Questions and Answers
Which of the following are brand names for phenylephrine? (Select all that apply)
What is the generic name and pronunciation of phenylephrine?
phenylephrine (fen il EF rin)
What are the sound-alike/look-alike issues associated with phenylephrine?
Sudafed PE™ may be confused with Sudafed®
What is the therapeutic class of phenylephrine?
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What is the mechanism of action of phenylephrine?
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What are the common indications for phenylephrine?
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Phenylephrine has absolute contraindications including severe hypertension and _____.
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What dosage forms does phenylephrine come in? (Select all that apply)
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What is the usual adult dosing for oral phenylephrine?
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What are some common adverse effects of phenylephrine?
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How should phenylephrine be administered via nasal route?
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What clinical teaching should be given to patients taking oral phenylephrine?
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Study Notes
Brand Names
- Commonly found under SudafedPE®, Neo-Synephrine®, 4 Way® Fast Acting, Little Noses® Decongestant, and PediaCare® Children's Decongestant.
Generic Name and Pronunciation
- Known generically as phenylephrine, pronounced as (fen il EF rin).
Sound-alike/Look-alike Issues
- Confusion may arise between Sudafed PE™ (phenylephrine) and Sudafed® (pseudoephedrine).
Therapeutic Class
- Classified primarily as a decongestant.
Mechanism of Action
- Functions as an alpha adrenergic agonist, leading to vasoconstriction of nasal mucosa arterioles.
Common Indications
- Primarily used for alleviating nasal congestion.
Absolute Contraindications
- Contraindicated in severe hypertension, narrow-angle glaucoma, and in infants/children of low body weight when using the 10% ophthalmic solution.
Dosage Forms
- Available in multiple formats including tablets, liquids, nasal spray, and nasal drops.
Usual Dosing
- Adults (12 years and older):
- Oral: 10-20 mg every 4 hours as needed for up to 7 days.
- Intranasal: 0.25% to 1% solution, 2-3 sprays or drops in each nostril every 4 hours as needed for up to 3 days.
Adverse Effects/Side Effects
- Common side effects:
- Nasal: Burning, congestion, rebound effect, discharge, sneezing, stinging.
- Oral: Hypertension, anxiety, dizziness, excitability, headache, insomnia, nervousness, restlessness.
- Serious side effects include myocardial infarction and arrhythmia.
Administration
- Nasal formulations should not be used for more than 3 days to avoid worsening congestion and rebound effects.
Clinical Teaching
- Patients using the oral form should be cautious of activities demanding mental alertness due to potential dizziness.
- Advisable to limit nasal use to 3-5 days to prevent rebound congestion.
- Patients should consult healthcare professionals before using with MAO inhibitors, antidepressants, or antihypertensive medications.
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Description
Test your knowledge of Phenylephrine with these flashcards covering brand names, pronunciation, and potential look-alike issues. Perfect for students and professionals in the pharmaceutical field. Enhance your understanding of this common decongestant.
