's Decongestant (correct)
  • Neo-Synephrine® (correct)
  • SudafedPE® (correct)

What is the generic name and pronunciation of phenylephrine?

phenylephrine (fen il EF rin)

What are the sound-alike/look-alike issues associated with phenylephrine?

Sudafed PE™ may be confused with Sudafed®

What is the therapeutic class of phenylephrine?

<p>Decongestant</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of phenylephrine?

<p>Alpha adrenergic agonist which causes vasoconstriction of the arterioles in the nasal mucosa</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the common indications for phenylephrine?

<p>Nasal congestion</p> Signup and view all the answers

Phenylephrine has absolute contraindications including severe hypertension and _____.

<p>narrow-angle glaucoma</p> Signup and view all the answers

What dosage forms does phenylephrine come in? (Select all that apply)

<p>Nasal spray (A), Tablets (B), Nasal drops (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the usual adult dosing for oral phenylephrine?

<p>10-20 mg every 4 hours as needed for ≤7 days</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some common adverse effects of phenylephrine?

<p>Burning, nasal congestion, hypertension, anxiety</p> Signup and view all the answers

How should phenylephrine be administered via nasal route?

<p>Should not be used for more than 3 days</p> Signup and view all the answers

What clinical teaching should be given to patients taking oral phenylephrine?

<p>Avoid activities requiring mental alertness until drug effects are realized</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

Brand Names

  • Commonly found under SudafedPE®, Neo-Synephrine®, 4 Way® Fast Acting, Little Noses® Decongestant, and PediaCare® Children's Decongestant.

Generic Name and Pronunciation

  • Known generically as phenylephrine, pronounced as (fen il EF rin).

Sound-alike/Look-alike Issues

  • Confusion may arise between Sudafed PEâ„¢ (phenylephrine) and Sudafed® (pseudoephedrine).

Therapeutic Class

  • Classified primarily as a decongestant.

Mechanism of Action

  • Functions as an alpha adrenergic agonist, leading to vasoconstriction of nasal mucosa arterioles.

Common Indications

  • Primarily used for alleviating nasal congestion.

Absolute Contraindications

  • Contraindicated in severe hypertension, narrow-angle glaucoma, and in infants/children of low body weight when using the 10% ophthalmic solution.

Dosage Forms

  • Available in multiple formats including tablets, liquids, nasal spray, and nasal drops.

Usual Dosing

  • Adults (12 years and older):
    • Oral: 10-20 mg every 4 hours as needed for up to 7 days.
    • Intranasal: 0.25% to 1% solution, 2-3 sprays or drops in each nostril every 4 hours as needed for up to 3 days.

Adverse Effects/Side Effects

  • Common side effects:
    • Nasal: Burning, congestion, rebound effect, discharge, sneezing, stinging.
    • Oral: Hypertension, anxiety, dizziness, excitability, headache, insomnia, nervousness, restlessness.
  • Serious side effects include myocardial infarction and arrhythmia.

Administration

  • Nasal formulations should not be used for more than 3 days to avoid worsening congestion and rebound effects.

Clinical Teaching

  • Patients using the oral form should be cautious of activities demanding mental alertness due to potential dizziness.
  • Advisable to limit nasal use to 3-5 days to prevent rebound congestion.
  • Patients should consult healthcare professionals before using with MAO inhibitors, antidepressants, or antihypertensive medications.

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